After the rise of Taoism, monographs describing immortal deeds came into being. There is the legend of the immortals first, and then there is the legend of the immortals. Biography of Immortals preaches the existence and learnability of immortals, which coincides with the Taoist ideal of pursuing immortality, so fairy tales are spread one after another.
Taoist immortal system
(A) Sanqing and Five Laojun
Sanqing
Yuan Shi Tian Zun (also known as Jade Qing Emperor)
Lingbao Tianzun (also known as Taishang Daojun and Shangqing Emperor). )
Moral Buddha (also known as Taishang Laojun, Hunyuan Laojun, Birthday Emperor, Taiqing Emperor, etc. )
Wu laojun
Yuan Laojun, the Royal Treasure of the Central Committee (referred to as Huang Dijun, a veteran of Yuanling)
Dongfang Anbaohua Lin Qingling began to be an old gentleman (referred to as Qingling began to be an old emperor)
Laojun of Danling Town, Changyang, Van Gogh, South China (referred to as Laochi Emperor of Dan Ling Town for short)
The Seven Treasures of the West Golden Gate, Ling Hao Emperor Laojun (referred to as Ling Hao Emperor Laobai for short)
The north cave is gloomy, and it is the mysterious old man with five spirits (referred to as the mysterious old Hei Di with five spirits).
(2) Heaven, Earth, Sun, Moon, Star, Chen and other great gods.
Yus
Jade Emperor (also known as Xuanyu Emperor, Supreme Jade Emperor of Haotian Jinque, full name of Supreme Jade Emperor of Haotian Jinque).
Zhong Tian Wei Zi Bei Ji Huang
Gouchen attacked the emperor
Thick soil Huangdi area
Wuxing county
Old star (Jupiter)
Chen Xing (Mercury)
Zhenxing (Saturn)
Fluorescent star (Mars)
Taibai Star (Venus)
Big Dipper Seven Star Jun
First Shu Tian
Go to Tian Xuan the next day.
Mitianji
The right of the fourth day
Fifth yuheng
6 th lvyang
The seventh rocking lamp
The first to the fourth is the best.
The fifth to seventh are the goals.
Fight together.
Nandou Liuxing
Xingjun Siming First Tianfu Palace
The next day, Mr. Lu, the secretary of "xianggong".
On the third day, Duke Liang extended his life to Xing Jun..
On the fourth day, Tong Gong was the star king.
Xingjun 5 th Shu Tiangong
On the sixth day, a star was born in the palace.
Siling Balsu
Black Dragon (East) Corner, Health, Border, House, Heart, Tail and Basket.
Bai Hu (West) Kui, Lou, Wei, Chang, Bi, Gou and Shen.
Suzaku (South) Well, Ghost, Willow, Star, Zhang, Wing and Bird
Xuanwu (North) bucket, cow, female, virtual, dangerous, house, wall
Ten directions and all the gods in the sky
Above, Yu Kong, Di Qing, Buddha Zun.
Beneath it, it is the real emperor cave god, Buddha.
Dong Fangyu Huang Bao Tianzun
Zhen Xuan Wanfu Tianzun
The west is so wonderful, it is the highest heaven.
North Xuanshang joy chen Tianzun
The immortal in the northeast is the holy Buddha.
Southeast is a Buddha, and you have a good life.
In the southwest, it is too spiritual to be an emperor and a Buddha.
Northwest Wuliang Taihua Tianzun
Sanguanhuang
Tianguan Emperor Wei Zi
Local official Qing Xu
Shui Guan dong yin da di
Other gods
Mother Buddha of Ming Dow: Dom,
Taiyi saves the suffering god: also known as Qing Xuan God.
Ming Zhenjun, the longevity official of the Antarctic: also known as Antarctic real person, longevity star and old star.
Taiyi Lei popularized the Buddha: also known as Marshal Doutian picket. Wang Shantian Jun.
Demon and Taoist Buddha: also known as the brilliant emperor, the ancestor of Shi Tian and the founder of Taoism, Zhang Daoling.
Zhenwu Emperor: In other words, protecting the saints should be the true monarch, protecting the true monarch, protecting the mysterious god, fighting the devil and fighting the Buddha.
Wenchang Emperor: Wenchang Emperor: Zitong Emperor, Emperor, Reincarnated Immortal and Yuan Di.
Dongyue Emperor: The full name of Dongyue Tianqi Rensheng Emperor, also known as Dongyue Tianqi Emperor, Dongyue Taishan Jun, is from Fengdu Emperor.
