Mo Mei Notes]

1. Momei: Plum blossom in ink painting.

2. Xiyan Lake: a pool for washing pens and inkstones after writing and drawing. Wang Xizhi has a legend that "the middle school books in the pool are all black". This is the allusion used here.

[Brief analysis]

This is a poem. Mo Mei is the plum blossom of ink painting. Poets praise Mo Mei and Dont Ask For Help, just to leave a fragrance of virtue to the world. In fact, he used Mei as a metaphor to express his attitude towards life and his noble sentiment of not being kitsch.

The first two sentences, "The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, is full of pale ink marks", which directly describes Mo Mei. In the painting, the plum trees by the pond are in full bloom, and the plum blossoms are stained with a faint ink color. "West Wild Goose Lake" is the allusion of Wang Xizhi's "middle school books in the pool, and the water in the pool is all black". The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".

Three or four sentences praise Mo Mei's moral integrity. It is painted in light ink, and although its appearance is not exquisite, it has a beautiful, noble and dignified, secluded and detached inner temperament; It doesn't want to attract people, please people and get people's praise with bright colors. It just wants to send out a fragrance and let it stay between heaven and earth. These two sentences are the poet's self-portrayal. Wang Mian grew up in a poor family, herding cattle during the day and studying hard under the ever-burning lamps of Buddhist temples at night. Finally, he learned a lot. He is good at poetry and painting, and he is versatile. However, he tried every time and didn't want to curry favor with the powerful, so he decided to gain fame and fortune, live in seclusion in Jiulishan, East Zhejiang, and draw rice for a living. The phrase "don't be praised by lewdness, just stay dry for nothing" shows the poet's character of disdain, independence and self-appreciation.

This poem, titled Mo Mei, is intended to express one's ambition. The poet organically integrates painting style, poetic style and personality. Literally praising plum blossoms is actually appreciating the virtue of a person standing.

[Introduction to the author]

Wang Mian (1287—— 1359), a character stamp, has a Su character. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, people gathered in Zhuji (now Zhuji, Zhejiang). He has many nicknames, including Shi, Huiji, Huiji Waishi, Plum Blossom Owner, Mr. Jiuli, Jiangnan Ancient Guest, Jiangnan Savage, Yinshan Wild Man, Duckweed, Bamboo Crown Grass Man, Mei Cuo, Fan Niuweng, Shi Zao, Leisure Doctor, Lao Long, Lao Cun, Weng Mei and so on. Because his study was called "Zhu Zhai", people called him Wang Zhu Zhai or Mr Zhu Zhai at that time. He is not only a famous poet, but also a master of painting. He was a flower-and-bird painter who created a new style of freehand brushwork by painting Mo Mei in Yuan Dynasty. His painting "Mimeitu" is full of charm and elegance, which is amazing and has a far-reaching influence on the painting circles in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Zhu Mo:

This is a poem in Zheng Banqiao's Bao Dazhong's Painting Bamboo in Wei County Department in the Year of Prosperity. The whole poem is:

Yazhai lay listening to Little Zhu Xiao, suspecting that it was the voice of the people's sufferings.

Some small collectors in Caozhou County always care about their feelings.

On the surface, these two poems are about bamboo, which means: we small state and county officials, the branches and leaves of bamboo outside the yamen bedroom, all affect our feelings. The actual meaning is: although we are only small state and county officials, every move of the people affects our feelings. This fully reflects Zheng Banqiao's concern for people's sufferings.

