Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common and frequently-occurring disease in spinal surgery, and it is the most common cause of low back pain and low back pain.

It is mainly because all parts of lumbar intervertebral disc (nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and cartilage plate), especially nucleus pulposus, have different degrees of degenerative changes. Under the action of external factors, the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc breaks, and the nucleus pulposus tissue protrudes backward or out of the spinal canal, which leads to the stimulation or compression of the adjacent spinal nerve roots, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms such as lumbar pain, numbness and pain in one or both lower limbs.

The root cause of lumbar disc herniation is lumbar disc degeneration and abnormal bearing.

On the basis of degeneration, as long as there are inducing factors that can lead to a sudden increase in disc pressure, the nucleus pulposus with poor elasticity may pass through the fibrous ring that has become less tough, leading to nucleus pulposus protrusion.

Lumbar disc herniation is related to heredity, pregnancy and congenital malformation of lumbosacral region. The pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation is very complicated, and each pathological stage may be the result of one or several factors, and different factors may aggravate each other at different stages, aggravating lumbar disc herniation.

Lumbar disc herniation is more common in men. This is because the proportion of men engaged in manual labor in social work is greater than that of women, and there are more opportunities to induce lumbar disc herniation.