(3) Lingguan. Tai sui god and the god of the human world
Lingguan: There are so-called ten-day Lingguan, nine-place Lingguan, Shuifu Lingguan, 500 Lingguan and five-manifestation Lingguan.
Gongcao: Also known as the four-valued Gongcao, it is the Taoist god who is on duty every year, month, day and hour.
Town God: It is said that it originated from the water (i.e. the city) where Zhou Li sacrificed wax to one of the gods.
Land: from the ancient land god.
Kitchen God
door-god
the God of Wealth
god of plague
(4) True stories and immortals
Four real people (neither born nor dead, neither empty nor surplus, refers to real people):
South China Real Person: Zhuang Zhou, a Taoist scholar in pre-Qin Dynasty.
Xuan Tong: It is said that he is from Wen Zi, and his surname is Xin Mingshuo, and he is from Ji Ran.
The real person of Dongling: Kang Cangzi, also known as Sang Kangzi, is more Sang Zi.
Xu Chong Real Person: Taoist scholar in pre-Qin Dynasty, Emperor Guan Zheng Renlie.
Immortal (supernatural, magical power changes, immortal, called immortal):
Peng Zu: Great-grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu.
Red pine nut: the rain teacher of Shennong
Ning Fengzi: the hometown of the Yellow Emperor
Red sperm: Zhuan Xu native.
Glory and success: the teacher of the yellow emperor
An Qisheng: a fairy in the sea.
Xu Zhenjun: Xu Xun was a Taoist priest in Jin Dynasty.
Three Mao Zhenjun: the great Mao Jun Mao Ying, the middle Mao Jun Mao Gu and the young Mao Jun Mao Zhong.
the Eight Immortals
Tie Guai Li
Han Zhongli
Zhang
he xian gu
Lan Caihe
Lv Dongbin
han xiang zi
Cao Guojiu
Beiwu group
Fuyuan, Donghua Zifu, Li Ji Avenue, Wang Jun, Fu Xuan
Zhengyang enlightened and preached and taught Emperor Zhong Liquan.
Chunyang played the role of a policeman and accepted the blessing of Emperor Lv Dongbin.
Haichan understood Hongdao and protected Emperor Liu Haichan.
Chongyang Quanzhen Hua Kai Fuji Emperor Wang Zhongyang
Nanwu zu
Ziyang Royal Zhang Boduan
Cuixuan real-life Shixinglin
Zixian real Guo Daoguang
Cuilv Real Ni Chen Pill
Zi Muslim Bai Yuchan
Beiqi town
Danyang holds nothing to popularize the true king Ma Yu.
Chang Zhen was deeply attracted, and Xuan Jing, Wen Dezhen and Tan Jun all went out.
Liu Chuxuan, the true king of Xuanmingde, is an auxiliary school of longevity.
Yu Yang's Xuanguang Ci dupu Zhen meets Wang Chuyi.
Taigu Guangning Xuantongji Zhenjun Hao Datong
Yuan is really mysterious. Yuan Jun Sun Buer of Hue.
Changchun power was deified by Qiu Chuji, Bishop of Mingying.
Second, explain
Sanqing
It is the collective name of Jade Qing, Lingbao and Taiqing, and it is the supreme god of Taoist belief. "Sanqing" originally refers to the place where the three gods lived. According to the Taoist book, the Buddha was born in the early Yuan Dynasty, lived in a quiet sky, and was born in a mixed cave. Lingbao Tianzun, who lived in Yu Yu for the rest of his life, was born from the gasification of Huang Zhi. He was too ignorant of red powder. Moral Buddha, also known as the old gentleman on the throne, lives in the pure land of heaven and is born in the gasification of mystery. Sanqing ruled the gods, was the sect of God King, and was the Lord of Flying Immortals, who created everything in the universe. It first appeared on the map of real spiritual position.
Thirty-two heavenly emperors
Taoism says that there are eight emperors in the east, west, north and south, and thirty-two emperors. See Lingbao Infinite Man Classic.
Six emperors and two queens
The Six Emperors refer to the Jade Emperor, Dong He and the Four Emperors, while the Second Emperor refers to the Golden Niang and the Emperor, and is the highest god below taoist sanqing.
