Its hometown is Fengle Township, to the west of Chang 'an. Camel industry plants trees, which are welcomed by rich people in Chang 'an. They keep sightseeing and sell fruits. Relying on trees planted by camels, or migrating, they are all alive and rich and powerful. Although other growers are watching the effect, it can't be like this.
When asked, he replied: "Camels can't make wood survive and multiply, but also conform to the nature of wood, so its nature is not good." As far as the nature of planting trees is concerned, it should be comfortable, its cultivation should be flat, its soil should be ancient and its buildings should be dense. Now that you're gone, don't move, don't worry, don't look back. If you are a child, if you are abandoned, it is full of nature and its nature. So, I don't harm it, I have to be able to recognize it. Just don't control your consumption, it doesn't have to be sweet early. Other growers are not. Roots are easy to rush, soil is easy to plow, but not too strict, it is not as good as people. If you have the ability to face each other, you will love too much and worry too much. Look at it at dusk, caress it and look back. What's more, you will scratch your skin to test its health and dryness, shake its roots to observe its density, and the nature of wood will leave you. Although you love it, it is actually harmful; Although I am worried, I hate it, so I don't want it. what can I do? "
The questioner said, "Is it ok to transfer official management by children?" Tuo said, "I only know how to plant trees. This is business, not my business. However, I live in my hometown, and those who are kind to others are angry with their orders. If I am poor, I will die of disaster. When the official arrived at dusk, he shouted, "The official order urges you to plow, mow and sow, and you will reap." . You should knit early and you should be young, so you should be a chicken and a dolphin.' Collect drums, beat wood and call them. My villain dropped out of school to work for an official, and it is impossible to have leisure. How can I be happy and safe? So, I am sick and lazy. If so, is it similar to our industry? "
The questioner said, "Hey, what a good husband! I asked about raising trees, and I want to raise people. " Pass it on as an official warning.
Guo Tuo, I don't know his name. He suffers from the disease of hunchback. He stoops and walks with a hunchback, just like a hunchback, so people in the village call him "camel". The camel said, "That's a good name. It's really appropriate to call me that. " So he gave up his original name and called himself "camel".
His hometown is Fengle Township, west of Chang 'an. Guo Tuo's occupation is planting trees. In Chang 'an City, all the rich people who manage gardens and enjoy amusement, and those who plant trees and sell fruits for profit all rushed to meet and hire Guo Tuo. Seeing the trees planted by camels, even if transplanted, they did not survive; Grow tall and lush, bear fruit early and much. Even if other tree growers secretly observe and admire imitation, no one can match.
Someone asked him why he planted trees well. He replied, "I can't make trees live long and grow fast, but I can adapt to the nature of trees and realize my habits." However, in the method of planting trees, the roots should be stretched, the cultivated soil should be uniform, the soil used should be the original soil for cultivating seedlings, and the rammed soil should be solid. When you have done this, don't move, don't worry about it, and don't look after you leave. When transplanting trees, we should treat them like children. After planting, we should put them aside as if we had abandoned them. Then the nature of the tree can be preserved and its nature can develop freely. So I just don't hinder its growth, and I don't have the ability to make it grow tall and lush; It just doesn't inhibit or reduce its fruit, and it doesn't have the ability to make it bear more fruit early. Other tree growers are not like this, their roots are replaced with new soil; When he tills the soil, it is either too tight or too loose. If there are people who can be different from this practice, but are too stingy with them, go to see them in the morning, touch them at night, and go back to see them after leaving. More seriously, cut the bark with nails to see if it is still alive, shake the trunk to see if it is planted firmly, so that the nature of the tree is gone day by day. Although I love it, it actually hurts it. Although I am worried about it, it actually hates it. So none of them can compare with me. what can I do? "
The person who asked said, "Is it feasible to transfer your method of planting trees to serving the officials and the people?" Tuotuo said, "I only know how to plant trees. Being an official for the people is not my major. But I live in a village and see officials who like to give orders constantly, as if they love (the people), and in the end, the people will still be hurt. In the morning and evening, those small officials came running and shouted,' the chief ordered: urge you to plow, urge you to farm, urge you to harvest, cook cocoons and spin silk early, weave early, raise your children and feed your chickens and pigs.' How can we be prosperous and stable when ordinary people stop eating breakfast and dinner to comfort those small officials? So we are poor and tired. Like this (governing the people is a nuisance), it's probably similar to my tree planting career, right? "
The person who asked said, "Isn't that great? I asked about the method of planting trees and the method of governing the people. " I recorded it as a warning to the officials.
