First of all, briefly introduce Wushu routines.
Routine is a unique form of China Wushu, and it is also a major technical feature that distinguishes it from other Wushu. Wushu routine is a series of action combinations with offensive and defensive significance. Various schools of China Wushu have many routines that show their own characteristics, and most of them are gradual. Beginners and people who have practiced for a long time learn different routines. At present, although Wushu athletes learn many different styles of routines at the same time, most of them are not clear about their offensive and defensive meanings.
In traditional Wushu, routines are often practiced separately in the early stage, so that learners can understand the meaning of luck, attack and defense. This kind of repeated practice is only for reflexively using the corresponding moves in actual combat, and also for carefully understanding the effect of the moves. For example, Guo, a master of Xingyiquan, is known as "half a step to conquer the world". He always hits the enemy with one move. Strictly speaking, only half a move is enough to defeat the opponent.
Second, the causes of Wushu routines
There is still a lack of unified understanding of the reasons for the formation of China Wushu routines in the performance of stick in Wushu competitions.
[1] The reason for the routine is to improve the soldiers' physical fitness and enhance their combat effectiveness. Or add artistic elements to the performance.
[2] Routine is to keep the offensive and defensive movements of Wushu as the basic training means of Wushu. Others, starting from the traditional etiquette in China, think that the emergence of Wushu routines is due to the need of etiquette.
Third, the motive force of Wushu routine development.
This paper expounds the motivation of the development of Wushu routines from three aspects: human physiological needs, psychological needs and the social function of Wushu itself.
Wushu is a unique traditional sport in China and a treasure in the cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. There are not only fitness functions, but also martial arts performances. Because of its rich content and various forms, it is of great significance to active cultural life. After the founding of New China, Wushu has become one of the most extensive and popular sports, and has developed vigorously and healthily. At the same time, through international sports exchanges, China Wushu is popular all over the world and is gradually loved by people all over the world.
Wushu mainly includes two action forms: attack and routine. Wushu routine is a set of practice forms based on the changing rules of offensive and defensive actions, dynamic and static actions, and contradictory actions such as combining rigidity with softness, which is called "routine actions". It is generally believed that routine exercise is a highly refined and artistic expression of Wushu, which comes from Wushu and is higher than Wushu, and is the highest expression form of Wushu. The reason why it is the highest form of Wushu is that it comes from Wushu and is further standardized and artistic. Just as literature and art come from life and are higher than life, most of the movements in the routine are based on martial arts, which still maintains the practical side of martial arts, with both offensive and defensive characteristics and fitness significance.
1, people's physiological needs are the reasons for the emergence and development of routine sports.
In primitive society, low productivity and huge fierce beasts are a great threat to the survival of primitive people. Hunting is a necessary activity for primitive human survival. Hunters are also soldiers, weapons in battle, that is, hunting tools. The harsh living conditions force human beings to constantly improve their physical strength and intelligence, and develop the offensive and defensive fighting skills with bare hands or simple weapons in the process of collective labor and tribal wars. Such as kicking, dodging, jumping, falling, etc. This is the bud of boxing. Split, split, stab, stab and pull are the seeds of the use of long and short instruments in Wushu. It can be seen that Wushu originated from productive labor.
After the victory of the war or during the labor break, people often perform the winning skills of fighting and hunting in the form of "dance" to show their martial arts and honor. In this form of "dance", offensive and defensive actions are abstractly reproduced, with the purpose of expressing one's feelings or performing offensive and defensive methods. There is no fixed action standard for the successful use of one punch, one leg, one blow and one stab in war. So in the process of dance practice, there is no hard and fast procedure. After a long history, with the development of social material production, people's fighting dance methods are constantly improving. This kind of dance practice without programs has gradually become a "martial dance" with programs and themes. In the future, with more and more artistic factors of "dance", the offensive and defensive fighting factors of "Wu" decreased, which became an artistic activity that people particularly appreciated, and the dance practice forms and rich practice skills in "Wu" became the main content of routine skills in the future.