Twenty-four solar terms are the time knowledge system and practice formed by China people by observing the annual movement of the sun. After the formation of the Yellow River Basin, it was gradually popularized as a guide to the production and life time of farming society. The resulting seasonal culture and health culture have gradually become an important part of China traditional culture. Many of them still have positive guiding significance for human health in modern society. I have compiled a guide to health care in the twenty-four solar terms for everyone.
There are degrees in spring, but less acid is sweeter.
Proper exercise and optimism
Spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, which means the beginning of spring. There is a folk custom of eating radish "biting spring". In the view of Professor Chen Diping, the leader of TCM health discipline in Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, spring is the season when the human body's yang is rising, so we should eat more sweet food, and radish just meets this demand. At the same time, radish has the effects of promoting digestion, invigorating spleen, moistening lung and resolving phlegm, and has a positive effect on preventing digestive problems caused by excessive cooking oil and insufficient exercise during the Spring Festival.
February 18 or 19 is a rainy solar term every year, and it is one of the solar terms with the most cold waves in the whole year, which is prone to the phenomenon of "cold spring", which is known as "spring covers autumn freezing" among the people. "Sun Simiao mentioned in" A Thousand Daughters Should Be Prescribed "that clothes should be" thick under and thin on "in spring, and pay attention to keeping your lower body warm. Of course, whether it is "spring" depends on the weather. The temperature of' spring' should be warm, so you can't sweat. "Chen Diping warned.
The temperature rises fastest around the year, and some folk areas have the custom of eating pears. "This is actually a certain scientific basis. The rainfall increase in most areas is limited, and the climate is relatively dry, so it is easy to get thirsty and cough due to exogenous factors. Pears are cold and sweet, and have the effects of clearing away heat and nourishing yin, relieving sore throat and promoting fluid production, moistening lungs and relieving cough. " Chen Diping said, "At the same time, pears are rich in fruit acid, iron and vitamins, which is especially suitable for this season. However, pears are not suitable for people with spleen and stomach deficiency and thin stools. When eating pears, it is recommended to cook rock sugar, which can not only avoid the cold, but also help to moisten the stomach and lungs. "
The vernal equinox is a period in which yin and yang are balanced, day and night are equal, and cold and summer are equally divided. Chen Diping introduced that the yang of the human body in the spring equinox conforms to nature and has the characteristics of rising upwards and outwards. Confucius said, "from time to time, you don't eat." At this time, it is most timely to eat fresh shepherd's purse, spring leek, willow bud, Toona sinensis bud, Malantou, spring bamboo shoots, asparagus, carrots and other spring bud foods. But it should be noted that don't overdo it, and pay attention to a balanced and moderate diet.
Qingming means that the sky is high and the clouds are light, and the land is refreshing. When the weather is clear, the rising of the spirit of the sun begins to accelerate, bringing more "living" energy to everything. Tomb-Sweeping Day is also a traditional festival in China to pay homage to ancestors. Paying homage to our ancestors and remembering our old friends will inevitably lead to excessive sadness. Chen Diping suggested that white tea, green tea (a small amount), chrysanthemum tea and jasmine tea are all good health drinks, which help to reconcile emotions and soothe the liver and stomach. Of course, Tomb-Sweeping Day is also an outing festival. It is also a kind of relaxation to have an outing while sweeping sacrifices. In some areas of Tomb-Sweeping Day, it is customary to eat cold food, rice cakes and green balls. Chen Diping reminded that these cold, greasy and sticky products are easy to hurt stomach yang and should be eaten as little as possible.
Grain Rain is the last solar term in spring, which comes from the old saying "Rain gives birth to a hundred valleys". During Grain Rain, pollen and other particles in the air are higher than usual, which is the most likely to cause allergic symptoms. Chen Diping reminded that people with allergies should try to choose outdoor sports when the pollen index is the lowest, such as early morning or after taking a shower. With the approach of summer, there are more spring rains in the south and other places. Keep the room clean in spring, avoid microbial growth, and pay attention to wind and dehumidification.
Reasonable cooling and balanced diet in summer.
Healthy exercise, hydration in the morning and evening.
May 5 or 6 every year is a long summer. In the past, people regarded the long summer as an important solar term in which the temperature rose obviously, approaching the heat and thunderstorms increased. Li, a professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that bitter foods, such as bitter gourd, bitter vegetables and green tea, can be properly supplemented in summer. Bitter food can reduce fire and damp, nourish heart and clear heat. Modern research also shows that alkaloids contained in bitter food have the functions of diminishing inflammation, relieving fever, promoting blood circulation and relaxing blood vessels.
Xiaoman means that the seeds of summer crops have borne fruit and started to be full, but they are not yet mature. Xiaoman also indicates that the hot and humid summer is coming. People often think that after the weather turns hot, the diet should be light, blindly follow the light route, eat less or even not eat more nutritious food, but the combination of meat and vegetables and reasonable nutrition is the correct way to maintain health. Li reminded that in Xiaoman season, everything flourishes and grows most vigorously, and human physiological activities consume the most nutrients. Therefore, timely and appropriate nutrition supplementation can protect internal organs from damage.
