Huangjia Courtyard, built in the early years of Qing Emperor Kangxi, is located at No.88, Zhongyao South Road, Nanning, Guangxi. It is a typical southern residence in Qing Dynasty, with high ornamental, scientific research and historical and humanistic values. The house is the residence of the Huang family, and it is the best and most complete residential community in Nanning in the Qing Dynasty. 200 1 is listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanning.
Huang's compound is made of brick, but it varies in size and color. There is a saying that "ten bricks and seven rooms sell three rooms". It was through the efforts of several generations that the Huang family built these four rows, nine entrances and three corridors, with a size of *** 108. At most, there are 72 families with more than 300 blood relatives living in them, which shows that in the eyes of the Huang family, they attach great importance to blood relationship, which embodies the traditional patriarchal collectivism based on family in China. The house adopts the most common hard mountain structure in ancient China, with two slopes and gables slightly higher than the roof, but the left and right ends do not pick gables, which is extremely strong. According to local conditions, it is built according to the terrain, one in and one out, which makes the air convection and has the effect of pulling the wind.
The whole courtyard faces north to west and south to east, which conforms to the scientific orientation of buildings in the northern hemisphere: the sunrise trend is conducive to lighting, with the advantages of dryness, moisture-proof, sun protection and shelter from the wind. Warm in winter and cool in summer are good for living. From the periphery of the compound, the wall is more than three feet high, high and dense, which makes the house look dignified and elegant. The windows and the entrance to the mausoleum are built very high. On both sides of the door, there is a small hole that is not easy to find. It is specially used for shooting. It can be seen that the Huang family with guns is very smart. The position of the gun is aimed at shooting, so that there is no dead angle at the door, which can prevent the enemy from invading them. This kind of building has the characteristics of anti-theft, anti-attack, strong defense and good concealment. This is because Huang is a foreign resident and needs to live in groups to protect his own interests.
Huang Xie, the ancestor of the Huang family, made his fortune in Jiangxia, Hubei, and moved to Baima, Shandong. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhuang farmers in Guangxi revolted and the court sent Liang to suppress them. After Huang stationed troops, he first herded cattle for Liang's family, then started a business, and gradually became rich. This courtyard was built, and the buildings we see now cover an area of about 3,300 square meters. The Liangjia Courtyard next to the Huangjia Courtyard is a quadrangle-style closed structure facing south. The building area is small and the ventilation is worse than that of Huangjia Courtyard. Maybe it's custom. They northerners still don't forget their roots when they come to the south. Does this reflect the diligence of the Huang family or the decline of the Liang family?
In such a shabby and unremarkable place, Huangjia Courtyard, an ancient house that has long been eliminated from the concept of modern people, has a heavy traditional cultural heritage in terms of site selection, house layout, interior design and decoration.
The residence makes full use of favorable natural conditions and ecological factors, appropriately retains the natural landforms with landscape characteristics, and combines with local customs, which makes the Huangjia Courtyard not only have external beauty, but also very suitable for people to live in. It shows a trend of low before and high after, and the steps rise step by step, which means "step by step".
Its construction is more in line with the traditional geomantic omen in China, with the main road on the left, the Yongjiang River on the right and the back slope of Qiantang (now buried). This model conforms to the excellent living environment of "Zuo Qinglong (ground), You Baihu (water), Qian Suzaku (pond) and Hou Xuanwu (mountain)" in Feng Shui. This statement has its desirable scientific value: there is a pond more than one meter away from the house in front, which is conducive to water intake, fire fighting and breeding, and will not make the house too wet. In the traditional concept, "water" means "wealth", so this kind of water that does not overflow the corner will not block the way of wealth, but it means "gathering wealth". There are banyan trees behind the mountain to ward off evil spirits (north wind) and prevent sun. The land on the left and the waterway on the right ensure convenient transportation with the outside world, which is probably an important reason why Huang Zushang struggled from cowherd to capitalist with more than 40 pavements in Nanning during the Republic of China.