Edit this paragraph to comment on the origin of the name, and introduce the image characteristics of the national trust and the origin of the name. (the origin of the name)
1, Guo Juan (tuó) camel, I don't know the name of the beginning.
Camel: Camel.
Start: the beginning, the beginning.
2, sick (lǘ), long and crouching, camel-like people, the "camel" of hometown. [Fellow villagers should not ridicule the disabled because of their shapes. 〗
Disease: disease
Rolls for grain: Suffering from low back diseases.
Rickets: the back is bent, that is, rickets (g! u ló u)。
Long Ran: The way his back is raised. However, the emergence of ...
Squat: Bend over and walk.
There are classes: some are like.
Speaker: the appearance of pronouns.
Number one: Give him a nickname. Number, nickname.
3. The camel listened: "Very good, I am solid." Because of its name, it also calls itself "camel" cloud. I dare to accept myself and show openness and confidence.
One: Pronouns point to nicknames.
Give me a proper name: it really suits me.
Name: noun as verb, address. [ 1]
G: That's true.
When: Right.
Reason: So, then, adverb.
Give up: Give up.
Name: His original name.
Incoming call: called.
Yun: The modal particle at the end of the sentence can be translated as "le" here. Tree planting expertise introduces Guo Tuo's superb tree planting skills. (tree planting expertise)
1, my hometown is Fengle Township, in Chang 'an West. [Introduction address]
Chang 'an: Now Xi 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty.
2. Camels plant trees, and rich people in Chang 'an are eager to take care of them for sightseeing and selling fruits. This paper introduces the occupation, the competition between "very rich people" and "fruit sellers", and briefly describes the superb tree planting technology. 〗
Karma: Nouns are used as verbs, and ... is occupation.
Engage in, manage.
Sightseeing and fruit merchant: One who engages in garden sightseeing and fruit trade.
Strive to meet the needs of care: "Strive to meet the needs of taking (domestic camels)." Trying to take him home for support is trying to hire him.
3. Trees planted by camels, or migrating (xǐ), are alive; And rich and gorgeous, early and practical. [Positive description of superb tree planting technology]
Or: the table assumes that if.
Migration: transplantation.
Migration: Migration.
Shuomao: Tall and lush.
Early knot: early knot. Solid and solid.
With: and, table progressive.
Fan: A lot.
In fact, if you use nouns as verbs, you will get more results early.
4. Although others are watching the effect, they can't do it themselves. Compare again, the comparison skills are superb.
Other growers: other people who plant trees.
Spying effect: secretly observe and admire imitation.
Mo: Nobody, pronoun.
For example, Guo Tuo introduces the experience of planting trees and explains why others are not as good as him. (the way to plant trees)
65438+ 【 Introduce the experience of planting trees. "Adapting to the nature of trees" not only summarizes the experience of planting trees, but also implies the main idea of the whole paper.
Q: He was asked (about his experience in planting trees).
Ability: ability.
Wood: A tree.
Camel: The most solemn and respectful way for the ancients to call themselves by their first names can be translated as "I".
Long life and many fruits: long life and vigorous reproduction. Variety: variety, variety.
Heaven: the natural law of things.
Causality: Let it grow according to its own nature.
Bring.
Yaner: It's just that modal particles are used at the end of the sentence.
As far as the nature of planting trees is concerned, it should be comfortable, its cultivation should be flat, its soil should be ancient and its buildings should be dense. [Introduction to Tree Planting Essentials]
Fan: Fan, indicating generalization, adverb.
The essence of planting trees: the method of planting trees.
Sex, methods.
Ben: Tree roots.
Desire: want.
Shu: Stretch.
Pei: Cultivate the soil.
So: refers to the use of the original soil.
Jian: as a verb, pound the soil.
M: Strong.
3. since you have it, don't worry, don't care. If you are a child, if you are abandoned, it will be perfect, and naturally you will achieve [introduce the experience of managing trees. The above statement is "the nature of wood makes it natural"]
Since: after this.
