Maybe you think it's time to start talking about "tea" next. Well, although I'd like to, I always feel that as a reading comprehension training in the college entrance examination mode, we should not rush into it. Personally, I think that one of the author's intentions in writing this novel is to "awaken" our long-term memory of reading and understanding this literary style. Why do you say that? It is because, after reading the real questions of Shanghai Chinese College Entrance Examination in recent five years, I found that the second place in modern Chinese reading was actually "prose"! In recent years, most of the corresponding sections on the model test papers of senior three are "compositions"! This means that while we are familiar with prose reading, there may be "hidden worries" in novel reading. Although there are many aspects to talk about in novel reading, I can't go into them one by one due to time constraints. I think I can talk about the plot arrangement, environmental description, plot and title function of the novel, combined with the evaluation and analysis of the content and emotion of the novel.
Before talking about tea, please pay attention to the author Ling Shuhua. She and Bing Xin are outstanding contemporary women, and their main identities are short story writers, which means that her works should conform to the writing characteristics of "short space, concise plot, concentrated characters and exquisite structure". Mr. Mao Dun pointed out in particular that "short stories mainly capture a typical segment of life to illustrate a much broader and more complicated problem or social phenomenon than itself." The implication is that for this kind of works, we should not take the events depicted in the works as facts, but find out the relationship between a group of specific people and the times and society reflected behind them, and the author's feelings about it-praise, criticism, sympathy or contempt. These are precisely the value of the work itself, so we should pay attention to and understand whether our reading is aimed at the language training of the college entrance examination.
The first step to approach the novel Tea is to sort out the main plot of the story. Although the second part of Modern Literature Reading is not as clear and logical as the first social science book, grasping the main plot of the full text is still the premise of understanding all aspects of literary works (such as characters, emotions, writing techniques, etc.). ). Speaking of it, the plot of this "Tea" is relatively clear. Personally, it can be divided into four parts in chronological order. The first part: After the play, Fang Ying recalled the process of going to the movies last night and a series of gentle and considerate actions of Shu Zhen's brother (Wang Bin), and could not help but feel heartbroken. For her who is no longer young, it seems that she has heard the footsteps of love. Part II: Today, Shu Zhen's brother and sister came to Fang Ying's house to sit for a while, and then they went to the park to listen to music. Wherever she is, Fang Ying feels that Shu Zhen's brother is respectful and considerate to her, and the footsteps of love seem to be in her ear. Part III: A week later, Fang Ying, who fell in love with someone, suddenly received an invitation that Shu Zhen's brother was getting married. At that moment, her tears washed away the footsteps of auditory love. Part IV: Shu Zhen arrives later and invites Fang Ying, whose mood is close to freezing point, to join the bride. I shared an "interesting story" with her unwittingly-Miss Huang's lame second wife asked someone to propose to her brother, but because she mistakenly took his foreign gentleman's etiquette for women as a signal of "begging for the phoenix", she had to swallow "it was a mistake after all" silently.
It should be noted that after combing the plot, we should have a preliminary understanding of this novel-this "preliminary" is only in terms of the reading process. In fact, because the theme is obvious, we should know more about it-unfortunately, it is not another "Mr. Huang's lame two" immersed in tradition. Although she wanted to make progress and be free, the gap was overwhelming in front of most people in that era. Perhaps this is the era, society and the living conditions of women like Fang Ying that the author Ling Shuhua wants to convey to us through this novel. In this regard, I think what remains in readers' minds is a joke that contemporary people don't understand the meaning of "Fang Ying" in the old times, two points are sympathy for the unfortunate love of "Fang Ying", and the remaining seven points are humanistic care for "Fang Ying" who is eager for progress but really closed in that era as a whole.
