1 from: from, by. 2. Hill: East of Xiaoshitang. West: (noun as adverbial) to the west. 4.Huang bamboo: bamboo forest. 5. Ring: It seems that the rings worn by people collide with each other. Pei and the ring are Yu Pei tied around the waist. Make a sound. (Inverted sentence: prepositional object) 6. Music: conative usage, the word is translated as ... feel happy, and the sentence is translated as feel happy. 7. take: this means opening up. 8. Xia: (noun as adverbial) Xia, Xia. See: See 10. The water is particularly clear and the spring water is particularly cold. Especially. Bitter: cool 1 1. All-stone as the bottom: (Xiaoshitang) All-stone as the bottom. Take ... as (this sentence is reversed to "take the whole stone as the bottom"). Used for: as 12. Nearshore: A place near the coast. Close the door, close the door. Shore, shore. 13. Roll the bottom of the stone out: the bottom of the stone bends upward to expose the water. Volume, bending 14. It is reed, jade, harp and stone, forming various shapes such as reed, jade, harp and stone. G: High ground in the water. Island: A small island. Qin: Rugged rocks. Rock and roll: Rock and roll. 15. Lush trees, shaded and staggered (cēn cī): The trees and vines are shaded and swaying, uneven and fluttering with the wind. 16. kebaishutou: there are about one hundred. C: probably. X: Used after numerals to indicate divisor, which is equivalent to the usage of "lai". 17. Everyone swims in the air without any support (as if there were no water). 18. The sun shines on the bottom of the water, and the shadow of the fish is reflected on the rocks at the bottom of the water. Get down! Get down! B: reflect and distribute. 19. Don't move: (Fish shadow) is still. What dull eyes. 20. You passed away: suddenly swam away. All of a sudden. 2 1. Come and go suddenly: come and go quickly. Sudden: light and smart. 22. You can see the snake in the blink of an eye: you can see the stream winding like the Big Dipper and winding like a snake. Fighting: like the big dipper (noun adverbial); Snake: Like a snake. 23. Canine teeth are different from each other: (Canine teeth, nouns as adverbials) Canine teeth are equally uneven. Canine teeth: Like canine teeth. Poor: staggered. 24. unknowable: you can't know. 25. Surrounded by bamboo forests, it is lonely and quiet: surrounded by bamboo and green trees. Silence is sparse and empty, and I feel sad, cold and deep, filled with sadness. Sad and sad. Deep, deep. (causative usage) make sad ... feel sad. (causative usage) make cold ... feel cold. 26. I know its environment too well: because its environment is too bleak. So, because. Qing: Sad and bright. 27. You can't stay long, but remember: you can't stay long, so finish writing and leave. Live: live. One: Travel to Xiaoshitang on behalf of others. Go: Leave. 28. Wu Wuling: A native of Xinzhou (now Fengjie, Chongqing), Tang Xianzong Yuanhe, the champion, was banished to Yongzhou for his crime and befriended the author. 29. Gong Gu: The writer is my friend. 30. Zong Xuan: The author's cousin 3 1. Followers: Followers. Li: Come with me. Also: the table is tied. Follow: follow, verb. Xiao Sheng: Young people. Health, the elder's name for the younger generation. 33. cutting: cutting 34. Road: No.35 road. Especially: make an exception 36. Clear: Clear 37. Huan: Shuang 38. Use: and 39. In favor: 40 years old. Volume: bending 4 1. Use: So 42. In favor: 43. Treman: Green. Play 48. Southwest: Southwest 49. Fading: occurrence and appearance 50. Yes: about 5 1. Ring: around 52. Loneliness: a quiet look.
