With the development of the times, it is very important for more women to have the awareness of breast protection, and it is very important to develop the habit of regular breast maintenance. The best way is to take preventive health care measures as soon as possible.

Professional knowledge courseware of chest maintenance 1 Understanding breasts

Breast has been a symbol of female beauty since ancient times. For adult women, it is not only a symbol of sex and parenting, but also a part closely related to life. But at the same time, the breast is very fragile, and its resistance is 25% lower than other organs of the human body. In the decades from development to decline, the breast is affected by various factors from inside and outside, which can be described as "disastrous". Because the breast is located near the largest lymph node group in the upper body, it can easily become a hotbed of many diseases. Breast pain, lump, breast hyperplasia, breast X and so on are plaguing the physical and mental health of countless women.

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, about 6.5438+0.2 million women suffer from breast diseases every year, 500,000 women die of breast X every year, and almost one person dies of breast X every minute. In China, 76.4% of adult women suffer from breast diseases in different degrees, and four out of every ten adult women suffer from breast diseases in different degrees, and the incidence rate is on the rise. The most fatal incidence of breast X is one in nine women, and the number of people who die of breast X in China is as high as 200,000 every year!

Theoretical article

The first question: Why do you want to do breast enhancement projects?

I. Column data:

1, 2 million women worldwide suffer from breast diseases every year;

2. 500,000 women worldwide die of breast X every year;

Every 26 seconds, a woman is diagnosed with breast X!

4. Almost every 1 minute, a woman dies of breast X.

5. The youngest patient found clinically is only 14 years old.

China has become a "high incidence area" for breast X!

-The data comes from the World Health Organization (WHO) global survey of female breast diseases.

According to incomplete statistics, about 50% of women in China suffer from breast diseases of different degrees, of which about 200,000 women suffer from breast X every year, and more than 40,000 women die. Its mortality rate is increasing at a rate of 3% every year, making it the fastest growing cancer in China in recent years.

Saving breasts, saving lives and saving beauty is not only a war in the medical field, but also a war in the soul! We call on more women to have the awareness of breast protection and develop the habit of regular breast maintenance. The best way is to take preventive health care measures as soon as possible, and the sooner breast care is done, the better!

Expert warning: 1 in every 4 patients with breast hyperplasia may become breast X! If women can't face up to and treat breast hyperplasia at an early stage, they may end up at the expense of their lives! For women, breasts are not only about beauty, but also about life!

Second, the breast itself (subjective factors)

1, the immunity of breast is 20%-30% lower than that of other organs (except reproductive organs);

2. After a woman gives birth, her body immunity drops by 30%-40%;

Many animals lost their lives because of childbirth. Such as many insects (such as silkworm moths, ephemera, etc. ), wood frog, salmon, etc.

Salmon, in order to breed, not only consumes a lot of nutrients in the body, so it dies of exhaustion, but also risks its life to swim to the upper reaches of the river.

1, breasts are a woman's second face.

Face problems affect women's external beauty, while chest problems are not only unattractive, but also threaten women's lives.

2. The bust is the first of the three sizes.

(1) China people pay attention to face, while foreigners pay attention to figure, so foreigners generally have more S-shaped curves than China people.

(2) Men look at women: 20-year-old men look at women's faces first; A 30-year-old man looks at a woman's chest first; A 40-year-old man looks at a woman first at her hips!

The breast is located between the second and sixth ribs of the chest, with the inner edge close to the sternum and the outer edge reaching the front of the armpit. The breast is located between the 4th or 5th ribs, outside the clavicle midline 1CM.

Milk: It consists of dense connective tissue and smooth muscle. When there is mechanical stimulation, smooth muscle contracts, which can make the milk erect, squeeze and transport the milk point, and discharge its contents.

Areola: Hair and glands, including sweat glands, sebaceous glands and mammary glands, whose sebaceous glands are also called areola glands. Secretion has the function of protecting skin, lubricating milk and baby's lips.

The internal structure of breast is mainly composed of glands, ducts, adipose tissue and fibrous connective tissue, and its internal structure is like a small tree growing upside down. The mammary gland consists of 15-20 gland lobes, each gland lobe is divided into several gland lobules, and each gland lobule consists of 10- 100 acinus. These acinus are closely arranged around the small mammary duct, and the openings of acinus are connected with the small mammary duct. A plurality of small mammary ducts are combined into interlobular mammary ducts, and the interlobular mammary ducts are combined into a whole glandular lobe mammary duct, which is also called milk conveying duct. There are 15-20 mammary ducts, which are radially arranged around the milk, gather in the areola and open to the milk, and are called mammary ducts. The mammary duct narrows at the breast and then expands into ampulla, which is called ductal sinus and has the function of storing milk. There are stratified squamous epithelial cells at the opening of mammary duct, de-epithelial cells at the stenosis, double columnar epithelium at all levels below ampulla, cubic epithelium near acinus at the terminal duct, and the cubic epithelium is lined with acinus.