Ok, let's look at the following four topics. The first question is, "The ninth paragraph says' the flower shadow on the window'. What is the artistic effect? Analyze with underlined sentences. " We must first make it clear that this question refers to "the role of environmental description". Common functions include the following five aspects: 1. Explain social background; Second, it plays up the atmosphere, reflects the inner activities of the characters, and sets off the behavioral activities of the characters, thus revealing the characters' personalities and setting off or setting off the characters' images-this seems to be very long, but in the final analysis, it is "serving people". After all, "all scenes and words are sentimental"; Third, promote the development of the plot; Fourth, deepen the theme of the article; Fifth, increase the authenticity of the article (referring to the detailed environmental description). Although not every topic about "the role of environmental description" has these five functions, they should be our "knowledge reserve" before answering such questions and the premise guarantee for answering questions in a targeted manner. Let's take a look at the description in Flower Shadow on the Window-"The flower shadow on the window is swaying due to the sunshine, and the flower branches are swaying due to the breeze. The most distinctive features are" swaying "and" elegant manners "(although written on the flower branches, there are naturally shadows)." Beautiful posture "easily reminds us of the hero Fang Ying. Isn't she a touching girl? But the problem is "fooling", not always maintaining a good one. This urges us to think about what "flicker" is-so it is not enough to just look at this sentence describing the environment, but to understand it in context. We saw the contents of Fang Ying's grooming written on it, which wrote, "When I am in the middle of Fang Fei, I will think that I am in' self-pity'; Time flies like water, and my eyes are full of tears. I think of the movie I saw last night. At the sight of whispering, my face was a little hot and my heart jumped. "Oh, we finally understand that Fang Ying was sad at the age of" a beautiful flower can be folded straight ".There was no love, but the years passed in a hurry and the whole person suddenly became an old maid. And the thought of the subtle details of dating Shu Zhen's brother last night made the whole person excited about love-this group of contradictory feelings constituted the "flickering" of the "shadow on the window". Therefore, we can organize language to answer this question-"The swaying and graceful writing of the flower shadow on the window is mainly to show the sad memory of Fang Ying's youth and the heartache of love arrival, and the two emotions are subtly intertwined. "Maybe some students want to ask," Open, why is your answer not exactly the same as the reference answer? "I want to say that I have made it clear to you how to infer my answer step by step. And the reference answer says "show the ups and downs of the hero's emotions"-"What emotions?" "What is ups and downs? Obviously this is an ambiguous expression. I can't say that the sentence "implying the uncertainty of the hero's love" is definitely wrong, but how can we directly link the "flower shadow on the window" with the "uncertainty of love"? Only people who have deep skills in novel reading can understand it, but the problem is that this is an ordinary exam question, at least for most students' ability to answer questions. Why is it so hard to understand? At the moment, I want to tell you by this topic-when we do the problem, we should have ideas and methods, and we should answer it reasonably, instead of "following our feelings" and forgetting the knowledge and confidence we learned in senior high school for three years. This is reasonable. As for the so-called reference answer, it is really "for reference only", and the answer we can't think of over and over again is still left to the questioner.
What is the second topic of this exercise? Duan told the story of' Mr. Huang's lame leg', which seems to have nothing to do with the full text. Try to analyze the function of this paragraph in the article. "In short, this is a topic about the role of the plot. So, what are the plot functions in the novel? Firstly, explain the environment of the characters' activities; Second, set suspense to stimulate readers' interest in reading; Third, side contrast, paving the way for the subsequent plot development; Fourth, take care of the last article; Fifth, as a clue or promote the development of the plot; Sixth, portray the character; Seventh, express the main idea or deepen the theme. Combined with our previous combing of the story, it is not difficult to see that the so-called "irrelevant" is not the main line on the surface, but in fact it is the "finishing touch" for Fang Ying to suddenly wake up alone in the dreamland of love. Without it, the will of this novel would be impossible. Then, let's first explain what the story of "Miss Huang's lame leg" is about-"Miss Huang's lame leg was suggested by her brother because he mistakenly took the etiquette of his foreign gentleman towards women as a signal of his love" (of course, as long as the ideographic expression is the same, it can be answered as a reference answer, and all the following answers can also be used); Then it is pointed out that this plot is really related to the content of the full text-"although it is not the main line of description, it is an important explanation for the repeated misunderstanding of love in the previous paragraph, and points out the ignorance of western gentleman manners"-although this answer seems to be to the point, it is actually just "practical". Don't forget, we quoted Mr. Mao Dun before-"Short stories mainly capture a typical life segment to illustrate a much broader and more complicated problem or social phenomenon than itself." Yes, the protagonist in a novelist's novel is never "lonely", but the representative of several realistic prototypes. For example, when we talk about the theme of O'Henry's The Last Ivy Leaf, we will say that "the novel shows the feelings of the people at the bottom represented by Old Berman and Su Ai"-the implication is that "Old Berman" and "Su Ai" are disgraceful. Knowing this, let's go back to the problem of "Miss Huang's lame leg". Fang Ying and Miss Huang's Lame have the same spiritual experience. Therefore, in the end, we have to point out that Fang Ying, who yearned for freedom and progress, was still trapped in traditional etiquette, but they showed an incompatible modality to the cultural concepts from the West at that time. As for the reference answer, "The change of social trend and the popularity of' gentleman culture and male-female communication' in the west are the liberation of thoughts or the hurt of feelings for traditional women in China. "There is no substantial difference between my personal feeling and the answer I gave. As for whether the expression is clever or not, in principle, it is not in the judgment of gain and loss.