The Jade Emperor
It is the abbreviation of the supreme jade emperor of Haotian Jinque, also referred to as the jade emperor or the jade emperor. In Taoism, he lives under the "three clean-ups" and is a god who holds heaven forever. In the folk, people regard him as the "emperor" in heaven and the supreme ruler of the world of gods, and all immortals must obey him. The ninth day of the first lunar month is the birthday of the Jade Emperor, and a birthday ceremony will be held in the Taoist temple to educate the scriptures. On the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, the Jade Emperor will go to the Three Realms to investigate good and evil. On this day, a Dojo will be held in the Taoist temple to welcome the Jade Emperor. In the past, people also had the custom of sending and receiving the jade emperor.
Dong
Also known as the father of Mu Gong or the East King, also known as the old gentleman at the beginning of Qingling. According to legend, Mu Gong was born on the blue sea, a city of pale spirits, and the god of governing Yang and harmony is in the East.
Yus
Second only to Sanqing, Jade Emperor and Dong.
The first one is the Jade Emperor, whose full name is Tianjinque, which is supreme and natural. Miracles belong to the Jade Emperor, and he is regarded as a god who holds heaven forever.
The second is Tai Shang Huang in north-central China, who is regarded as a god who helps the Jade Emperor to manage celestial latitude, the sun, the moon and the stars and control the stars and the four seasons.
The third is the Shanggong emperor Gou Chen, who is regarded as the god who assisted the Jade Emperor in charge of the North and South Peace and the Three Talents of Heaven and Earth, and dominated the military revolution in the world.
The fourth is the queen of the earth, who is regarded as the goddess in charge of the fertility of yin and yang, the beauty of all things and the beauty of the earth.
For the four emperors, it is also said that it belongs to the four emperors. Namely:
East Pole Tsinghua the Great (always in charge of all kinds)
The immortal emperor of Antarctica (always leading all souls)
Western Tai Chi Emperor (General Leader)
Emperor China of the Arctic (always leading all the stars)
Golden mother
No. 1 Tailing Jiuguang Guitai Golden Mother, also known as the Queen Mother of the West. "Tai Ping Guang Ji" said: The Queen Mother of the West and Dong (Mu Gong) * * * care for each other. The male is named Li Mu Gong, and the female is named Li Mu Gong.
Thick soil Huangdi area
Also known as Chengtian, it is the god of yin and yang, the beauty of everything and the beauty of mountains and rivers. There were statues of men in the afterlife in ancient times, and women appeared before Wu Zetian in the Tang Dynasty. After Song Huizong, they are all female images. Folk commonly known as "the queen of the earth"
Fusang the Great
As the king of the East, according to the Record of True Immortals, "Fusang the Great lived in the blue sea, surrounded by his homestead and Wan Li, with Taizhen Palace and Jasper City on it."
Xuanyuan shizi
Taoism calls Laozi's disciples Yin, Geng Sangchu, Nan, Yu, Cui Zhai, Lie Yukou, Shi Chengqi and Zhuang Zhou the ten sons of Xuanyuan. In the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu wrote Ten Pictures of Xuanyuan. (Collected Taoist Scriptures, Volume 12)
Taiyi
The name of this star is on the closed door of Wei Zi Palace. The Star Classic says: "Taiyi Star is half a degree south of the Heaven Emperor and the Lord of the Sixteen Gods."
Eleven drugs
Taoism says that the sun, the moon, Venus, Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, Ziqi, Yueyue, Luozi and Kyrgyzstan are all eleven stars. Call its gods eleven obsidian stars.
Twenty-eight constellations (division of celestial spheres in ancient astronomy in China)
Refers to the seven nights of the Oriental Black Dragon: Jiao, Kang, Bi, Fang, Xin, Wei and Bai; North Xuanwu seven nights: sinus, cow, female, Xu, danger, room, wall; Seven nights in the Western White Tiger: Que, Lou, Stomach, Ang, Bi, Gou and Shen; Suzaku seven nights in the south:
The Big Dipper
Also known as the highest plough, the seven stars gather in the north in a bucket shape, hence the name Beidou. Seven stars, a Shu Tian, two days of grace, three days of service, four days of strength, five days of balance, six days of sunshine and seven days of Ursa major. According to legend, the king of the Big Dipper was born in Shandong and went to France for nine days. All ghosts and gods were in the middle, and he was born in Rong Min's life. See "Seven Signs of Yun Qi".
Zuo Fu and Ubi.
The second nine planets of the Big Dipper, Zuo Fu and Youbi, represent the nine planets. See "Seven constellations of Yun Qi-Sun, Moon and Stars".
Zitong Wenchang Dijun
Also known as Wenquxing, it is the god who holds the book of Lu.