Walking west from the mountain 100 step, through the bamboo forest, I heard the sound of water, like the collision between Yuhuan and Yu Pei, which made my heart happy. Chopped bamboo, opened the road, went down and saw a small pool, and the water was particularly cold. A small pool with a whole stone bottom is close to the shore, and the bottom of the stone bends upward, exposing the water surface, becoming a highland in the water, an island, a rugged rock, and a small stone base with different shapes. Lush trees, green vines, covered with twisted, swaying, uneven, fluttering in the wind. There are a hundred fish in the pond. It seems that they are all swimming in the air, and there is nothing to rely on. The sun shines on the bottom of the water, and the fish's shadow is reflected on the stones at the bottom of the water, sometimes motionless; Sometimes it suddenly swims away. The appearance of brisk and agile communication seems to be playing with tourists. Looking to the southwest of the pool, I saw the stream winding like the Big Dipper and winding like a snake. The terrain on both sides of the strait is as uneven as a dog's tooth, and it is impossible to know its source. We sat by the pool, surrounded by bamboo and trees. It was quiet and empty, and there was no one there. We feel sad, cold and deep, full of sadness. Because the environment here is too bleak to stay long, I wrote down this scene and left. My friends are Wu Wuling and Gong Gu, and my brother Zong Xuan. Two young people from Cui's family, one forgives himself and the other is Feng Yi.
Night tour of Chengtian Temple
1. Chengtian Temple: in the south of Huanggang, Hubei. 2. Six years of Yuanfeng: A.D. 1083. Yuanfeng, the year number of Zhao Yong, Song Shenzong. At that time, the author had been demoted to Huangzhou for four years. 3. Desire: Want 4. Solution: untie the tied things. 5. Gate: Gate 6. Happily: Happy and cheerful. Happy, happy, happy. However, the appearance of ... 7. People who don't think about anything and have fun: I can't think of anyone who can have fun together. Read, think, think. People who have fun, people who have fun together. 8. Zhang Huaimin: The author's friend. Dream of fame, the word Huaimin, Qinghe (now Qinghe, Hebei) people. Yuanfeng was also exiled to Huangzhou in six years and lived in Chengtian Temple. 9. therefore, just. 10. Sleep: sleep and lie down. 1 1. Walking in the atrium: Walk into the courtyard together, walk together, walk together. Atrium, courtyard. 12. The courtyard is as clear as water: it means that moonlight fills the courtyard, just as water fills the courtyard from top to bottom, which is clear and transparent. Empty and bright, describing the clarity of water. 13. Algae (xìng): All aquatic plants, here are aquatic plants. 14. Cross: cross. 15. Gai: Following the above, explain the reasons and express affirmation, which is equivalent to "probably" and is interpreted as "originally" here. 16. Idle people: This refers to people who are free to wander around without seeking fame and fortune. At this time, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou Yingyong's agreement. This is an official with a position but no power, so he calls himself an idle person. A leisure person, or a person with leisure and elegant taste. 17. But there are very few idlers like us: there are only a few people like us who can idle around without seeking fame and fortune. But, just. 18. er: that's all.
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (can't be interpreted as 1083), 10/2 night, (I) untied my clothes and got ready for bed. Bright moonlight shone through the window (door), and (I) got up and walked happily. I thought I couldn't find anyone to talk to, so I went to Chengtian Temple to find my good friend Zhang Huaimin. (Zhang) Huai Min didn't sleep either, so we walked in the yard together. Moonlight shines in the yard, as clear and transparent as water. The water crisscrossed, which turned out to be the shadow of bamboo and cypress. When is there no moon? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? It's just the lack of people like us who don't seek fame and fortune and can muddle along calmly.