Gland: it has the function of secreting milk, mainly secreted by glandular lobules. The number of acinus in glandular lobe affects the size of breast.

Catheter: Also known as mammary duct or mammary duct, the catheter mainly has the functions of conveying nutrients and storing milk.

Connective tissue: the breast is located between the superficial layer and the deep layer of the superficial fascia under the skin. Also known as suspensory ligament and Cooper ligament. Support the breasts. When doing radical mastectomy, fascia and muscle of pectoralis major should be removed together. Connective tissue combines with pectoral muscle, which is the tissue that hangs the breast. It has no elasticity at all, and once it is stretched excessively, it is difficult to recover from tissue breakage, resulting in sagging breasts. In addition, the breast is rich in blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves, which play a role in the nutrition and metabolism of the breast.

With the accelerated pace of life, many women are as busy as a bee every day, paying little attention to their own health care and even ignoring the health care of their breasts. However, experts pointed out that women's breasts need lifelong care, and each period has its distinctive characteristics and nursing priorities.

Infantile period: the whole baby's breast is at rest. However, about a week after birth, 60% of newborn babies have induration the size of broad beans under their milk, bilateral mammary glands are enlarged, and sometimes even a small amount of secretions overflow.

★ Nursing principle: no squeezing, no rubbing, let nature take its course. After about 3 weeks, the baby adjusted her internal balance, and her breasts naturally returned to normal and entered a static period.

Puberty: Breast changes: From the age of 9- 10, due to the stimulation of ovarian hormone secretion, breast nuclei appear and gradually increase, and basically take shape at the age of 15.

★ Caring principle: Seize opportunities and assist development. Although the size of the breast has a great relationship with heredity, laying a good foundation at this time will also have extraordinary play.

Adult: Breast changes: 7- 10 days before menstruation, under the influence of estrogen in the body, breast lobules swell, ducts dilate and breasts swell, until the hormone level decreases during menstruation, and the breasts gradually recover, and return to normal 7-8 days after menstruation.

★ Nursing principle: stay away from spicy stimulation within one week before menstruation, and try to eat light and high-fiber food to avoid excessive menstrual hormones and aggravate breast pain.

Pregnancy: breast changes: the influence of estrogen and progesterone in the body begins to increase, and the degree of breast development during pregnancy is one of the important factors that determine the amount of milk secretion.

★ Nursing principle: breast massage during pregnancy. After 6 months of pregnancy, the method is to hold the breast by hand, massage from the bottom of the breast to the direction of the breast, and rub the milk to increase its toughness.

Breastfeeding: breast changes: within 2-3 days after delivery, under the action of prolactin, the secretion activity of breast lobules increases, and milk is secreted alternately, and the breast expands rapidly and becomes firm. With the establishment of regular breastfeeding, breasts will be regularly filled and emptied, and then filled and emptied.

★ Nursing principle: Postpartum milk is easy to stagnate, leading to breast nodules and even acute mastitis. Before each breast-feeding, rubbing or hot compress on the breast will help clear the breast passage.

After middle age: breast changes: because the hormones secreted by the ovaries begin to decrease, the breasts gradually shrink due to lack of estrogen stimulation, glands are gradually replaced by adipose tissue, and the breast volume becomes smaller, even if it increases, the fat is increasing.

★ Nursing principle: At this time, the incidence of breast diseases is increasing, and professional examinations should be done regularly. If you suddenly have abnormal sensation, changes in breast size and shape, and galactorrhea, please seek medical attention immediately.

hyperplasia of mammary glands

Due to endocrine disorders, ductal epithelial cells, interstitial cells and fibrous tissue of the breast proliferate, which changes the normal tissue structure and normal physiological function of the breast. In China, cystic degeneration is rare, mostly glandular hyperplasia, so it is called mammary gland hyperplasia. Hyperplastic mass is flaky, nodular, granular or cord-shaped, with unclear boundary and tenderness. The mass increases before menstruation and shrinks and softens after menstruation. Periodic breast pain, especially before menstruation.

mastitis

1) acute mastitis: acute mastitis caused by the invasion of purulent bacteria into the breast, mainly during lactation.

When breastfeeding, I feel tingling, mainly manifested as redness, swelling, heat, pain, swelling and tenderness of axillary lymph nodes, and pus can be drawn in the later stage to form pustules.