After that: …
Ran: That's it.
It is (finished).
Don't move: don't touch it again.
Don't worry: don't worry any more.
Go: Leave.
C: Looking back, this is the key point.
Its: if, conjunction.
Yan: Planting.
Ruozi: Like a child.
Put: put down, which means put aside.
Abandon: Just like abandoning them.
Then the nature of the tree can be preserved without losing its nature.
Then: then, conjunctions.
Speaker: auxiliary words, nonsense.
4, so I don't harm it, I can't recognize it; In fact, if you don't restrain your consumption, you will be able to do it early and sweet.
Don't hurt its growth: don't hinder its growth. Hurt, hinder
Just: just, modal particles are used at the end of sentences.
Say cat: use the verb make ... huge and lush.
In fact, do not inhibit consumption: do not inhibit and consume its fruit (ripening process).
Early and Fanfan: Use verbs to make (the company) early and sufficient.
5. Others are not. Genquan and Tuyi are also repaired. If it is not too much, it is inferior.
Then: just, conjunctions. Otherwise: it won't be like this.
Root fist: root fist
Soil exchange: replace with new soil.
Not too much is not enough: not too much is not enough. If … then …, if … then (just), connect the fixed structure of hypothetical complex sentences.
Yan: The modal particles in the sentence have no practical meaning.
6. If you have the ability to do the opposite, you will love too much and worry too much.
Gou: If, conjunctions.
Contrarian: A person who is opposite to himself.
Too much love: too much love. Well, there is goodwill, which can refer to intention here.
Worry too much: Worry too much about it.
7. I looked at it and stroked it. I have already left, look back. More importantly, it scratches the skin with its claws to test its health and dryness, and shakes its roots to observe its density. And the nature of wood is leaving.
What's more: more serious.
Cut the bark with your nails. To grasp, pinch, or grasp with one's nails. Used as a verb.
Take: Come on, conjunctions.
Check: check.
Life and death: to be or not to be.
Density: refers to the looseness and compactness of soil.
Day by day: lost day by day. With, conjunctions, adverbials and verbs, not translated; Day, noun as adverbial, day after day.
8. Although you love it, it is actually harmful; Although I am worried about it, I actually hate it: so if I don't do it, I will do it. what can I do? ""Explain why "others are planted" and "others can't be like" ""
Actually: that's actually.
No, I'm not as good as me. Not as good as me.
In negative sentences, pronouns are usually placed before verbs when they are used as objects.
If, and, keep up with, verb
what can I do? what can I do? Guo Tuo, who wrote The Way of Governing the People, compared "planting people" with "planting people" and pointed out that local officials seemed to "love" the people, but actually harmed them. (the way to govern the people)
1, the questioner said, "Is it ok to transfer official management through children?" Turn to the right meaning
Tao: refers to the experience of planting trees.
For the government and the people.
The Tang people avoided the taboo of Emperor Li Zhi and changed "governance" to "governance".
Know: before "know", auxiliary words, get; After the word "zhi", pronouns refer to the word "Tao" for planting trees.
2. The camel said, "I only know how to plant trees. This is business, not my business. However, I live in my hometown, and I am good at being human (zh m: ng). If I am very compassionate, I will die in the disaster. " If you are very compassionate, you will die of disaster ",that is," although you love it, it will actually hurt you ". ○ Show modesty first. ○ analogy again: compare "others" with "long people".
Just: just.
RB: Rule the people.
Industry: occupation.
A person's elder refers to a local official who rules the people. The length of a big county is called "Ling" and the length of a small county is called "Chang".
Annoying: constantly giving orders.
Angry: constantly.
If you are poor, you seem to love (the people).
Yan: pronoun, the same as "zhi".
But: but, conjunctions.
Died unfortunately: finally, the people suffered this kind of injury. Death, finally, finally.
3. When the official arrived at dusk, he shouted,' The official ordered me to promote the repair. I planted it and I got it. I felt tired long ago and knitted it long ago. When I was young, I became a chicken and a dolphin.'
Official order: An official government order.
Promoting agriculture: urging you to farm.
Joel: You.
Hmm: encourage.
Plants: plants.
Supervisor: Supervise.
Harvest: harvest.