Travel notes of Man Jing
Yan (yān): refers to Beijing area. Flower Festival (zhāo): In ancient times, February 12th of the lunar calendar was regarded as the Flower Festival, and this day was called the birthday of Baihua. When the wind freezes (zu): cold wind often blows. The wind is cold. Get up. Gravel: small stones. Squeeze: constraint. 20(niàn)2:22, Chenghua said at the festival, so he didn't write the month. 20: 20 slightly: slightly and: warm. Xié: Together, together. Dongzhimen: Dongzhimen, Beijing, in the northeast corner of the old city. Man Jing is in Li Sansi, Dongzhimen North. Earth paste: fertile soil. Paste: fertile. If you get out of the cage, it looks like a swan flying out of the cage. Mandarin fish: swan. Yu Shi: At this time. Ice skin: The ice layer on the river surface means that the ice layer condensed on the water surface is like skin. The waves began to glow. Wave color, the color of water waves. At first glance, the beginning, the beginning. Fish scale wave: ripple like a fish scale. Jing: Make your debut. Newly opened: newly opened. Box (xi×): refers to the mountain washed by clear snow in the dressing box; Melting snow washed away the mountains. Yes, yes. Clear snow, snow under a clear sky. Juan Ran: Beautiful in appearance. Hu's face: The beautiful girl washed her face. Qiannv, a beautiful girl. Wash your face. Sweep and comb. Bun (Jiì) and bun (huán) First sweep: Just combed bun and bun. A round bun. Sweep, here refers to combing your hair. Tip: refers to the tip of willow. Cloak: Spread out in the wind. Spread out, spread out, spread out. The wheat field is (liè) inches shallow: This means that the wheat seedlings are about one inch high. Raccoon, the long hair on the neck of an animal, is a wheat seedling that is not well described here. Drink spring tea, sing (léi), and wear red clothes (Ji m \u n): drink spring tea, sing with glasses, and ride donkeys in fancy clothes. Have tea, Ming. Wine glasses. Sword, here refers to the donkey. Spring, tea, tea and tea are nouns used as verbs. Strength: fierce and powerful. Jiā: It's soaked. A bird is sunbathing on the beach. Sip (xiā) wave scales: fish that float to the surface and play in the water. Sip, suck, here is its extended meaning. Fish scales replace fish. Hairy scales: hairy refers to tigers and wolves; Feather-finger bird; Scales refer to fish and reptiles; Raccoons refer to animals such as horses. Together, it means all animals. There is no spring before the beginning: there is no spring. This is for the words "Han" in the first paragraph. Abortion: official delay. Fall, over "death", bad, delay. Xiao Ran: Describe chic. Officer: At that time, the author was appointed as a professor of Confucianism in Shuntianfu, which was an idle post. B: Just right. Evil (wū) can: How? Ji: Pass on the Record. Ji Hai (hài): Twenty-seven years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1599).
Beijing has a cold climate. After the Flower Festival, the residual chill is still very strong. The cold wind often blows, and when it blows, sand and stones fly. I have to be confined to one room, but I can't go out if I want to. Every time I run against the wind, I come back in less than a hundred steps. On the 22nd, the weather was a little warmer. I left Dongzhimen with some friends and went to Man Jing. Tall willows grow on both sides of the river bank, and the fertile land is a little wet. Looking around, it is an empty and open scene. I feel like a swan flying out of a cage. At this time, the ice on the river began to melt, and the water waves began to glow, causing ripples like fish scales. The river is clear and transparent, and you can see the bottom of the water. The sparkling water of the river looks like a cosmetic box that has just been opened, and cold light suddenly flashes in the box. The mountains were washed clean by the melting snow, and they looked as beautiful as if they had just been brushed, bright, bright and charming, just like a beautiful girl who had just washed her face and combed her hair. The wicker is about to stretch but not yet spread, and the tender tip is floating in the wind. The low wheat seedling is only about an inch, like short hair on the neck of a wild animal. Although there are not many tourists, people who drink Jiquan tea, sing with glasses and ride donkeys in colorful clothes can always see it. Although the wind is still strong, once you start walking, you will sweat. The birds basking in the sun on the beach and the fish swimming around on the water are leisurely, and all the animals are full of happy atmosphere. I just know if there is spring in the suburbs, but people living in the city don't know. People can't delay business because of sightseeing. I am the only idle official who lives among rocks, vegetation and nature. Man Jing is near my residence, and my sightseeing begins here. How can there be no recorded articles? This is February of the year of Ji Hai.