2) plasma cell mastitis: non-bacterial infection is the accumulation of fatty substances in the catheter, which leads to a large number of plasma cells infiltration. It is characterized by breast swelling and pain, no redness and swelling of the skin, unclear boundary of the mass, and adhesion with the skin, much like breast X.

Fibroadenoma

The occurrence of fibroma is mostly related to the increase of estrogen. The lump is round or oval, painless, smooth surface, clear boundary, tough texture, non-adhesion with skin and surrounding tissues, easy to push, slow growth and not affected by menstrual cycle.

1) galactorrhea cyst: a cyst formed when the catheter is blocked during lactation and milk stays in the catheter tissue.

The mass is round or oval, with smooth surface, cystic feeling, clear boundary, strong fluidity and no adhesion to skin.

2) Simple cyst: A cyst is produced because the secretion of mammary gland stays in the duct tissue.

Intraductal breast tumor

Single or multiple occurrences occur in the dilated mammary duct near the breast. Tumors are small, mostly below 1CM, and generally painless. Small lumps or nodules can be touched under the areola and its edge, which are soft and pushable, and bloody or serous liquid overflows when gently pressed.

Mammography

It is a painless lump of malignant tumor caused by ductal epithelial hyperplasia of breast, and it is the main symptom of X-ray of breast. It has irregular shape and unclear boundary, and can invade the skin to a certain extent, and there are depressions on the skin, which is called dimple sign. When the skin is thickened and edematous, an "orange peel change" is formed. The skin on the surface of the late lump is ulcerated, bleeding and smelly. Breast retraction, invagination, contralateral elevation, breast deformation. Some patients have galactorrhea, dull pain or tingling in different degrees, and axillary lymph node enlargement.

1, menarche earlier than 12 years old, menopause later than 55 years old or earlier than 40 years old.

2. Long-term mental depression or severe mental stimulation;

3. Not breastfeeding, never giving birth, primipara over 35 years old or single unmarried;

4, no sex life, apathy, poor quality of sex life.

5, often oral, external use of breast augmentation products or filling foreign bodies in the breast for breast plastic surgery;

6, there is a family history of cancer, especially the mother and sister have done breast X;

7. Suffering from benign breast diseases: such as hyperplasia of mammary glands, mastitis and fibroma of mammary glands;

8. Long-term high-fat and low-fiber diet and regular drinking;

9, particularly obese above the waist, waist circumference and hip circumference are similar,

10, abortion more than 3 times.

1 1, often exposed to radiation.

12, one breast has breast X.

1, papaya, fish, meat, fresh milk and other foods rich in protein can strengthen the chest.

2. Seeds and nuts such as soybeans, peanuts, almonds, peach kernels, sesame seeds and millet are all effective breast enhancement foods, so you may wish to eat more.

3. Oranges, grapes, grapefruit, tomatoes and other foods containing vitamin C can prevent breast deformation.

4. Celery, walnuts, red kidney beans and other foods containing vitamin E are helpful for chest development.

5. Broccoli, cauliflower, sunflower oil and other foods containing vitamin A are beneficial to hormone secretion.

6. Foods containing vitamin B, such as beef, milk, beans and pig liver, also contribute to hormone synthesis.

7, milk stewed chicken-milk stewed chicken can have the effect of breast enhancement.

Manipulate articles

In addition to skilled communication skills, beauticians should also master the most basic skills of beauticians-massage techniques. So, beauticians, do you know what kind of chest massage is correct?

1, push the chest with one palm or two hands overlapping, and push it straight down from Tiantu point to navel. The manipulation is gradually aggravated and repeated for 1 ~ 2 minutes. It has the functions of broadening chest, smoothing qi and relieving depression.

2. Rub the upper chest horizontally, and rub it repeatedly on the upper chest with one palm, from the sternum handle level to the breast level.

3. Massage the pectoralis major. Sit with your left leg on your right thigh and your left forearm naturally on your left thigh to relax the pectoralis major. Press or massage the outside of the left pectoralis major muscle with your right hand from top to bottom for 1 ~ 2 minutes. Then rub the left pectoralis major muscle 1 min from the inside out with the radial side of the first metacarpal bone of the right hand or the four fingers together.

4. Press and knead the sternum. Massage the sternum with four fingers, focusing on the 2 ~ 5 intercostal area next to the sternum. The manipulation is gradually increased from light to heavy, lasting 1 ~ 2 minutes. This manipulation is beneficial to relieve sternal pain, prevent and treat heart and lung diseases, and regulate the normal function of human body.