The word "awn seed" means "the wheat with awn is harvested quickly, and the rice with awn can be planted". "Miscanthus" is also called "busy planting", which means that farmers have started a busy field life. At this time, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China began to enter the rainy season, the air was very humid, the weather was very sultry, all kinds of articles were prone to mildew, and mosquitoes began to breed. According to Deng Cong, director of Nansha Campus of Guangzhou First People's Hospital, in the canopy season, moisture permeates everywhere, and some people will choose to close doors and windows to prevent moisture, which will accelerate the reproduction of microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria and affect the indoor environment and human health. The correct way is to open the window frequently to keep the indoor air fresh. If possible, air conditioning can be used for dehumidification.
The summer solstice is the longest day in the northern hemisphere in a year, and the surface heat is still accumulating, but it has not yet reached its strongest. However, heatstroke prevention has been put on the agenda, and drinking mung bean soup is one of the most common ways to relieve summer heat. Chinese medicine believes that mung beans are sweet and cool, non-toxic, and have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving summer heat and relieving annoyance, quenching thirst, invigorating stomach, diuresis and detumescence. "But people with spleen and stomach deficiency or cold constitution should not use it. In addition, people suffering from iron deficiency anemia and taking iron agents are also prohibited from eating mung beans. Because mung beans are rich in phosphorus, it is not conducive to the absorption of iron by the human body. " Li reminded.
Summer solar terms, the temperature continues to rise, followed by dog days. There is a folk saying called "Summer training in dog days". Li reminded that personally, whether it is traditional health-keeping exercise or modern sports, doing what you can and aerobic exercise are the basic principles. Never cling to "summer training is in the dog days", and take strong actions to avoid exhaustion, exhaustion and even heatstroke and fainting. In addition, working too long in high temperature environment, being exposed to the sun for too long in summer, and crowded people lead to heat dissipation difficulties, which are easy to cause heatstroke. Li Jian suggested that in order to prevent heatstroke, it is necessary to arrange the rest time reasonably, take measures to prevent heatstroke when going out, and drink more cold salt, boiled water and mung bean soup. Take Huoxiang Zhengqi Water to prevent it if necessary.
Summer solar terms are just around "midsummer", which is the hottest period in a year, and cooling down has become the top priority. Now heatstroke prevention and cooling are inseparable from air conditioning, but Li reminded that long-term use of air conditioning can easily make indoor air mobility worse, leading to microbial growth, and excessive indoor and outdoor temperature difference can easily lead to colds. Therefore, we should pay attention to reducing the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, change wet clothes and dry sweat in time when entering the air-conditioned room, and avoid standing in front of the air-conditioned outlet. Of course, natural ventilation is the most ideal for cooling rooms in summer.
Autumn tonic should prevent dryness and cold.
Go to bed early and get up early to get out of autumn depression.
Beginning of autumn means the beginning of autumn. Although there is still the afterglow of "autumn tiger", the overall trend is gradually cooling down. There is a folk saying that "autumn is good" and "the beginning of autumn replenishment". Wu Yichun, deputy director of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that the beginning of autumn tonic depends on his physical fitness, and not everyone needs it. Now with the improvement of living standards, most people's physical condition is in a state of overnutrition. At this time, if you eat high-calorie food, your body will be unable to eat.
August 23rd or 24th every year is summer, and "going out" means ending, indicating that summer is about to pass. Summer is an allergic period. As the saying goes, "When autumn comes, rhinitis will be in trouble." When summer and autumn alternate every year, the temperature drops, and some people will have allergic rhinitis symptoms such as itchy nose, stuffy nose, sneezing and runny nose. Wu Yichun suggested that under the guidance of doctors, standardized and systematic use of antiallergic drugs to control symptoms, combined with Chinese medicine prescriptions and other Chinese medicine therapies to treat symptoms. At the same time, we must pay attention to strengthening exercise, preventing cold and keeping warm, and enhancing immunity.
After the Millennium, the temperature began to drop, the weather turned cold, and there was dew on the vegetation in the morning. There is a saying that "the Millennium does not reveal the body", and there is also a saying among the people that "the face is covered in spring and the autumn is frozen". Regarding these two contradictory statements, Wu Yichun pointed out that autumn freezing cannot be simply understood as wearing less, but should be a scientific "autumn freezing". In early autumn, freezing is good for health. In late autumn, the temperature drops, and it will be counterproductive to insist on "autumn freezing" blindly. Moreover, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic stomach diseases, respiratory diseases, arthritis and diabetes, as well as elderly people with poor body regulation and growing infants and young children, are strictly prohibited from "autumn freezing".
