In 22 1 year BC, Qin Shihuang unified China. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, health preservation technology has made great progress. The immortal dreams of Qin Shihuang, Han Wudi and others have promoted people's exploration of health preservation technology. Hua Tuo, Ji Kang, Ge Hong, Sun Simiao and other health experts appeared, as well as absurd health preserving techniques such as taking pills and taking stones.

(1) Suggestions on conservation and feeding.

Health preserving and bait therapy were put forward by Sun Simiao, a famous health preserving scientist in Han and Tang Dynasties. Sun Shi's famous medical works "Don't be impatient" and "Golden Wings" contain a lot of health-preserving contents. One of the important ways to keep healthy is to keep fit. He believes that human nature is like oil in an oil lamp, and life activities are like bright lights. Everyone has the same amount of oil. If you don't pay attention to saving, just like an oil lamp with a big wick, the oil will soon run out and its life will be short. If you can pay attention to saving, it is like using a small wick. When the oil is used up, the light will go out slowly, and the life will naturally be extended.

The essentials of health preservation mainly lie in: avoiding excessive damage to essence. Specifically, it is to pay attention to abstinence, peace of mind, no delusions in the heart, listening without delusion during sexual intercourse. We should "think less, read less, desire less, talk less, laugh less, worry less, be happy less, be good less, and be evil less", regardless of fame and fortune and non-fame, and minimize the loss of essence.

"Feeding" is a method to reduce grain consumption and prolong life by taking drugs orally for a long time, and it is also recorded in Sun Simiao's "Thousand Women to the Square".

The bait is divided into three steps, one is to kill three worms, the other is to avoid food, and the third is to feed. Three worms refer to long worms, red worms and pinworms, which are very harmful to human body. If it is not removed, the tonic is ineffective and must be killed by "going to the third punch". The so-called "no food" means no food, which comes from Taoism. The saying that "three pests and monsters" feed on grains holds that avoiding grains can eliminate three pests and achieve immortality. Sun Shi uses poria cocos, pine and cypress seeds, etc. Tried to replace cereal food, but failed. Eating means long-term use of drugs. There are 32 kinds of "recipes" recorded in Qian Jin Fang Yao, such as poria cocos crisp and almond crisp, all of which have a certain effect on prolonging life.

(2) Compliance of providing for the aged

Pension is advocated by Sun Simiao. Sun Shi believes that when people get old, some changes will take place both physically and psychologically. Physiologically, the yang is gradually declining and the body is gradually weakening; Heart failure, forgetting the past and losing the future, tasteless diet; The skin loses luster, the hair turns white and withered, the limbs are heavy and lazy. With the advent of aging, there are more and more diseases. Psychologically, it is easy to have a sense of aging and loss, as well as personality variation, which affects physical health. Therefore, the elderly should pay more attention to health.

Sun Shi advocated that the elderly should know their own physiological and psychological characteristics and strengthen their support. First of all, we must be "anti-vulgar" and ideologically detached. Others speak loudly, but my voice is not high. I'm not angry when others lose their temper. I'm not paranoid, and my ears are easy to digest, so it shouldn't be complicated. We should insist on doing light physical labor and moderate exercise, such as walking and guiding breathing. The place to live should be elegant, clean and simple, and clothes and body should be washed frequently to make it clean. In this way, you can live a long life with peace of mind

③ The rise of eating Dan and taking stone.

Eating eggs began in the Qin Dynasty. Qin Shihuang desperately pursued the art of immortality and the medicine of immortality, and because of the development of metallurgical technology, a group of people specializing in the art of immortality and refining the medicine of immortality appeared, known as "alchemists." They collected some absurd fairy tales and strange magic, and extracted "elixir" from mercury, lead, cinnabar and sulfur. In the Jin Dynasty, eating Dan for longevity prevailed. In the Tang dynasty, it intensified. Emperor Taizong and others once served the "elixir".

At the same time, there is also the clothing stone popular for eating Dan. The so-called "taking stone" means using a prescription composed of mineral drugs, such as "Wushi Powder" composed of stalactite, viola, Bai Shiying, sulfur and halloysitum rubrum. It is said that it can make people "cheerful and energetic" and meet the needs of rulers and literati who are addicted to wine and color.

After taking "Dan Xian" or "Wushi Powder", it can play a temporary exciting role, such as general fever and anxiety, and enhanced sexual desire. But it is harmful to human body. For example, the famous Li Baozhen was ill-tempered and weak after taking the "elixir", and was finally killed by eunuch Chen Hongzhi and others. Emperors such as Tang Muzong and Tang Jingzong and ministers such as Du Fu suffered greatly.

Sun Simiao shouted: "I would rather eat pueraria lobata than five-stone fat."