Life and death
1) is selected from Mencius Gao Zi Xia (Notes to Thirteen Classics, Zhonghua Book Company, 1980 edition). The title was added by the author. (2) Shun (shùn) was born in an acre of land (Qu n): Shun used to farm in Lishan. At the age of 30, he was used by Yao, and later succeeded him as the king of Yao. From, from, refers to being appointed. Mu, Tian, Tian. (3) Being sandwiched between two floors: A plasterer was originally named Fu, and was taken as a photograph by Wu Ding, the king of Yin. Promotion, appointment and selection. Board building, when building a wall, put the soil between two plywood and tamp it with a pestle. A pestle used to build and tamp soil. (4) Gelatin (gé) is held in fish salt: Gelatin was originally sold for fish and salt. Xibo () recommended him to Zhou. Later, he assisted Zhou Wuwang. (5) Introduction-Wu Weixiucai: Guan Zhong (Yi Wu) was originally the minister of Gongzi Nine of Qi State, and (Qi Huangong) competed with Gongzi Nine for the throne, but the rectification failed. Guan Zhong was sent back to China as a sinner, and Qi Huangong knew that he was talented, that is, he was regarded as a relative. Sergeant, prison officer. Being promoted to a scholar means being released and appointed from prison officials. (6) Sun Shuai cited Yu Hai: Sun Shuai, a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, lived in seclusion on the seashore. Chu Zhuangwang knew he was talented and took him as his wife. (7) Bailixi entered the city: Bailixi was a doctor in Guo Yu during the Spring and Autumn Period. After Yu Wang was captured, he went from Jin to Qin and fled to Chu. Later, Qin Mugong redeemed him with five sheepskins and used it as a doctor, so he said that he was kept in the city (market). (8) Ren: Responsibility, mission. (9) There are also modal particles, which are used at the end of the first half of the sentence to indicate a pause, and the second half will explain. (10) starve his body and skin: it means to make him suffer from hunger. (1 1) Lack of resources. Here is a verb that makes him suffer from poverty. (12) do something wrong: do something he doesn't like. Flip: violation. Chaos: Disturbance. (13) Endurance: Arouse his heart and temper his temperament. (14) Ceng Yi: It has been increased. Once, pass "increase". (18) Heng: Often, often. (15) Constantly crossing: often making mistakes. (16) consideration balance: thinking about congestion. Balance, "horizontal", infarction, poor. (17) Left: Stand up and do something. (18) Logo in color: displayed on the face. It means haggard and haggard, which is shown on the face. (19) Originated from sound: the breath of chanting and sighing originated from sound. (20) After metaphor: (See his face and smell his voice) Then people know him. (2 1) Introduction: refers to the domestic market. (22) Legalists: Legalists, law-abiding ministers. Fu Shi, a wise man who assisted the monarch Brush, pass "finish" and assist. (23) Outbound: refers to foreign countries. (24) Enemy country: a country with equal strength and status. (25) Born of worry: Live of worry. (26) Die of happiness: decline and die because of indulging in happiness.
Shun was appointed from the field and selected from the masons who built the wall. The glue was used by people who sold fish and salt. Guan Yiwu was used after being released from prison officials. Sun Shuaio was selected from the secluded seaside, and Prissy was redeemed from the slave market. Therefore, God will give such people a great responsibility. They must first temper their will, make their bones and muscles tired, make themselves suffer from hunger, make themselves suffer from poverty, and make things difficult for them. These methods will alert his heart, hone his character and increase his talents that he does not have. People often make mistakes before they can correct them; When I make a mistake, my mind is troubled and my thinking is blocked, so that I can rise up [or do something] in the future; The haggard color is shown on the face, the sigh is shown in the voice, and then I understand. If there are no ministers who uphold the law and sages who can assist the monarch at home, and there are no evenly matched countries and disasters from abroad, countries (like this) will often perish. We can know that anxiety can make people (or countries) survive and develop, while ease and enjoyment can make people (or countries) languish and die.