Silk reeling (sāo) and yarn, silk reeling: cocoon cooking and spinning. And: pass "er", you. Thread: Thread head. Early reeling: early reeling.
Weave early: spin early. A thread. ○ Weaving "hate orders" for women.
Words and young children, hence the name of chicken dolphin (tún). "word: parenting. Then chickens and dolphins: feed your chickens and pigs well. Therefore, success here refers to feeding big. Dolphin, pig.
4, drum and gather, hit the wood and call it. I quit school (sūn) and (yūng) to help officials, so I can't be free. How can I be happy and feel safe? So, I am sick and lazy.
Assemble: Assemble the people.
Wood: Bangzi.
My villain: we ordinary people.
Drop out of school: no food. Drop out of school, stop. Li, have breakfast. Dinner.
Take: Come on, conjunctions.
Servant: Servant.
And: still.
Leisure: leisure.
Why: Why, by what.
Fan Wusheng: Increase our output.
Peace of mind: settle down our lives.
Sex, life.
Disease: hardship. Laziness: fatigue
5. If yes, is it similar to our business? "
If: like this.
Work with my employer: Work with me. Industry, occupation.
Its: probably, modal particles.
Class: Similar. The writing purpose finally explains the writing purpose of this article. (writing purpose)
The questioner said, "Hey, what a good husband! I asked about raising trees, and I want to raise people. " Pass it on as an official warning. ○ "Educating people" should also be "natural" in order to "cultivate their nature".
Xi: An interjection means happiness.
Bad: Isn't it good, too? Husband, modal particles at the end of the sentence.
The way to manage people. Tang people avoided Li Shimin's taboo and changed "person" to "person".
Biography: Biography refers to this article.
To regard (it) as, regard it as.
Attention: Warning.
Edit this classical Chinese knowledge keyword 1. length
(1) long, pronounced cháng, as opposed to "short", such as "eight feet long" in Longzhong. Extended to "long-term", such as "Autumn Water": "Parents laugh and be generous." It is also extended to "Chang", such as Du Fu's "Shu Xiang": "But if you fail to conquer, you are dead, and the hero cries from now on." Dragon also means "good at", such as "Feng Wanzhen": "Westerners have long firearms and short skills."
(2) Dragon, studying zh ǐ ng, growing up, as this article says, "So I don't harm its long, I have to be able to prosper." Extended to "grow up", such as "Dong Fangshuo": "lose less parents and raise more brothers and sisters." Then it is extended to "old", as opposed to "young", such as Mulan's poem: "Mulan has no eldest brother." Then extended to "leaders", such as "Feng Wanzhen": "Take three bags and be brave and versatile, and push it for a long time." Dragon is also an official name. In ancient times, the chief of a big county was called "Ling" and the chief of a small county was called "Chang". The "long" of "long people" in this article. Yes, nouns are used as verbs. A person who is kind to others is "a person who will serve as an official and govern the people."
(3) Dragon also means "superfluous", and the idiom "penniless" and "nothing" describes poverty or frugality. This word "long" was read by Zhang Sheng in ancient times, but it is read by Zhang Sheng today.
2. If
(1) If used as a verb, it means "like", as in this article: "If so, is it similar to my business?" Another example is "Shi Shuo": "He is similar to that year, and his Tao is similar." It is extended to "and can catch up" and is often used in negative sentences, such as this article: "So, I don't want it, I want it." No, even if there is, it just can't catch up with me.
(2) If used as a pronoun, it means "you, yours". For example, The Chen She Family: "If you are a servant, how can you be rich?" Another example is "The Snake Catcher said": "If it is more servile, what about giving it?"
(3) If, used as a conjunction, means "if", as in this article: "If you don't overstep the moment, you will be inferior."
Transfer information
(1) biography, used as a noun, originally meant to be a post station or a coach, and pronounced as zhuà, such as "Chen Zhongchuan in the Later Han Dynasty": "Send people to repair monks and pavilions." Another example is "Zuo Zhuan Gongcheng Five Years": "Liang Shanbing, Jin Hou Zhao Bozong." Extended to "hotels", such as "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Parting is like living together." Biography also refers to "ancient books", such as Mencius Hui Liang Wang Xia: "There is something in the biography." It is extended to "a work to interpret the classics", such as "Shi Shuo": "Six arts are all spread in Xi Zhi." Then it is extended to a style, that is, "biographies of people", such as the title of this article "Biography of Planting Camels". Verb, pass this article: "Pass it on as an official warning."