God of longevity
Also known as the Antarctic old man star, it is said that the main longevity test, seeing the world safe, praying in the temple.
values
Celestial officials, local officials and water officials are collectively referred to. The 15th day of the first month of Shang Yuan, the 15th day of July of the Middle Yuan and the 15th day of October of the next Yuan are the birthdays of Tianguan, Diguan and Shuiguan respectively. Therefore, the three officials are also called Sanyuan, and they are honored as the "Three Official Emperors" or "Sanyuan Emperors", which is the first deity worshipped by Taoism. The post is God bless the people, local officials atone, and water conservancy officials help Eritrea. There are three official statues in Sanguan Pavilion of Taihe Palace in Wudang Mountain.
Five hundred lingguan
Taoist names. According to legend, when Zhenwu entered Wudang Mountain for monasticism, his father, King Jingle, sent ministers to chase him with 500 soldiers. Later, 500 soldiers did not return to the temple, and they all became immortals, called 500 Lingguan; The commander-in-chief of the five hundred Lingguan is the five Lingguan, also known as the "five marshals of Lingguan Sage Huaguang". Its image is wearing a crown, robes, hands holding water, respectfully standing and waiting.
Wang lingguan
As the patron saint of Taoism, he guarded the mountain gate. According to legend, the surname of the tomb palace is Wang Mingshan, a Taoist priest in the late Northern Song Dynasty. He tried to protect Sasa's Buddhism in Xishu and was a disciple of Lin Lingsu. After Wang Shan's death, he became a spiritual officer, and the Jade Emperor made him commander of the Jade Hub Fire House. Responsible for picketing the merits and demerits of heaven and earth, punishing evil and promoting good. Wudang Mountain has a bronze statue of gilded Wang Lingguan, with wide eyes, full beard, jagged teeth, dignified face, armor and whip.
Egyptian ginger palm
The goddess of wisdom in Taoist belief is the mother of the Big Dipper. According to Taoist records, Dou E was originally a princess in the late Han and Zhou Dynasties, and was named Lady Ziguang. Gave birth to nine sons. The eldest brother and the second son are Gou Chen and Wei Zi respectively, and the other seven sons are Beidou, such as greedy wolf, giant gate, Lucun, Wen Qu, Lian Zhen, Wu Qu and Pojun. In Mount Tai, there is a statue of doom, with four arms on the left and right, holding a golden halberd of the Sun, Moon, Gong, Jin and Ling, wearing a crown coat and a kind face.
Sanxiaoniangniang
It is the collective name of Xiao Yun, Xiao Qiong and Bixiao, in order to perceive the divinity of fairies with the world. According to legend, the three sisters of Zhao Gongming, the god of wealth, are in charge of the struggle for mixed yuan. All gods, immortals, people, saints, princes, emperors, etc. Whether they are aristocrats, poor people or fools, they are born from the struggle of mixed yuan. Once upon a time, all believers who begged for children had to worship the Three Empresses. At present, there are three queens in the parents' hall of Zixiao Palace. Wearing a decorated rockhopper, dressed in gorgeous costumes, with rich and kind faces, each holding a treasure and sitting gracefully.
the God of Wealth
It can be divided into God of Wealth and Wu Caishen. The God of Wealth is Bigan and Fan Li, and Wu Caishen is Zhao Gongming and Guan Yu. Bigan, Zhao Gongming and Guan Yu are enshrined in the south wing of Wudang Mountain. Zhao Gongming and Guan Yu are both gods of wealth and protectors.
Twelve gods
The twelve gods, namely, the twelve gods of Zi, Ugliness, Yin and Mao, rotate by the day. In the picture, the gods draw animal images in the order of rats, ugly cows, silver tigers and hairy rabbits as symbols in the crown ornaments.
Marshal canopy
Taoism listed Heaven as a general, while in Song Dynasty Zhenwu, Tian Peng, Tianyu and Life were regarded as four saints.
Deputy Marshal Tian You
The patron saint of Taoism and Marshal Tian Peng are listed as four saints.
Zhenwu Yuji
Zhenwu is Xuanwu, which originally symbolized the stars in the north. Taoism is called Zhenwu Emperor and Demon King.
General black and evil
It is said that when the Jade Emperor appointed him as assistant minister, Lapras came to earth, tied with Zhenwu and Tian Peng as the general of heaven. Taiping rejuvenating the country for six years, awarded Yi Yisheng the rank of general, Dazhong Xiangfu for seven years, and Jia Yisheng Baode Town Army ... See "Qi Yuan".