Next, let's take a look at the following topic-"The title of the novel is' eating tea', but the author has not specifically developed the plot of' eating tea'. Explore the intention of this article with the topic of' eating tea'. " It is not difficult to see that the "intention" here is close to the "function" and it is a question about the function of the topic. What does the title usually do? First of all, summarize the main contents of the article; Second, explain the environment and background of the story; Third, as a clue to the article, promote the development of the plot; Fourth, determine the writing object and the emotional tone of the article as the starting point of the author's feelings; Fifth, there are puns; Sixth, as a literary eye, reveal the central theme of the article; Seventh, set suspense to arouse readers' interest in reading, or be philosophical and thought-provoking. Let's take a closer look at the topic, "The author didn't specifically develop the plot of' having tea'". The implication is that there are always places where' tea' is mentioned. So, to answer this question, we might as well find out where' tea' is mentioned-'for example? Paragraph "Fang Ying makes tea", paragraph? The joke' Wang Bin talks about tea', the joke? Duan "Huang invites tea" and so on. Therefore, one of the most obvious intentions of the topic "Eating Tea" is to "promote the development of the story as a clue to writing", and it is also "a carrier to show Fang Ying's traditional thought and the manners of foreign gentlemen of Shu Zhen brothers" (such as the first paragraph? It is very respectful to see Shu Zhen's brother sitting there drinking tea. On this basis, it is thought-provoking to say that "Fang Ying's misunderstanding of etiquette communication between the opposite sex in foreign cultures has deepened", which is a further interpretation of the text. Although students may not be able to answer, they can also try to incorporate this "extended explanation" into their future thinking. As for the two meanings given in the reference answer-"Eating tea is not only people's daily activities, but also the carrier of culture" and "It not only embodies the rules of western foreign culture, but also contains the customs of China's traditional culture", although they can be regarded as part of the "cultural background" of the story, with all due respect, I personally think that these two functions are not obvious, or they can be combined into the two meanings I gave before.
Finally, let's take a look at the topic of "analyzing the content and emotion of novels with evaluation"-"Shen Congwen said when evaluating Ling Shuhua's novels,' She (Ling Shuhua) can keep a writer calm, but there is often a sympathetic smile shadow in the faint irony'. Combine the content of the novel and talk about your understanding of this evaluation. " After combing the plot of the full text and completing the analysis of the first three questions, the answer to this question about the writing style of the work also "surfaced"-we just want to find out what "subtle irony" and "compassionate smile" mean in the text. Of course, before completing this step, we should briefly summarize the content of the novel: "Fang Ying, who has been bound by traditional ideology and culture for a long time, misunderstood the Shu Zhen brotherhood etiquette originated from foreign gentlemen's treatment of women and silently suffered the bitter fruit of wishful love." Obviously, the author's "light irony" is "pointing out the ignorance of traditional Fang Ying under cultural differences" and "compassionate smile" is "the sympathy and sincere humanistic care of a traditional woman like the author Ying, which is incompatible with the cultural concept from the West at that time"-because this "ignorance" is not caused by women's own problems at that time, but by the limitations of the times and traditional concepts. Although they themselves are eager to get rid of this embarrassing situation, the road is "long and". Therefore, while the author made us laugh, we also deeply lamented the individual destiny of people in that era. I think this is the value and charm of this novel.
To sum up, I briefly analyzed the text of this novel and related topics, hoping to help the students. Of course, just listening to the lecture at the moment, I may feel "clear-headed" at the moment, and I seem to know. However, I personally think that to truly understand an article, make clear the stylistic features it represents, and the ideas and methods to answer related "typed questions", we still need to carefully ponder after class and internalize it into our own reading and expression ability. Although I also understand that you are a senior in high school, and you have a lot of academic pressure, so you don't have much time for repeated deliberation, but I think that since you have started from the runway of thinking, instead of running around, it is better to run down this road-when students fully understand the typical text and related topics, they will be certain and calm when they encounter similar ones in the future. So why not?