Some scholars have counted the average life expectancy of these emperors. Their conclusions are not consistent, but they are not much different. Some say it's 39, some say it's 39.6, and some say it's 4 1.
In a word, the average life expectancy of emperors is about 40 years old, which is only half of that of famous doctors and eminent monks with years of life records in history. The emperor lived longer than the famous doctor and monk, and it was simply weak.
The emperor of China had the best material conditions and medical services at that time. Why didn't he live longer?
▲ The age distribution of 300 emperors shows that more than 60% of them live under 50 years old. The table is quoted from Shi Ling's song "The Emperor's Health and Politics-A Study of the Emperor's Diseases in Song Dynasty".
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The material living conditions are too good, and sometimes I do health preservation. Emperors are rich all over the world, and they devote themselves to serving one person, so that they can be pampered and eat rich, sweet and delicious food, and it is easy to get rich, which is what we call "rich disease".
Generally speaking, fatty and thick foods have high cholesterol content, which is easy to make atherosclerosis, leading to hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, obesity and so on.
Many people in history books died of illness. Fan Xingzhun, a famous medical scientist, believes that people who died without disease in ancient times were not "disease-free", and the cause of death was related to cerebrovascular diseases in Dachuan besides heart disease.
For example, during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Qian Jian, Southern Yan Murong De, Xia Lianbo, Qian Gui, Shou, and Bei Liangju Qu Mengxun died of "sleeping sickness", all of which may have died of cerebrovascular diseases.
Compared with other dynasties, the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases in the Song Dynasty was the highest. Among the nine emperors in the Northern Song Dynasty, four emperors, Zhenzong, Renzong, Yingzong and Zongshen, all suffered from cerebrovascular diseases. They have some common characteristics in the attack of cerebrovascular disease, such as poor speech or silence, inconvenient movement and other symptoms.
Jia? In March of the eighth year (1063), Zhao Zhen, a 54-year-old Song Renzong native, suddenly suffered from acute cerebrovascular disease at night. After the onset, she developed aphasia. It's no use asking the medical officer to prescribe medicine. She died two hours later.
Speaking of obesity, the most famous one should be Liu in the Southern Song Dynasty. Liu? Accumulate dead species in our garden? Tired? Around the frozen courtyard, why didn't you tell me? Huang cheng? L, spit bacon flavor to two hundred ". This appetite is simply the rhythm of death. Later, when he was too fat to have sex, he forced his brothers and sisters to get pregnant and enter the palace. When he gave birth to a boy, he killed his mother and took away the sons of the two brothers. He was only 34 when he died.
Emperor Zhu Gaochi was also very fat. According to the records of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Gaochi was obese and unable to move. He always needs two attendants to help him move, and he always stumbles. Although he was the eldest son of the Ming emperor Judy, Judy didn't like him because he was so fat that he could hardly ascend to the throne.
However, although Zhu Gaochi ascended the throne as he wished, he died of drug addiction. He died 65,438+00 months later at the age of 47.
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"I feel that my body has been hollowed out", and many emperors will send out similar feelings.
For the emperor who enjoys himself, facing many harem beauties, he knows that indulgence is not good for health, and restraint of lust and sexual intercourse can keep him healthy, but he just can't control the secretion of androgen.
The minions of the Northern Qi Emperor once advised to eat, drink and be merry, saying, "Since ancient times, emperors have had ashes, and so have Yao, Shun, Jie and Zhou. Your majesty wants to be young, have fun, and be happy for a thousand years. "
This kind of "good words" is as easy as blowing off dust for Gao Zhan. After only four years as emperor, he died of excessive debauchery at the age of 32.
Zhao Xu, a teenager in Song Zhezong, indulged in excess, which led to the symptoms of chronic prostatitis, such as "low back pain, unscrewing white objects" and "excessive slippage". At the age of 24, he died because of excessive sexual intercourse, weak body, decreased resistance and aggravated tuberculosis symptoms.
After Song Zhezong's death, Evonne of Hui Zong acceded to the throne because he had no children. Song Huizong did not have the ability to govern the country, but he showed special talent and talent in indulging in womanhood. According to historical records, Song Huizong said: "On the fifth and seventh days, a virgin will be granted royal status and her luck will be renewed." . The integral promotion system was originally his invention.
After Song Qinzong acceded to the throne, he "released more than 6,000 maids". On this basis, Song people estimated that the number of maids in Hui Zong period was "tens of thousands".
His son Song Gaozong Zhao Gou is not a casual person. He is not a casual person. Historical records record that "lust is like a father, and maids die more." In other words, Zhao Gou is very capable. She often kills maids.
The last emperor in China who died of indulgence should be the young Tongzhi emperor.
It is said that Emperor Tongzhi was addicted to Toy Boy in his early years and was often carried by a little eunuch and the son of Prince Gong? 5. Why don't you do it? ⒎? Youye spent the night in Cheng Nan Liulichang and some tea gardens, wineries, brothels and flower streets in Eight Hutong. It was not until the next morning that I sneaked back to the palace unnoticed, so that sometimes I was drunk when I summoned the Minister of Military Affairs, and I couldn't say why.
