Asymptomatic hemorrhoids do not need treatment; Symptomatic hemorrhoids do not need radical cure; Non-surgical treatment is the main method.

(1) General treatment is suitable for most hemorrhoids, including the initial stage of thrombotic and incarcerated hemorrhoids. Pay attention to diet, avoid spicy wine, increase fibrous food, eat more fruits and vegetables, drink more water, change bad defecation habits, keep defecation unobstructed, take laxatives when necessary, and clean anus after defecation. For prolapsed hemorrhoids, pay attention to gently hold the hemorrhoid block by hand to prevent it from coming out again. Avoid sedentary, exercise properly, warm water (which may contain potassium permanganate), and take a bath before going to bed.

(2) Topical medication has been widely used, including suppositories, ointments and lotions, most of which contain traditional Chinese medicine.

(3) Generally, oral drugs are used to treat varicose veins.

(4) Injection therapy has a good effect on ⅰ and ⅱ degree internal hemorrhoid bleeding; Injection of sclerosing agent around submucosal venous plexus causes inflammatory reaction and fibrosis, thus closing varicose veins; 1 month can be repeated to avoid necrosis caused by injecting sclerosing agent into mucosa.

(5) physiotherapy laser therapy, cryotherapy, direct current therapy, copper ion electrochemical therapy, microwave thermocoagulation therapy and infrared coagulation therapy are rarely used.

(6) Tie the hemorrhoid root with a rubber band to block its blood supply and make the hemorrhoid fall off and die; It is suitable for II and III degree internal hemorrhoids, especially for giant internal hemorrhoids and fibrotic internal hemorrhoids.

2. Surgical therapy

(1) Surgical indications are that conservative treatment is ineffective, hemorrhoid prolapse is serious, and injection treatment of internal hemorrhoids with large fibrosis is poor, complicated with anal fissure and anal fistula.

(2) The principle of operation is to restore the prolapsed anal pad by operation, and to preserve the structure of the anal pad as much as possible, so as to minimize the influence on the fine defecation control ability after operation;

(3) When there is ulcer or infection on the surface of internal hemorrhoid before operation, conservative treatment should be performed with laxatives and warm water, and surgery should be performed after the ulcer heals; Do intestinal preparation.

(4) Operation mode ① Thrombotic external hemorrhoid dissection is suitable for patients whose pain has not been relieved or the tumor has not shrunk after conservative treatment of thrombotic external hemorrhoid. ② The traditional hemorrhoidectomy is external dissection and internal ligation. ③ Hemorrhoidectomy (Whitehead), a classic operation in textbooks, is easy to lead to anal stenosis, which is rarely used in clinic at present. ④PPH operation: prolapse and hemorrhoids with stapler. Created by Italian doctor Longo, 1998 has been popularized, and it is mainly suitable for prolapsed Ⅲ-Ⅳ mixed hemorrhoid, annular hemorrhoid and partial Ⅱ internal hemorrhoid with severe bleeding. The mechanism of PPH in the treatment of prolapsed hemorrhoids is as follows: annular resection of 2 ~ 3 cm mucosa and submucosa tissue at the lower end of rectum to restore normal anatomical structure, that is, anal cushion reflux; Submucosal tissue resection blocked the blood supply of superior hemorrhoid artery to hemorrhoid area, which made hemorrhoid shrink after operation. Compared with traditional hemorrhoidectomy, PPH has the advantages of shorter operation time, less postoperative pain, faster recovery and fewer complications, but the equipment is more expensive.

(5) Observe whether there are any complications after operation, pay attention to diet and keep the stool unobstructed.