(2) Chuan, as a verb, read chuán and make a "Chuan" speech, such as "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Get a treasure, pass on beauty to amuse the minister." It is extended to "teaching", such as "Teacher's Theory": "A teacher is a teacher, so preach and teach." Then it is extended to "transmission and transmission", such as "Teacher's Theory": "Teacher's Tao has not been transmitted for a long time." The common word 1. Get confused before it's too late ("er" and "er" are connected, you)
2. Camels can't prolong the life of trees, nor can they reproduce ("reproduction" means the same thing as "nourishing", reproduction and reproduction).
3. Since there are ("already" and "already", le) sentence patterns 1.
Use "... also" to express judgment.
Exodus: Official management is not my business.
2. Inverted sentences
Camel, I don't know where it started.
3. Elliptic sentences
Pass it on as an official warning.
Death is a disaster.
If you have the ability to oppose the right thing.
Ranwuju (Yu) town
Move it into official management, will you?
4. Preposition object
So, you don't want it, I want it.
Why was I born safe?
what can I do?
5. Attributive postposition
Every rich man in Chang 'an is a tourist and sells fruit. The verb is 1. He is sick and squatting. Be ill, suffer from ...
2. The first solid is sweet. True, the result is true.
More importantly, it scratches the skin with its claws to test its dryness. Claw, used as a verb, grab and pinch.
4. Death is a disaster. Suffer a curse.
5. It weighs like a child, too. Son, treat children equally.
6. I live up to my name. Name: Name.
7. Camels can't make trees live longer and reproduce. Longevity: Long life. Nouns as adverbials (1) Look at it and caress it. Dan, in the morning; At dusk, at night
(2) The nature of wood is moving away from it. day by day
(3) When officials come, shout. At dusk, from morning till night, the usage of the verb (1) makes it ambiguous. Bring, bring.
(2) Be prosperous. Making ... huge and gorgeous.
(3) Be early and sweet. Early, make ... early; Fancy manufacturing ... more.
(4) Drum assembly. Make a sound; The ring. Gather, cause to gather.
(5) Why am I safe when I was born? Fancy, manufacturing ... prosperity. Ann, make ....
(6) People who are kind to others are annoyed with their own orders. To annoy or complicate.
(7) Then there are chickens and dolphins. Therefore, make ... grow up and feed it. Camel industry grows trees. Industry, take ... as the inheritance of ... ...
Its cultivation is also cultivated as follows
Sick. (get ... sick)
So, I am sick and lazy. (hard)
harm
Do not harm its long. (hinder)
It actually hurts. (injured)
3. despite
Although look at the effect. (even number)
As much as I like it. (although)
4. Therefore
Its soil wants to get old. (Old, refers to the original soil for cultivating saplings)
So, you don't want it, I want it. (So)
5. Real
This is early and honest. (The result is true and the masterpiece is touching)
No, it's just the truth. (fruit)
It actually hurts. (actually)
6. If
If it is abandoned. (like)
If it is not too much, it is not enough. (if)
So, you don't want it, I want it. (such as, and, comparable)
7. and
Let's play drums together. (table to undertake, say table purpose, not translation. )
Words and children. (by "uh", you)
Look at it and touch it. (The table has been leveled again)
And the nature of wood is leaving. (Tables are connected in sequence, which can be translated as "then")
Weave early and thread early. (by "uh", you)
8. for
The rich people in Chang 'an are tourists and fruit sellers.
What can I do?
9.
Initial solid to sweet (and)
It is impossible (and) to conform to the nature of wood.
Scratch its skin to test its birth and death (for display purposes)
Go the way of children
10.
I don't know where to start (name)
Very kind, give me a proper name (address)
1 1.