Emperor Tongzhi died young at the age of 19. The official disease is smallpox, and people have been rumored to be syphilis.
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Taking Dan medicine is also the death method of many emperors. Some emperors feel that their bodies have been hollowed out, and they are in urgent need of strengthening yang and tonifying kidney; Some emperors pursue immortality, hoping to realize their wish of immortality. They go the same way, that is, an alchemist takes medicine.
The results often backfired, leading to the rapid death of many emperors.
Emperor Sima Pi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty "Mourning for the Old, Breaking?" B, "baiting longevity medicine", taking too much, led to poisoning, and soon hung up, when he was less than 25 years old.
Northern Wei Taizu Tuoba? It is a typical cold food powder poisoning, or not eating for a few days, or not sleeping for a long time, which makes ministers feel insecure and bear a grudge. Cold food powder poisoning did not kill Daowudi, but it was an important cause of his death.
But when it comes to drug abuse, the emperors of Tang Dynasty and Ming Dynasty are the craziest.
According to Mr. Wang Yongping's statistics, among the 2 1 emperors in the Tang Dynasty, at least 1 1 emperors were obsessed with paying their respects at that time, namely, Emperor Taizong, Tang Gaozong, Wu Zetian, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Tang Xianzong, Tang Muzong, Tang Jingzong, Tang Wenzong, Tang Wuzong, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Tang Xizong.
Many emperors died because of this. For example, Emperor Taizong had a sudden illness because he ate the longevity medicine prepared by monk Hu. Tang Muzong Hengli was poisoned and died suddenly by taking alchemist's medicine. Tang Wuzong Li Yan "attaches importance to the alchemist, takes food and takes pictures, and personally collects the dharma?" . Even manic and moody, and finally died of poisoning.
The emperor seldom learned a lesson from the high mortality rate of drugs. Of the 2/kloc-0 emperors in the Ming Dynasty, 9 took Dan medicine. The reasons why they take drugs are not only seeking longevity, but also treating diseases, helping prostitutes and seeking heirs. Zhu Gaochi probably got an incurable disease because of excessive sexual life. After taking Dan medicine, he wanted to see a doctor and died of poisoning.
After taking Dan medicine, Emperor Jiajing often tortured harem girls, which aroused the rebellion of the court and was almost strangled by more than a dozen maids. His son, Emperor Qin Long, is even more ridiculous. After taking Dan medicine, "the penis doesn't wait day and night, and it can't look at the DPRK." They took Dan medicine containing arsenic, mercury and cinnabar for a long time and finally died of indulgence.
The list of people who died of poisoning finally ushered in a heavyweight emperor-Yong Zhengdi.
According to North Korean historical records, Yongzheng was greedy for women in his later years, terminally ill and unable to move for a long time from the waist down. This may be the reason why he takes Dan medicine all the year round.
In a word, Yongzheng was obsessed with the magical effect of Dan medicine, but he lost his life. He died at the age of 58, which was shorter than Kangxi, Qianlong and even Jiaqing and Daoguang.
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In fact, it is not easy to be an emperor, and it is even harder to live.
Generally speaking, emperors died in relatively peaceful and stable dynasties, such as the Western Han Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. When wars and disputes, imperial power decline or a dynasty is about to die, emperors often die of unnatural deaths, such as suicide and homicide in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and Five Dynasties. Nearly one third of the more than 300 emperors in China died of suicide or homicide.
Only those emperors with high consciousness, good luck and the rise of the empire can live long. For example, Kangxi lived for 69 years.
Kangxi once said: "When we are old and have more experience, we will not be easily tempted. Whenever we see a Taoist boasting about his cultivation, we will talk big. " . But if you work hard for a few years, after all, like ordinary people, your teeth are white, old and tired. From this point of view, all magicians in the world are just deceiving tourists. Is the fairy coming to earth? "
This is a person who has experienced it.
His son Yongzheng didn't believe it and died before he was 60. His grandson Gan Long lived to be 89 years old, setting a record for the longest life of Emperor China.
refer to
Shoupeng Wang and Xiang Si: Palace Life in China, International Culture Publishing Company, 1992.
Pei: History Forgotten by History, Henan Literature and Art Publishing House, 2008.
Shi Lingge: Emperor's Health and Politics —— A Study of Emperor's Diseases in Song Dynasty, Ph.D. Thesis of Hebei University in China, 20 12.
Wang Yongping: "A Trial Interpretation of the Mystery of Dalbergia in Tang Dynasty", Historical Research No.4, 1999.
Cheng Zhiqiang: The Ming emperors took more pills, in Forbidden City No.4, 200 1.
Li Guorong: Yongzheng and Dan Dao, Research on the History of Qing Dynasty, No.2, 1999.
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