This poem was presented by Zheng Banqiao when he was the magistrate of a county in wei county, Shandong Province in 11 or 12 years. One or two sentences are figurative. The first sentence, "My yamen is lying listening to the rustling bamboo", is written by the author lying in my yamen's study and hearing the breeze blowing bamboo outside the window, giving people a very bleak and chilly feeling. The second sentence, "Doubt is the voice of people's sufferings", is the association generated by the author's cold bamboo sound. The author thinks of the sufferings of ordinary people from the sound of wind and bamboo in nature, which seems to be the sobbing of ordinary people struggling in hunger and cold, and fully embodies the author's love for the people in the hearts of the government. Speak your mind in three or four sentences. The third sentence, "some officials in Caozhou County", not only describes themselves, but also includes them. It can be seen that it is "parents" who want to solve their worries for the people. This poem broadens the connotation of poetry. The fourth sentence, "One branch and one leaf always care about feelings", not only takes care of Feng Zhu's calligraphy and painting poems, but also places deep feelings on them. Every bit of common people is closely related to "parents"! Zheng Banqiao's poem on painting is linked with the sufferings of people's lives through the swaying sound of the wind and the bamboo, and it places the author's deep concern and sympathy for people's destiny. It is really commendable that an official in the feudal era has such deep feelings for the working people.

Brief introduction of Zheng Banqiao.

