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Teaching purpose: through learning, let students know about the flu and know the prevention methods of the flu.

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Spring is flu season. Influenza, referred to as influenza for short, is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza A, B and C viruses respectively. The most remarkable epidemiological characteristics of influenza are: sudden outbreak, rapid spread, wide spread and strong seasonality (the epidemic situation in northern China generally occurs in winter, and it mostly occurs in summer and winter in southern China). The highest infection rate is among teenagers, and the high-risk group is elderly, weak or chronically ill. How to effectively prevent influenza?

First of all, we should have a clear understanding of the flu. An acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus is called "influenza". It occurs all year round, with high incidence in winter and spring. The infectivity is the strongest in 2-3 days after the first onset, and gradually improves in 3-4 days. It is highly contagious and changeable, with the characteristics of sudden onset, rapid spread, large number of infected people and short epidemic process. Clinical manifestations include high fever, muscle pain and mild respiratory symptoms. Infants and the elderly are prone to pneumonia. Chinese medicine calls flu "seasonal cold" and "sick or angry."

Secondly, we should take a proactive attitude or take effective protective measures. China is rich in TCM health preserving contents. Preventive measures are various and should be considered from the following aspects.

Combination of indoor and outdoor sports

According to the climate, personal physique and time, adopt flexible exercise methods suitable for personal needs. The ancients said, "the fittest is suitable for people." Such as Tai Ji Chuan, Baduanjin and Wuqinxi. And pay attention to the amount of activity also depends on physical fitness, not excessive, excessive counterproductive, the philosopher said: "everything is measured, excessive is not acceptable." Hua Tuo said: "The human body wants to work hard, but it should not be extreme." It is necessary to strengthen the exercise of keeping out the cold, such as washing your nose with cold water. Rub cold water on your upper body. The old man in Ma Yinchu took a bath by alternating hot and cold water, but he lived for a long time and became ill. Pay attention to keep warm in winter, keep the indoor temperature not too high or too low, put on clothes in time when going out, and wear a mask when necessary.

Second, keep the indoor air fresh.

Open the window for ventilation every day, clean it frequently, and keep the indoor environment and personal hygiene. Change your toothbrush frequently, wash your hands frequently, and stay in bed when you have a cold. If possible, live alone in a room and cook vinegar indoors. Don't go to public places to avoid infecting others. Drink more water, rest more, eat some digestible food, and eat more Chinese cabbage, radish, coriander, mutton, onion, ginger and fresh vegetables and fruits in winter and spring. Keep your stomach healthy. Wear a mask when you need to go out with the flu, avoid sneezing with your hands, and don't shake hands with people after the flu. Burn your feet with hot water every night.

Third, keep enough sleep.

Adequate sleep is the basic requirement to ensure the normal physiological function of the human body, and it is the premise to grow energetic and maintain full spirit. If you don't get enough sleep in an unhealthy lifestyle such as staying up late playing cards, your body will be in a sub-health state, and your ability to keep out the cold will naturally decline, making you vulnerable to the flu.

Fourth, don't neglect to keep warm and drink plenty of cold.

When the weather is cold in winter and spring, people don't add clothes in time, which is a common situation in people's lives. It should be pointed out that cold drinks or cold beer should not be used too much in winter. The ancients said, "Drinking cold with cold hurts the lungs." Emphasize neglecting to keep warm, and drinking a lot of cold will hurt the lungs. In winter and spring, special attention should be paid to the insulation of the lower body, and the ankle can be rotated frequently to improve the blood circulation of the lower limbs.