Camels plant trees (take ... as a profession)
Officially, it's not my career (occupation) 1. The "camel" named after my hometown. Villagers (ancient meaning: two words, people in the whole village; Modern meaning: refers to people who have lived together for a long time, fellow villagers. )
2. Now. Since (archaic: this is already the case; Modern meaning: conjunction means to imply the premise first and then infer. )
3. Just don't restrain consumption. In fact (ancient meaning: its fruit; Modern meaning: adverb, following the above turning point, indicates that it is the actual situation. )
4. If you don't overdo it, you are inferior. However (archaic: not too much; Today's meaning: conjunctions indicate a turning point, but. )
5. I dropped out of school a little. Little people (ancient meaning: we are kings; Modern meaning: refers to a person with modest personality. )
6. I have to support people. Nurturing the people (ancient meaning: governing the people; Today's meaning: feed others)
7. Although others are watching the effect. Spy (ancient meaning: secretly observing, without derogatory meaning; Modern meaning: wait and see secretly, wait for the opportunity, including derogatory)
8. Take the road of children and move towards official positions. Official governance (ancient meaning: official governance, official governance of the people; Modern significance: official rationality, as opposed to "popular rationality". ) from the genre point of view, this article is not only a biography, but also an allegorical narrative prose.
Although the title of this article is called "Biography", it is not an ordinary biography. Based on the thought of Laozi and Zhuangzi School's inaction and letting nature take its course, this paper talks about the truth of governing the people by officials from the experience of planting trees, and shows that the feudal ruling class sometimes uses the guise of caring for, caring for or caring for the people, but it is counterproductive and the people are still poor. In fact, this thought is a concrete reflection of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's thoughts of "saints don't die, thieves don't stop" and "people don't dispute" after the Anshi Rebellion in Tang Dynasty. Only through rest can we regain our vitality. If the feudal rulers still blindly command by administrative orders, making the people exhausted, or sending the broad masses of the people to meet and entertain officials in the name of "Huizheng"; They have to work hard to cope with the task of the ruler's evaluation, which can only increase the economic burden and mental pain of the people. If we understand the social reality in the middle Tang Dynasty and know the pertinence of Liu Zongyuan's writing this article, we can appreciate the progressive significance of this article. This is the first thing we must figure out.
This article has five paragraphs, and every two paragraphs can be merged into one big paragraph. The first paragraph introduces the protagonist's name, image characteristics, native place, occupation and technical expertise. The first paragraph seems idle, but in fact it is lively and interesting, adding luster to the article. There are three points to note. First, many of the characters described in Zhuangzi's books have deformed disabilities. For example, the master of health care and De Chongfu wrote about people who lost one or two feet, while people wrote about a monster all their lives. Others have special skills, such as an understanding craftsman, who has become a skillful craftsman of the wind, and his rickety father-in-law is his successor. When Liu Zongyuan wrote this biography, he concentrated these two characteristics on Guo Tuo, who is disabled and good at planting trees. It can be seen that Liu Zongyuan not only inherited Zhuangzi's point of view on the theme of the article, but also flexibly absorbed Zhuangzi's writing techniques on the characterization. Second, a camel is a camel. People call this hero a camel, which was originally a joke and even a mockery. However, Master Guo, who planted trees, not only didn't feel satisfied, but accepted it gladly. Liu Zongyuan wrote the good character of this self-improvement laborer here without trace. But the author's writing is still based on this. In Zhuangzi's The Emperor and Heaven, there is a description that people call a person a cow or a horse, but he doesn't mind, but agrees with it gladly. This is the same name that Guo Tuo is willing to take off and take off. In fact, this description also reflects the thought of Laozi and Zhuangzi school, that is, "name" is just an additional thing and cannot affect a person's essence, so it will not be disturbed and fluctuated by thought. On the contrary, even being called a cow or a horse is not a bad thing. Hugo created an ugly and kind bell ringer in Notre Dame de Paris, which had a great influence on later generations. Until recent years, the gardener in the TV series Slave also belongs to this type. In fact, this description of a person's ugly appearance and beautiful heart can be said to have started from Zhuangzi in our country. The image of Guo Tuo created by Liu Zongyuan is also typical in this respect. But Liu Zongyuan is the unity of ugliness and truth (he realized the irrefutable truth in his thoughts), while Hugo is the unity of ugliness and goodness, only slightly different.