In Qing Dynasty, Zheng Banqiao was an outstanding celebrity in history, the main representative of "Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou", and a world-renowned painter and writer with "Three Unique Poems and Paintings". His life can be divided into five stages: studying, teaching, selling paintings in Yangzhou, being a scholar, being an official, being an official in Shandong and selling paintings in Yangzhou again. A, reading teaching Zheng Xie (1693- 1766) from Xinghua, Jiangsu. Originally from Suzhou. His ancestors moved from Nagato in Suzhou to Wangtou in xinghua city, and moved to Zheng Banqiao in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, that is, the14th generation. His father, Zheng Zhiben, whose real name is Li 'an and Meng Yang, was born in Lin. He is an outstanding scholar in Zheng Banqiao's former residence. He is a disciple at home and has hundreds of students. Zheng Banqiao was born on1October 22nd. At that time, his family had declined and his life was very poor. At the age of three, my biological mother Wang Fu died. At the age of fourteen, I lost my stepmother, Mrs. Zheng. Nurse Fei is a kind, hardworking and simple working woman. She gives meticulous care and meticulous care and becomes the pillar of life and feelings. Zheng Banqiao was smart and literate when he was three years old. By the age of eight or nine, he had been a literary and art federation under the guidance of his father. When I was young, my father and I went to Maojiaqiao in Zhou Zhen to study. At the age of sixteen, I learned lyrics from my hometown ancestor Mr. Lu Zhongyuan. Around the age of twenty, he was admitted as a scholar. Married at 23, Mrs. Xu. It was the first time that/kloc-0 came to Beijing in the autumn of 998, and Yu wrote Ouyang Xiu&< the voice of autumn >< in small letters. At the age of 26, I have been teaching in Jiangcun, Zhou Zhen. At the age of 30, my father died. At this time, Banqiao had two daughters and a son, and life was even more difficult. Do> poem, lamenting that Zheng Sheng had no camp for 30 years. "Second, Yangzhou sells paintings because of the hardships of life. After 30 years old, Zheng Banqiao abandoned the museum to sell paintings in Yangzhou for a living, which really saved the poor and made him look elegant." During the ten years of selling paintings in Yangzhou, some tourism activities were also interspersed. Unfortunately, the son born to Mrs. Xu died and wrote a poem to mourn. At the age of 32, I traveled to Jiangxi, where I met Lu Bao, an unscrupulous master and Manchu scholar. At the age of 33, he traveled to Beijing, made friends with Zen Zunsu and his family's children, talked loudly, and hid the characters, so he got a crazy name. During his fame, he married Prince Kangxi and King Yunxi of Shen Jun, the owner of Ziqiong Cliff. Thirty-five years old, a guest from Tongzhou. Thirty-six-year-old, studying in Tianning Temple in Yangzhou, writing in calligraphy & gt one for each person. At the age of 37, I worked as the first draft of>. Thirty-nine years old, Mrs. Xu is critically ill. During his ten years in Yangzhou, Zheng Banqiao made many painting friends, such as Jin Nong and Huang Shen. These painting friends are closely related to his past and have a great influence on his creative thinking and even his personality. Third, Zhongjuren, Jinshi, Guan You 1732, Zheng Banqiao, 40 years old, drinking poetry in << Denan Street >>. For further study, I went to Jiao Shan, Zhenjiang to study. At present, Biefeng Temple in Jiaoshan has a woodcut couplet room for Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy, which is elegant and has few flowers. "1736, the first year of Qianlong, I was 44 years old. In Beijing, I took the exam of the Ministry of Rites. In the palace, in May, I took the court exam in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony. I am the 88th Jinshi of China Dimei, and I was born as a scholar. I wrote a poem for>, saying, "I am also called a scholar in Zhong Kui, and I am the best scholar in Tangui." The joy is beyond words. 1737, forty-five, stayed in Beijing for about a year, but failed, and returned to Yangzhou in the south. With the support of Jiangxi Cheng, she married Rao. Nurse faye's minions. 1739, at the age of 47, he wrote Four Lyrics for Yu Jianzeng, the traffic supervisor of Huainan. 1740, Dong is 48 years old> Preface. 174 1 year-old, 49 years old, went to Beijing and was treated by Wang Yunxi, Shen Jun County. Fourth, when Shandong became an official at the age of 50, that is, in the spring of 1742, he wrote poems and ci collections for Fan County, and Fan County was also a county magistrate. 1743, 5 1 year-old, revised & gt several times, and finally finalized it, engraved by Shangyuan Stuart Gao Wen. 1744, Rao Sheng. During the slaughter period, we paid attention to farming and mulberry, observed the people's feelings, enriched the people and rested, and the people lived and worked in peace. 1746, Qianlong eleven years, 54 years old, transferred from Fan County to Wei County. It was the great famine in Shandong in 2008, and people ate people. Wei county was originally a prosperous city, but it suffered from natural disasters year after year. Disaster relief has become an important part of Zheng Banqiao's governance of wei county. He opened warehouses to relieve goods, so that people could have vouchers to supply, and built cities, recruiting hungry people from far and near to work, and large families in the city took turns to open factories to cook porridge. We sealed Xiaomi's house and lived in more than 10 thousand people. In autumn, the harvest is not good, donations are cheap, and IOUs are destroyed. The living don't count. Banqiao lamented that the hungry people in Wei County gave food. & lt escape from the desert >>. 