Asexual reproduction refers to the process of directly producing new individuals from the mother without the combination of hermaphroditic germ cells. The way plants propagate with vegetative organs such as roots, stems and leaves is called vegetative propagation, which is the most common way of asexual propagation. Common methods of asexual reproduction include cutting, grafting and layering. Sexual reproduction refers to the process in which bisexual germ cells combine with egg cells to form fertilized eggs. The fertilized egg develops into an embryo, which is the main structure of the seed.

So, the answer is: cutting, grafting, layering.