(1) Select fine breed chickens.
Laying hens with low weight and high feed utilization rate should be selected; Medium weight is suitable for the same variety. For the same amount of eggs laid, larger chickens consume more feed than smaller ones.
(2) Broken beak
When chicks are 6-9 days old, beak breaking can effectively prevent pecking addiction, and each chick can save 3.5 grams of feed every day during the growing period and 5.5 grams during the laying period. Save feed per egg 12g.
(3) Caging
Because of the stable environment, small activity and high feeding density, cage culture reduces heat dissipation, so the food consumption is also reduced accordingly. It is estimated that cage culture can save 20% ~ 30% of feed compared with free-range culture.
(4) Carrying out protective feeding.
The optimum temperature for laying hens is 13 ~ 2 1℃. In winter, when the house temperature is lower than 8℃, every1000 chicken should eat 1.5 kg feed every day, and the laying rate will decrease. The hot weather in summer reduces the feed intake and laying rate of chickens. Therefore, appropriate protective measures should be taken in production, such as heatstroke prevention and cooling in summer, cold protection and heat preservation in winter, so as to provide suitable environmental conditions for the growth and development of chickens, which is conducive to laying more eggs and saving feed. According to the experiment, if the temperature of henhouse is properly raised in winter, each chicken can save 3. 1g of crude protein every day.
(5) Close the feed.
Don't feed moldy and deteriorated feed to ensure complete nutrition of feed, because incomplete nutrition of feed is the biggest waste. In addition, the feed should not be crushed too fine, otherwise it will easily lead to feeding difficulties and waste of feed dust.
(6) Mix ingredients according to seasons
Chickens consume more calories in winter, so the proportion of energy feed should be appropriately increased (accounting for 65% ~ 70% of the total feed), and the proportion of energy feed should be appropriately reduced in summer.
(7) Use alternative materials
The feed price in protein, especially fish meal, is relatively high. Use some cheap insects, earthworms, local fish and shrimp, by-products of meat processing, leftovers of aquatic products, powder residue, bean curd residue, sugar residue, distiller's grains, etc. After proper processing and modulation, it can greatly reduce the feed cost to feed chickens instead of part of protein feed.
(8) Use feed additives
The use of additives can improve the utilization rate of protein in feed and also help to reduce feed cost. It is reported that adding 0. 1% methionine to common feed can improve the utilization ratio of feed protein by 2% ~ 3%. Adding lysine can reduce crude protein consumption by 3% ~ 4%; Adding feed additives such as vitamin B 12 can also improve the utilization rate of feed crude protein.
(9) vitamin c supplementation.
Adding 50 grams of vitamin C per 1000 kg of chicken feed can improve the egg laying rate by more than 10% and save feed by more than 15%.
(10) Feed gravel
Supplementing gravel once a week is helpful to grind feed in chicken muscle stomach, help it digest and absorb, and improve feed digestibility by 3% ~ 8%.
(1 1) Improved chute structure
The trough for feeding chickens should have a sharp bottom, a big belly and a small mouth. This kind of trough is filled with a lot of materials, so it is not easy for chickens to peck out feed, and chickens can eat leftovers. As for the height of the trough, the main criterion should be that chickens can eat freely. The feeding amount of the tank should not be too full, generally controlled at one third of the tank height, otherwise it is easy to cause waste.
(12) Ensure adequate drinking water.
A chicken needs 340 ml of water to lay an egg. If there is water shortage during egg laying, the egg production can be reduced by 30%.
(13) timely deworming
If chickens are parasitized by parasites, the nutrients transformed from chicken feed will be absorbed by parasites, resulting in the evil result of "seemingly raising chickens, but actually raising worms". Therefore, it is generally necessary to deworm chickens every 30 to 60 days.
(14) eliminate roosters in time
Cocks generally eat 20% ~ 25% more feed than hens, and redundant cocks should be eliminated in time; The male-female ratio of breeder chickens should be kept at 1: 15, and that of commercial laying hens at 1: 20.
(15) Eliminating low-yield hens
There are often 10% ~ 30% low-yield chickens in the flock. If the low-yield chickens are eliminated, the egg production of the chickens will not be significantly reduced, but the feed can be greatly saved.