Rehabilitation policy in the early Han dynasty

Four questions: 1. What is the rest policy? Second, why did the rulers in the early Han Dynasty adopt the policy of recuperation? Third, the remaining policy measures. Fourth, the role of the rest policy. The purpose of this design is to guide students to carry out research-based learning, so that teachers can catch the spark of students' thinking in time, make students' thinking dynamic and make knowledge digested and understood.

After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, the policy of rest and recuperation was implemented by the rulers, in order to maintain the people's strength, multiply the population, restore and develop the economy and stabilize the rule. There are two reasons for the policy of recuperation in the early Han Dynasty (writing on the blackboard):

Reasons: ① Political and economic embarrassment (blackboard writing)

② Learn the lesson of Qin's death.

Who can give an example?

At that time, the country was very poor, and the emperor could not even find four horses of the same color, so he had to take an ox cart. "The people lost their homework and starved to death. Five thousand stones per meter, people ate each other, and more than half died." There are desolate scenery everywhere. Faced with this reality, the rulers in the early Han Dynasty could only achieve long-term stability by abolishing the harsh laws of Qin Dynasty, sharing interests with the people and restoring social economy. In addition, Liu Bang himself personally participated in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty and witnessed the process of Qin's demise. He paid attention to drawing lessons from Qin's death. He asked Lu Jia to write some articles to analyze why the Qin Dynasty lost the world and why it was able to win it. So Lu Jia wrote several articles and presented them to Emperor Gaozu, called Xinyu. Every time he plays an article, Gaudi "has no doubt that he is good". He wrote in "The Fourth Inaction": "Qin Shihuang designated it as the punishment for cracking the car. Building the Great Wall in Jingrong, preparing for the Moon Lake, conquering the big ones and swallowing the small ones will make the world a great success. ..... The more annoying things, the more chaotic the world is, the more aggressive the laws are, the more violent the rapes are, and the more soldiers and horses there are, the more enemies there are. Qin Fei doesn't want to rule, but the loser is very violent and the punishment is too extreme. " It seems that he suggested that Liu Bang give farmers more time to farm, be lenient in punishment, and share the interest with the people. Therefore, Liu Bang adopted a policy of recuperation.

What are the policies and measures for recuperation? Students read and answer.

Politically: eradicate the king with different surnames

Financially: Be careful of punishment.

In the Chu-Han War, in order to win, Liu Bang won the morale of the army and enfeoffed the Seven Chivalrous Men. Because he is not Liu, he changed his surname to Wang. After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Yongbing, a different surname, was self-respecting, autocratic, opposed to the central authorities and even attempted rebellion. So Liu Bang made an oath that "Liu shall not be king" and made a decision that "Liu must be king and the world is ruled by * * *". Eliminate the king with different surnames and stabilize the situation in the border areas. Economically, his policy of attaching importance to agriculture and restraining business included: a large number of soldiers returned to their hometowns and returned to their old homes in old fields. Shu Ren avoided selling himself as a handmaiden, restrained businessmen and reduced the land rent to 1% of the 15% tax. The small print that guides students to read further shows that the recuperation policy in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty lightened the burden on farmers, and it is not difficult to introduce the functions of the recuperation policy: it increased the agricultural labor force, mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers, and promoted the economic recovery and development in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. (Underlined part of blackboard writing)

Since Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, Emperor Hui of Han Dynasty and Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty have maintained stable policies, continued to implement the policy of recuperation, and recovered their social economy. The first situation that China feudal society managed the world was "the rule of culture and scenery".