The autumnal equinox, also known as the landing point, is equal in length between day and night and equally divided in autumn. After the autumnal equinox, the dryness of the sky is becoming more and more obvious, and the importance of preventing dryness is increasing. Wu Yichun introduced that dryness hurts people and is easy to hurt body fluids. When body fluids are consumed, there will be symptoms such as dry mouth, dry nose, dry throat, dry skin and even chapped skin. To prevent autumn dryness, you can eat more foods rich in vitamins, and you can also choose some Chinese medicines that nourish yin and replenish qi. Going to bed early and getting up early in daily life can make the body full of body fluid and energy.
Cold dew, lower temperature, colder dew, everything gradually falls with the cold, and "an autumn rain and a cold" has become a high incidence of colds. Wu Yichun reminded that Chinese medicine can be divided into wind-cold colds and wind-heat colds. Taking medicine blindly without distinguishing the types of colds can not only treat colds, but may also aggravate the condition. In view of wind-cold cold, parsley, onion or ginger can be cooked in the early stage of cold to achieve the effect of relieving exterior syndrome and dispelling cold. For wind-heat cold, Radix Isatidis or Chinese patent medicine for clearing away heat and toxic materials can be used.
The first frost is the last solar term in autumn. In late autumn, the wind is bleak, the rain is miserable, and the trees and leaves are falling, which makes people feel that the change of seasons is easy to worry. According to Wu Yichun, after autumn, the pineal gland in the human brain relatively secretes melatonin, and people's mood is correspondingly low and negative. Therefore, adjust your mood appropriately, go outdoors, feel the beauty of natural seasonal changes, and drive away the depression of autumn.
Take proper supplements in winter and keep warm.
Moderate exercise, peace of mind
Beginning of winter not only represents the beginning of winter, but also means collecting everything to avoid the cold. There is a folk saying that "winter will make up for the tiger in the coming year" and "winter will make up for one winter in the past three years, and there will be no disease in the coming year". According to Professor Wei Wu, director of the Internal Medicine Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese medicine believes that winter is the best season for tonic, but not everyone can do it, and individual tonic is needed according to physical fitness. According to the principle of "deficiency is tonic" and "cold is warm" in traditional Chinese medicine, foods that warm and tonify yang qi are used to improve the cold tolerance of the body. Watermelon, cucumber and bitter gourd are cool, so eat less.
Light snow is the second solar term after winter. Because of the cold outside, heavy clothes, indoor heating, evaporation of body heat and insufficient drinking water, it is easy to breed internal fire, which is manifested as dry nose and mouth, oral ulcer and so on. Wei Wu suggested drinking some soups to relieve body heat, such as Chinese cabbage tofu pork soup, spinach sliced pork soup, mutton red and white radish soup, etc. Moreover, Chinese cabbage and radish are both seasonal foods in winter, which are rich in vitamins and various trace elements and are very suitable for eating. You can also drink some light tea, such as Longjing tea, Maojian tea and jasmine tea.
Snow and solar terms, the weather began to get cold, strong winds, heavy snow, sudden drop in temperature will often appear, Wei Wu reminded that this is the high incidence of colds, respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular and other diseases, and needs active prevention. In addition to not eating raw food, eat more warm food such as beef and mutton, and pay attention to keep warm, especially protect your head, chest (back) and feet to prevent the common cold and cold evil. In addition, going to bed early and getting up late, and exercising properly will help to improve immunity. At this time, the soup spectrum should be nourishing, such as angelica ginger mutton soup, mushroom chicken soup and so on. And you can also drink some tea that warms your stomach, such as aged Pu 'er, black tea, dried tangerine peel and ginger tea.
The winter solstice is the year with the shortest day and the longest night in the northern hemisphere. After the solstice winter, three or nine days began. According to Wei Wu, the folk proverb says: "Exercise in winter", participating in winter sports can enhance physical fitness, promote blood circulation, improve cold resistance and relieve brain fatigue. However, the choice of exercise varies from person to person. Extreme sports such as winter swimming are suitable for people with strong physique, no cardiopulmonary disease and no hypertension. The general population can choose jogging, aerobics, Tai Ji Chuan, Baduanjin and indoor equipment exercises.
Slight cold is generally the lowest temperature solar term in a year. There is a folk saying in the north that "a slight cold is better than a severe cold, which is common but not rare". Wei Wu warned that human blood vessels "contract when they are cold". Eating more high-calorie foods to keep out the cold in winter is easy to induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Patients at risk of such diseases need to monitor their blood pressure and heart rate and adjust the use of antihypertensive drugs under the guidance of doctors. Middle-aged and elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases are advised to carry nitroglycerin tablets or aromatic Chinese patent medicines with them in case of emergency.
Great cold is the last solar term in a year. With the handover of beginning of spring, we can already feel the signs of the return of spring, and the function of human vitality will also start. According to Wang, director of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, severe cold and slight cold are slightly different in diet. First of all, we should gradually reduce the amount of replenishment to adapt to the seasonal changes. When tonic, we should add some foods with the functions of ascending and dispersing, strengthening the spleen and regulating qi, so as to prepare for the characteristics of ascending and dispersing in spring.