pharmacological action
1, influence on digestive system:
Effect on gastrointestinal motility: fennel can promote intestinal peristalsis in rabbits in vivo. Anethole (2.5× 10(-5)g/ml) can stimulate the isolated intestine of mice, but it relaxes when the concentration increases, and the relaxed intestine does not respond to acetylcholine.
The volatile oil of fennel has an initial exciting effect on the isolated intestine of mice, and then it has a relaxing effect, which is about 25% papaverine, 28% anethole, 3% anisaldehyde, 4% limonene and 65,438+0% cineole. The volatile oil acted on the longitudinal muscle bundle of guinea pig ileum to enhance its contraction, and the EC50 was 6-7μg/ml.
The acetone extract of fennel has an exciting effect on the isolated rectum of quail. The active ingredient is anethole, and the contraction reaction is histamine-like. The tiny balloon filled with water was implanted into the pyloric sphincter layer of rabbits, and the changes of internal pressure of the balloon were recorded to observe the gastric movement.
In the state that intravenous pentobarbital sodium inhibits gastric motility, oral fennel 24mg/kg can significantly restore gastric motility, especially 30 minutes and 35 minutes after administration, which is very significant compared with the control group.
Anti-ulcer effect: Fennel 600mg/kg duodenum or oral administration inhibited gastric juice secretion of rats by about 38.9%, gastric juice secretion of Shay ulcer by 34.9% and gastric juice secretion of stress ulcer by 33.8%. However, oral fennel powder or duodenal administration has no obvious effect on aspirin-induced ulcer or stress ulcer in rats.
Cholagogic effect: Xiaoyinxiang has cholagogic effect, which can promote bile secretion and increase bile solid content.
2. Effect on trachea: Fennel volatile oil has relaxing effect on tracheal smooth muscle of guinea pigs. Dissolving the volatile oil in 12% ethanol and giving it to anesthetized guinea pigs can increase the secretion of fluid in the trachea and cut off the gastric nerve without any effect. This effect is not thought to be caused by gastric reaction.
3. Effect on liver: After partial hepatectomy, rats were given fennel volatile oil 10 day, the liver tissue regeneration increased and the liver weight increased compared with the control group.
4. Sex hormone-like effect: After taking fennel acetone extract 15 days, the total protein content of testis and vas deferens decreased, while the total protein content of testis and prostate increased obviously, and the acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of these organs decreased.
Female rats treated with acetone extract for 10 day showed vaginal angulation and sexual cycle promotion, and the weight of breast, fallopian tube, endometrium and myometrium increased, suggesting that fennel has estrogen-like effect. In addition, it is reported that the effective components are anethole and its polymers such as dimerized anethole.
5, other effects: fennel volatile oil and anethole have a central paralysis effect on frogs, and have a slight excitation effect on frog myocardium, which in turn causes paralysis. Nerves and muscles are paralyzed like arrow poison, and the excitability of muscles themselves is weakened. The plant polysaccharide extracted from fennel has anti-tumor effect. The volatile oil has bactericidal effect on fungal spores, avian tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus.
Extended data:
cultivation techniques
Reproduce with seeds. Spring sowing in March-April: autumn sowing in September-65438+1October, drilling, ditching, row spacing of 25cm, ditch depth of 5-7 cm; It can also be planted in holes, and holes are opened according to the row spacing and plant spacing of 30cm×30cm. After mixing with fine soil, evenly spread the seeds into the ditch or hole, cover with 1.5-2.5cm, and press slightly. The seed dosage is 1hm 2 15-30k g. Appears in 10- 15d.
Field management seedling height 10- 12cm, 2 per hole. When the seedling height is 20-23cm, each hole 1 plant. At the initial stage of growth, the intertillage should be shallow, and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied mainly; Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at the initial flowering stage to promote flowering and fruiting. In case of drought, irrigation should be done in time.
Pest control diseases include gray spot disease. Before sowing, the seeds can be soaked in water at 50℃ for 3-5 minutes, dried and sown. The fruit is damaged by the yellow-winged fennel moth, and 72 16 microbial insecticidal powder can be sprayed to control the larvae, and the effect can reach 87%-99%.
Baidu encyclopedia-fennel
Traditional Chinese Medicine Family-China Pharmacopoeia: Fennel