1748, Gao Bin, a university student, and Liu Tongxun, a viceroy, went to Shandong for disaster relief, followed by Banqiao. In autumn, the disaster situation in wei county gradually eased, and the hungry people also went through the customs to return home. & lt enjoy driving >> discipline. In order to prevent the invasion of water, we donated money to advocate the overhaul of Weixian city wall. Late autumn, book & gt. 175 1 year, seawater flooded, and Banqiao went to Yuwangtai in northern wei county to investigate the disaster. Zheng Banqiao's official intention is that if he succeeds, it will benefit the people. Therefore, when he is in power, he can sympathize with civilians and small traders, reform abuses, and safeguard their interests from laws and measures. During the Banqiao massacre in Weifang, he was diligent and honest, left no problems behind, and was not unfair to the people, and won the support of the people. There are many wealthy businessmen in wei county, and people are compatible with luxury. Zheng Banqiao admired literature, discovered talents, and left many stories. 1747, Debao, a flag bearer from Huang Zheng, Manzhouli, took the examiner in Shandong, and Banqiao was in the examination room, singing with each other. 1748, Gan Long visited Shandong. Zheng Banqiao is a history of calligraphy and painting. He took part in the preparations and arranged everything for the emperor to climb Mount Tai. He lay on Mount Tai for more than 40 days, often proud of it, and carved a seal in the history of Yunganlong Cambodian calligraphy and painting. "1749, 57 years old, Rao's son died in Xinghua. Visit Guo's garden with Shen Yanfang. Reorder & gt,< poetry notes >>,<& ltWord money >>, and handwritten Fu Zi. Written in1750 < <; Banqiao preface >>. . In the same year, Wenchang Temple was rebuilt and the champion bridge was advocated. & lt Wenchang shrine >>. 175 1 year, 59 years old, making < < rare lake paint > > banner. 1752, presided over the repair work of wei county City God Temple, and wrote < < inscription of City God Temple > >. In the << Wenchang Shrine >> and> past, Banqiao urged the gentry in Wei County to cultivate good manners and incorruptible conduct, which had considerable influence among the people in Wei County. In the same year, he wrote a paper with Weixian Gao, making a running script of seven words, simplifying trees and introducing new February flowers. " Zheng Banqiao wrote a lot in wei county, and his> forty songs were particularly popular. Fifth, sell paintings again. Yangzhou citizens are children of Shunchu, so they should study more when they have time. "In the seven years of Guan Wei, Banqiao reached a new peak in terms of official management, poetry, calligraphy and painting, and the official management of literary names is very important to the times." Banqiao has been an official for ten years and has gained insight into the darkness of officialdom. His ambition of "contributing to the world and keeping people healthy" is hard to realize, and his intention in back in the game is increasing day by day. 1753, Zheng Banqiao was 61 years old. He worked for the welfare of the people and joined the government. When we arrived in Weifang, the people blocked the way, and every family made a portrait to offer sacrifices, and spontaneously set up a shrine for Zheng Banqiao in Weicheng Island Temple. After leaving office, Banqiao made a living by selling paintings, traveled between Yangzhou and Xinghua, and interacted with fellow painters and poets. 1754, Zheng Banqiao visited Hangzhou. After Qiantang, go to Huiji, explore Yu's point, visit Lanting, and go back and forth. 1757, 65 years old, participated in the restoration of Hongqiao hosted by Yu Jianzeng, the traffic Commissioner of Huaibei, got to know Yuan Mei and had poetry exchanges. During this period, Banqiao made many paintings and calligraphy works, which were widely circulated. 1766 65438+1October 22nd (December 12th, 30th year of Qianlong) Banqiao died and was buried in Ruanzhuang, Chengguan, xinghua city at the age of 73. Zheng Banqiao's two sons died young, and the son of Zheng Mo, Emperor Taizong, inherited Tian Si. Zheng Banqiao is good at painting bamboo, orchids, stones, pines and chrysanthemums. , and is famous for its elegant appearance and strong style. He advocated that the ancient law should not be ignored, and the law should be natural and enjoyable. He put forward a three-stage painting theory of "having bamboo in the eye", "having bamboo in the chest" and "having bamboo in the hand". He combined thoughtful thoughts with skillful pen and ink skills, and Banqiao took cursive script as the backbone to draw bamboo, which received the artistic effect of "not being chaotic and sparse, getting rid of the habits of the times and having great power". The bamboo painted by Banqiao is lifelike, with both form and spirit. The intention is to write first, and the interests are outside the law. The orchids painted by Banqiao are mostly orchids from Shan Ye, and the brilliant nature of orchids is described with strong cursive brushstrokes. Banqiao painted stone, and the bone method used a pen. First, the outline of the stone was drawn, and sometimes Lanzhu was used, which was very harmonious and unified. Zheng Banqiao's paintings brought fresh vitality to the book circle of the Qing Dynasty at that time. Intellectuals and working people regard it as a treasure, and they pay a lot of money to buy it, which is widely circulated. According to legend, Zheng Banqiao Painting Fan, Zheng Banqiao was appointed as the county magistrate of Wei County in his later years in Qing Dynasty. One day in autumn, he went to the market incognito and saw an old lady selling fans staring blankly on a pile of unattended fans. Zheng Banqiao caught up with him and picked up a fan, which was as white as snow without words or pictures. Now that we have missed the season of using fans, naturally no one will buy them. Zheng Banqiao learned from the investigation that the old lady's family was poor and decided to help her. So Zheng Banqiao borrowed a pen, ink and inkstone from a shop and splashed ink with a pen. I saw bamboo in Ran Ran, vanilla, autumn chrysanthemum in Ao Shuang, falling snow and cold plum dancing on the fan, which was poetic and picturesque, making the poems and paintings on the fan set each other off. The spectators around rushed to buy, and soon, a bunch of fans sold out.