5. Raise one hand and put it on the back of the head to massage the intercostal muscles, and the other hand massages every accessible intercostal space from the inside out, and repeat it for 3 times.

6. Clap the chest and cover the sternum (chest) acupoint with the palm of your left hand, and slam the back of your left hand with the palm of your right hand. The action should be elastic, repeat 3 times. Be gentle with heart patients. It can regulate and improve cardiopulmonary function and stimulate related nerves. I often feel comfortable after slapping.

7. Push both flanks and rub them with the roots of both palms 1 min. It has the function of soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen.

8. Push and knead the chest across the chest with both hands and palms, with one hand on top and the other hand on the bottom, alternately pushing and kneading back and forth for dozens of times. It has the functions of relaxing the chest, regulating qi, soothing the liver and relieving depression.

Professional knowledge of chest maintenance courseware 2 professional knowledge of chest maintenance that women must know

First, change your eating habits.

Adopt a low-fat and high-fiber diet and eat fiber from cereals (whole wheat), vegetables and beans.

Second, massage your breasts often.

Massage the breast gently, so that excess body fluids can flow back to the lymphatic system. When massaging, first apply soap to the breast, and rotate your fingers along the surface of the breast, which is about the size of a coin. Then press the breast in by hand and bounce it up, which is of great benefit to prevent breast discomfort.

Third, wear a solid bra.

In addition to preventing sagging breasts, the bra plays a more important role in preventing the oppressed breast nerves from being further compressed and eliminating discomfort. Careful sisters will find that those joggers wear solid bras for this health care reason.

Fourth, avoid diuretics.

Diuretics really help to expel fluids from the body and reduce breast swelling. But this immediate relief comes at a price. Excessive use of diuretics will lead to the loss of potassium, destroy the electrolyte balance and affect the formation of glucose.

Five, don't eat salty.

High-salt food is easy to make breasts swell, especially 7 ~ 10 days before menstruation.

Sixth, try hot compress.

Hot compress is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy, which can relieve breast pain through hot compress bag, hot water bag or hot water bath. If the cold and hot compress alternate method is adopted.

Seven, to prevent obesity.

For obese women, losing weight helps to relieve breast pain.

Eight, the chest is coated with castor oil.

Castor oil contains a substance that can improve T 1 1 lymphocyte function, and can accelerate the recovery of various infections and relieve pain. The method is: drop castor oil on the cotton cloth folded into four layers, so that it is covered with castor oil, but not too wet to avoid dripping everywhere. Apply this cloth to the breast, cover it with plastic film, and then put it in a hot compress bag. Adjust the hot compress bag to the heat you can bear and apply it for one hour.

Nine, vitamin intake.

Foods rich in vitamin C, calcium, magnesium and vitamin B should be taken in the diet. These vitamins help to regulate the production of prostaglandin E, and at the same time, eat less margarine, because the hydrogenated fat in it will interfere with the ability of transforming essential fatty acids (from food) into γ -linolenic acid (GIA).

Ten, stay away from coffee.

Can caffeine cause breast discomfort? It has not been confirmed yet. However, according to medical investigation, many women with breast pain and other benign symptoms have obviously improved their symptoms after abstaining from caffeine. Therefore, you should give up coffee completely, which means you should give up soda, chocolate, ice cream, tea and caffeine-containing painkillers completely.

XI. Avoid taking drugs.

Some people take some anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics to stop breast pain.

Chest maintenance professional knowledge courseware 3 benefits of chest maintenance.

1, breast massage can make breasts smooth and delicate.

When women massage, they can apply olive oil and moisturizing cream, which can have a good massage effect and make women's breasts more elastic and feel better.

2, breast massage can enhance immunity.

Thymus is about four fingers wide, from the lower part of subclavian depression to the neck. When rubbing the thymus, you can hold a hollow fist in both hands and rub it back and forth on both sides of the thymus. Doing this often can enhance women's immunity.

3, keep the chest solid, not sagging.

Many women will have sagging breasts after breastfeeding. If women can actively massage their breasts during or after breastfeeding, it will have a very good effect on keeping their breasts firm. Women can let their hands fold their breasts along the lower side of the breasts, and insist on doing it dozens of times a day, which can make the breasts more straight.

4, breast massage can find breast lumps as soon as possible.

Many women can't find breast problems in time. If women often massage their breasts, they can find breast lumps in time, so that breast problems can be found immediately and treated in time.

Breast massage during pregnancy can not only soften the breast, make the breast smooth, increase the smooth outflow of milk, but also prevent postpartum breast sagging. If pregnant women can do breast massage during pregnancy, they can ensure adequate milk and smooth breastfeeding.