Gossip god
The Eight Diagrams God is the messenger of Taiyi, symbolizing eight natural phenomena, namely, heaven, earth, thunder, wind, water, fire, mountains and harmony, including the Eight Diagrams of Gan, Kun, Kan, Gen, Zhen, Xun, Li and Jiao. Knowing the god's crown, each one drew a hexagram to show the difference.
Five holy mountains
The Five Mountains refer to Mount Taishan in Dongyue, Mount Huashan in Xiyue, Mount Huoshan in Nanyue (or Mount Hengshan), Mount Hengshan in Beiyue and Mount Songshan in Zhongyue. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, due to the prevalence of superstition, it was believed that the five mountains were soaring to the sky, which not only caused wind and rain, but also dominated the official career. Later, Taoism took Mount Tai as the emperor of Dongyue, calling for the soul and knowing the life span of people. Nanyue is the main division of land, and it is also the governor of Hengshui nationality. In the Song Dynasty, it was named Zhao Tian, the Saint Emperor. Taking Xiyue as the world's gold, silver, copper, iron and hardware, Tao Zhu is a pit smelting and feather bird, and Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty took Xiyue as the core monument of life and was named the King of Gold; Take Beiyue as the master of rivers, Huai River and Ji River in the world, as well as tigers, leopards, beasts, snakes and insects, and Song Zun is Emperor Yasuda Xuansheng; Taking Zhongyue as the master of the land, mountains, valleys, cattle, sheep and rice in the world, Wu Zetian was revered as a sacred yue, making heaven king and then emperor.
Sidu
That is, the rivers, Huaihe River and Ji River, and the four blasphemies of the five mountains and rivers are the symbols of the gods of mountains and rivers in the past dynasties. The four blasphemies were made public in the Tang Dynasty, and Wang Yu Song succeeded Yuan Dynasty.
the Eight Immortals
Refers to Li Tie Guai Li, Han Zhongli, Zhang, Xu Xianweng, Lan Caihe, Han Xiangzi and Cao Guojiu.
Gongcao
Taoism, also known as the Four Valued Gongcao, is the god of years, months and days. Both Lingguan and Gongcao have the responsibility of protecting the law, rewarding the good and punishing the evil.
Tianding, lux
Tianding and Lux are guardians, and Lux is an old demon in Taoism, in charge of punishment and killing.
Qinglong Army and Baihu Army
He is the guardian of the Taoist temple gate, with Zhang on the left and the white tiger on the right as the guardian soldier.
Lei Yu Shen Tu
As two brothers, they are possessed by ghosts and live under the peach tree in Shuoshan. See The Book of the Yellow Emperor. There are more folk books on the door to ward off evil spirits than Er Shen Tiger.
city moat
The city god, first seen in the book of the Northern Qi Dynasty, is the patron saint of the city and the Taoist god who specializes in strengthening the body and eliminating evil spirits and protecting the city-state. During the Six Dynasties, there was a temple in Ying City, commonly known as the City God Temple. After the Tang dynasty, the belief in the city god became popular; In the Song Dynasty, a national sacrificial ceremony was set up, and violent sacrifices were held in all counties. In the Yuan Dynasty, the City God Temple was built in Kyoto, and its name was "Fu Wang", which became the patron saint of feudal countries. In the Ming Dynasty, it was awarded many titles. Ming Taizu made the capital, states, prefectures and counties kings, princes, princes and uncles. Don't worry, just call it the god of some government, state or county. The duty is to defend the country, cut off evil, reconcile wind and rain, and manage the dead. In the old society, the Town God Conference was often held in April and May of the lunar calendar. The God of the Town God was placed on sacred land and people carried him around. This was called driving a car. Later, he dressed up as a cow's head and a horse's face and a judge's child to show that he was punishing evil and promoting good.
gnome
Also known as the Land Lord and the Land Lord, they have a very low status among Taoist gods and are the land protection gods. Their beliefs are more common in rural areas. In the Six Dynasties, celebrities were regarded as land gods after their death, and they were enshrined in both urban and rural areas. In the Tang dynasty, the city center was mainly set up for the city god, and the land god in the city was subordinate to the city god. After the Song Dynasty, the belief in land gods prevailed. Its image is a simple, kind and approachable old man with white hair and black clothes, accompanied by an old woman, known as the land father-in-law and the land mother-in-law. In the past, country festivals were used to pray for peace and harvest.