Cao Gui debate
1 year: the tenth year of Lu Zhuanggong (684 BC). 2 cut: attack, attack. Third Division: Lu Division: Qi's army. Qi, in today's central Shandong Province. I mean Lu. Lu, in the southwest of Shandong today. Zuo Zhuan was written according to Lu's Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period, so Lu was called "I". 4 Gong: refers to Duke Zhuang of Lu. 5. (Gui): The doctor of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous military theorist. Carnivore: A person who eats meat. This refers to those in power. 7 Jian: participation. 8 mean: mean. This means that those in power are shallow and ignorant. Nye: So, just. How to call 10: that is, "how to call" and why to call. Take: preposition, use, depend, depend. 1 1 Have no worries about food and clothing, but you dare to be an expert: clothes and food are health-preserving things that you dare not enjoy alone. Ann, this means' raising'. Christopher, no. Exclusive, personal exclusive. 12 divide people by oneself: that is, "divide people by oneself", you must give it to others. 13 Yes: Answer. Generally used for bottom-up answers. 14 820 1 15 Sacrificing jade and silk (bó): ancient sacrifice. Sacrificial products such as pigs, cows and sheep. Jade, jade and silk fabrics. 16 Plus: If you falsely report 17, you must believe: you must rely on the truth (tell God). Faithfulness, Faithfulness 18 Small Faithfulness is not realized (fú): (This is only a small contribution, which cannot convince the gods. Blessing, being convinced, trusting 19 blessing: nouns are used as verbs to bless. Prison 20: Litigation. 2 1 although: even if. 22 inspection: clear inspection. 23 feelings: judge according to facts. Loyalty and Righteousness: This is a matter of doing one's job well. Be loyal and try your best to do your duty. Yes, I can fight at the age of 25: I can fight with it and I can fight with this condition. If you fight, please allow me to follow. Ride with him: Duke Zhuang of Lu rides with him in a chariot. , refers to Cao Gui. 28 tablespoons: Shandong place name, in the northeast of Laiwu, Shandong. Drum: Nouns as verbs, beating drums to move forward. 30 defeat: big defeat. 3 1 chizhi: catch up with the qi army. 32 Tracks (zhé): Tracks with wheels rolling on the ground. Stone 33: The crossbar in front of the ancient carriage was used as the armrest for passengers. This refers to the crossbar in front of the car. 34 chase: chase, chase. 35 grams: It's already lost. Yes, it has already started. 36 reasons: reasons, reasons. 37 (fú) War, Brave also: Use soldiers to rely on courage. Assembly: beating gongs and drums for the first time (can) cheer (soldiers). Cheer up. 39 again: the second time. Tired: (Morale) Tired: Full. Here refers to high morale. 4 1 test: estimate, guess. 42 volts: ambush. 43 mi (mǐ): Fall down. 44 people will fiddle with: first, suffix verbs.
In the spring of the tenth year of Duke Zhuang of Lu, the Qi army was ready to attack the state of Lu, and Duke Zhuang of Lu wanted to fight. Cao Gui asked to meet Duke Zhuang of Lu. His compatriot said, "This is something planned by the authorities. Why do you want to participate?" Cao Gui said: "People in power are short-sighted, so they can't think ahead." So he went to appear before Duke Zhuang of Lu. Cao Gui asked, "Why do you want to fight with Qi?" Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "If you dare not have food, clothing and health, you must give it to others." Cao Gui replied: "Small kindness can't be spread to the people, and the people won't obey you." Duke Zhuang of Lu said, "I never dare to make a false report about the sacrifices for sacrifice. I must tell God the truth. " Cao Gui said: "A small contribution can't convince the Holy Spirit, and the gods won't bless it." Lv Zhuanggong said: "Even if you can't see all the litigation cases, you should judge them according to the facts." Cao Gui said, "I have done my duty in this matter. I can play (with this condition). If I fight, please allow me to follow. " Duke Zhuang of Lu and Cao Gui rode in the same car and fought against the Qi army in the ladle. Duke Zhuang of Lu was about to beat the drum and said, "No." After beating the drum three times, Qi Jun said, "It's time." The Qi army was defeated, and Duke Zhuang of Lu was about to order the pursuit. Cao Gui said, "No." He got off the chariot, looked at the traces of the Qi army chariot on the ground, got on the chariot again, looked at the defeated Qi army on the crossbar, and said, "Nothing." So Duke Zhuang of Lu ordered the pursuit of the Qi army. After defeating Qi, Duke Zhuang of Lu asked why he won. Cao Gui replied, "Fighting depends on courage. Drumming for the first time can inspire soldiers' courage; The morale of the second drum marching decreased; Drumming for the third time, morale is exhausted. Their morale has been exhausted, and our morale is high, so we beat them. A big country (such as Qi) is unpredictable. I'm afraid they have an ambush. I saw their car in a mess. When I saw their flag falling from a distance, I chased it. "