There are piers on both sides of the main entrance, which not only has the characteristics of moistureproof, supporting the door and stabilizing the column, but also can prevent the deformation of the door frame that has been opened for a long time. There are two copper coins and the pattern of "Ruyi" on the left and right piers. There are red and yellow sand stones on both sides of the door, which means "red and purple, thriving (yellow)" There are three square doors from the main entrance to the main room, which means "three doors and nine entrances". The lintel of the last entrance is red sand, which means "lucky strike", while the side door is arched roof, which shows that the Huang family has spent a lot of time in building these houses. After entering the door for the last time, the house didn't go straight to the end, but there was a fold that prevented the wind from passing directly. This is the bad meaning of "an arrow goes through the heart".
The entrance steps are 1 1, 3, 3 respectively. In China's traditional cultural concept, odd numbers belong to Yang (in the Book of Changes, odd numbers are Yang houses and even numbers are Yin houses), and Yang is regarded as an auspicious number. The overall pattern of Huangjia Courtyard is based on a stone road with a width of about 2 meters. The rooms on both sides are the same in number, size, layout and area, and they are symmetrical with each other, which embodies the equal interpersonal relationship in the family and the traditional golden mean thought of China. But the house on the left is a little higher than the one on the right, because in China's traditional etiquette, respect is on the left, so a meeting room on the left is a place where men can discuss and relax, and women can't enter, which is a manifestation of male superiority and female inferiority; Only the elders in the family can live in the left wing of the nave, which is the most sacred building in the whole building and is used for ancestor worship. This rule has not changed at any time, and the rest of the houses are lined up in turn according to the generations of children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and great-grandchildren, which reflects the tradition of China people attaching importance to etiquette-orderly aging, and clearly distinguishing seniority from seniority. These buildings reflect the intelligence and unique national architectural style of the people at that time, and reflect the traditional Confucian thought of "one family is the only one" that has been followed for thousands of years.
In addition, there are shrines, flower halls, Taoist temples and kitchens in the compound. The living room is the place where the host entertains guests and friends, and it is the most luxurious and spacious place in the compound. The shrine is the ancestral hall, where the family holds important activities and memorial ceremonies, and it is a complete residential community.
The Huangjia Courtyard embodies the superb architectural art level of the ancients in details and is a rare artistic treasure. Many peony flowers symbolizing wealth, good luck and prosperity are carved on the dripping tiles of eaves and courtyards. The murals on the door are dragon and phoenix patterns, girls without worries and peony flowers. This is not only decoration, but also reflects the owner's desire for wealth. Although many of them have weathered, we can also see the elegance and richness of the compound at that time, and some scenes of the film Shi Dakai were shot in the compound.
Huangjia Courtyard is a valuable cultural heritage of Nanning. Experienced the baptism of more than 300 years of historical storms. Although it has become inconspicuous in the passage of history, its rich historical connotation and humanistic culture are worth recalling forever.
The fame of Huang Family Courtyard is not comparable to that of Shanxi Qiao Family Courtyard. You have been to the Qiao Family Courtyard, and you can feel its luxury and style. The Huang family courtyard in Nanning is antique and brand-new …
Huangjia Courtyard, built in the early years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, is a typical southern residence in Qing Dynasty. The building has high ornamental, scientific research and historical and humanistic values. Huangjia Courtyard is the best preserved Huangjia Courtyard among the existing buildings in Qing Dynasty in Nanning. Therefore, if you are interested in history, culture and architecture, it is worth a visit, especially to Nanning.
Huang Family Courtyard is located in the north of Zhongxing Bridge in Nanning, which is a famous Huang family house. It was built in the early years of Qing Emperor Kangxi 167 1. 330O square meters, 4 rows, 9 rows and 3 corridors, room *** 108, with blue bricks and tiles, facing south, with main hall, kitchen, living room and hard mountain style. The windows and the entrance to the mausoleum are very high. Because of the age, many houses have been ruined, but bluestone and moss are particularly rich, which makes it difficult to hide the glory of the past. As an ancient exploration, it is still worth a visit.
Worth protecting. Huang must go to Nanning. Let's look at Huang's old house.