The second paragraph describes the specific skills of Camel Guo in planting trees. He has two characteristics in planting trees: first, the survival rate is high; Second, it is easy to get results, which is called "longevity fruit". In the following article, the author did not write about the characteristics of camel's easy transplantation, but only mentioned that planting trees does not hinder its growth. It's actually a pen saver. People who build a good factory must be good at moving trees. Only by mastering the inherent law of the development of things can they gain greater freedom. So here, in order to spread the article, it only stops at the point. There is a suspense at the end of this short paragraph. That is, "although others are watching the effect, they can't do this." From here on, readers must be curious to know what tricks Guo Tuo has in planting trees. However, the following is an extremely ordinary and difficult practical truth: "Follow the wood, it is logical." It can be seen that Guo does not hide private interests, but the level of self-cultivation and the depth of mastering the law of "others" are too insufficient. From here, the author hints a truth to us, that is, "governing by doing nothing" does not mean giving up or letting go. This truth can be completely proved in the following two paragraphs.
The two paragraphs in the second paragraph are Guo Tuo's self-introduction of planting trees. There are positive and negative differences between upper and lower levels, and the key lies in "the nature of wood". In order to explain this truth more profoundly and convincingly, the article adopts the method of comparative writing, and first compares the legitimacy and inappropriateness of planting. What is the essence of trees? The word "desire" not only summarizes the nature of trees, but also implies the essentials of planting trees. Camel is planted along the natural character of trees, which protects its vitality and thus receives the ideal effect of "full of nature". This is the secret of Guo Tuo's "lifeless" tree planting. Other growers are not. They go against the nature of trees. When planting trees, "roots are easy to soil, and cultivation is not as good as it is." Therefore, it must be the evil result of "declining wood". This answers the question in the last paragraph. The fundamental reason why they are "incomparable" is that they learn standards instead of books. Compare the good and bad management. "Don't move, don't worry, let's go. Guo Tuo's management experience is that if he is a child, he will abandon it. At first glance, it seems that after the tree species are planted, they are left unattended without management. In fact, camel's "not moving, not worrying", "seeds transplanted" and "abandoned" after planting are the best management. Without careful cultivation like loving children, there will be no ideal effect. Other growers don't understand this. They don't give up, but they care too much ideologically to let go of anything. The result is counterproductive. " Although you love it, it is actually harmful; Although you are worried about it, you actually hate it. It inhibits or even kills the vitality of trees. These two layers are written in sharp contrast, and the sentence patterns are rich and diverse. When we write about planting trees in Loma, we use neat parallel sentences, and when other growers plant trees improperly, we use loose sentences to express them, which makes the article appear patchy. "Although love is actually harmful; Although it is worried, it is actually annoying. The rhyming words make the key points stand out, which is a change in the writing of Zhuangzi Horseshoe. From the introduction of camel's tree planting experience, it can be seen that Liu Zongyuan's point of view is still different from that of Laozi and Zhuangzi. Liu is a master of Confucianism and Taoism. He does not advocate passive "obedience to nature", but advocates active obedience to nature under the inherent development law of things. He asked all tree growers to know the nature of trees, that is, to know how to adapt to the growth law of trees. After explaining the reason of planting trees clearly from both sides, the article naturally transitions to the third paragraph.
The third paragraph is a positive revelation of the original intention, which is actually the "spiritual lifeline" of an article. Through dialogue, the author extends the theory of planting trees and managing trees to official management by means of "planting trees" and "educating people". Firstly, this paper briefly summarizes the shortcomings of "nurturing people" in a few words: "those who give orders are annoying, and those who are extremely compassionate die of disasters", which echoes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned "other growers" in tree management. Then, with the method of putting facts, the various manifestations of "bad official management" are concentrated, typical and meticulous, and described incisively and vividly. For example, officials shouted for people to go to work, using three "er", four "er" and seven verbs in a row, vividly describing the scene of vulgar officials going to the countryside and making trouble. Finally, the author points out the word "cultivating skills" in the tone of "questioner", which is very important. It can be seen that to make the world stable for a long time, we should not only "govern the people" but also "support the people". Even if people get a rest and rest, they will get a chance to recover after being seriously injured, which is what Ouyang Xiu later said. This is the ultimate goal of Liu Zongyuan's writing this article.
Baidu search "Camel Biography of Planting Trees". See for yourself.
I hope to adopt O(∩_∩)O! ! !