-Listen to Professor Liu Xiaolan's talk about "Li Yu" in the lecture room.

Drunk Li Yu: It's raining outside the window, but you're still intoxicated in your dream. With wandering eyes and haggard face, I feel your loneliness and loneliness. Infinite rivers and mountains, flowing water falling out of spring, you are sad day and night, you cry year after year ... Even the long Qinhuai drinking water can't wash away the sadness on your face; Even the bright sunshine in Jinling can't dispel the cold in your heart ... Spring flowers and autumn moon pierce your fiery soul. Carve a jade fence with a sigh. Being a poet is really unparalleled, and being a poor monarch is unfortunate. Sing in a low voice, be sad through the ages, and have a bitter drink! I am willing to accompany you to get drunk, so let this wine go away and walk with an east-flowing river. ...

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It must be said that history is ruthless, and it has endowed every dynasty with not only splendor, but also endless pain and scheming. More importantly, it refused to dedicate great rivers and mountains to any dynasty, and it refused to let any dynasty enjoy life for a long time. Therefore, it gave each dynasty a deadline and a memory. Among them: the duration is long and short; The monarch has joys and sorrows, some enforce the law impartially and some are greedy and cruel; There is a founding emperor and a last monarch; Of course, some of the "great achievements" in life are praised by the world, and some are spurned by the world. However, on the head of the last monarch of each dynasty, he rarely won the eyes of sympathy and understanding. They are either spurned and ridiculed by human beings or buried by the dust of history. History will never forgive their "crimes", so they have become notorious sinners through the ages. ...

In fact, among all the conquered kings, one has not been spurned by the world, but has aroused too many people's sympathy and regret. His writing is even more immortal and eye-catching. He is Li Yu, the king of national subjugation in the Southern Tang Dynasty.

2. Saint Amethyst

The Holy Amethyst is an ancient children's literacy textbook in China and a traditional children's enlightenment book in China. It was written in the Song Dynasty about 900 years ago. There is no accurate textual research on the origin of Saint Amethyst, but it was widely circulated as soon as it came out. In fact, it has become a universal children's textbook in China, and has been supplemented by later scholars for a long time. Three-character classics, hundreds of surnames and thousands of characters are collectively called "three thousand". It is worth noting that among the "three thousand", only "three" gained a lofty cultural status and was honored as "Beijing". Saint Amethyst, rooted in traditional culture, tells the importance of learning and education with the history of China as the material. Many of these ideas have been engraved in the ideological context of China people, such as "at the beginning of life, human nature is good", which is familiar to most people in China.

Although in the history of China's thought, the good and evil of human nature is inconclusive, the concept of "at the beginning of life, human nature is good" by Saint Amethyst embodies China culture's beautiful belief and expectation for human beings. On the one hand, Sanzijing thinks that human nature is good, on the other hand, it emphasizes the importance of acquired environment to human growth. The so-called "near Mexico is black, near Zhu Zhechi" is the truth. We can find many historical stories to prove the importance of growth and educational environment. For example, Cao Zhi, Cao Pi, Cao Zhang and Cao Chong are all sons of Cao Cao, but because of their different growth experiences, the gap is getting bigger and bigger, and they are not even brothers at all. Saint Amethyst believes that for children, if there is no good acquired environment, no matter how kind nature is, it will be polluted. At the same time, learning is a process of life. You must concentrate on everything you learn, persevere and experience it wholeheartedly before you can achieve anything.

3. Two Song Fengyun.

It is not easy for a dynasty to turn from weak to strong, and it is easy to turn from prosperity to decline. The most pitiful thing is the loyal ministers and the people! Think about how prosperous Tokyo was when Song Huizong first became emperor. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is a true portrayal of that period. But because he is a villain and a distant minister, during the Jingkang period, 8 Jin Army went south, and life was devastated, and the country was devastated, and the people were worse off than dead! Zhao Gou ascended the throne after the second emperor was exiled, but his throne came from Zhang Bangchang and was inscribed by Xu Jinguo. Although the second emperor was exiled, he was still alive. If, as the hawks insist, the Central Plains is recovered and the Second Sage is ushered in, what is Song Gaozong ashamed of? You can recover the Central Plains, but you can never welcome the return of the second sage! Poor Yue Fei is too straightforward. He clamored all day to recover the Central Plains and welcome the return of the two saints, which would certainly kill the emperor! Patriotic generals in the Southern Song Dynasty did not die in battle, nor did they lose their reputation, but died in the hands of the supreme ruler of Jiangshan and devoted themselves to defending themselves. Who can shed tears without "loyalty and anger?"

Qu Duan was also falsely accused of rebellion by former aides, tortured and tortured to death! I think anyone with flesh and blood and feelings will feel chilling! Who wants to defend such a country? South of the imperial court, there is a well-written sentence, "Who is singing and dancing in Lou Yu? Who is Guan Yu working hard? " I attended a song and dance reception there, and loyal ministers who tried their best to defend their country were beheaded. Treating traitors is a powerful emperor. How can such a court not perish?

Although it is not a prosperous time now, everyone wants money. If you have money, you will have everything. Officials govern, judges protect, and everyone is for himself. Corruption is rampant. Is it true that when people get rich, they lose their backbone and can do everything, regardless of national justice? Look at Song Fengyun, betraying the country, surrendering, and fighting for their own interests.

4. Today, I watched Lecture Hall, which mainly talked about Li Shimin's position under the rule of Zhenguan.

At that time, when Emperor Gaozu was in power, Emperor Li Yuan ruled the country well. At that time, the whole country was closed at night and the roads were not answered. At this time, Li Shimin began to seize the throne. His first step was to operate on the Prince and the King of Qi. He designed a plan to kill the Prince and the King of Qi in Xuanwu Gate. This is the so-called Xuanwumen coup. Why didn't the emperor punish Li Shimin? Because his reputation is too high, killing him will lead to chaos in the world. After killing the King of Qi and the Prince, Li Shimin sent one of his generals to ask the emperor to relieve the military power. At that time, the emperor and several ministers were boating. When they saw a heavily armed soldier coming in front of him, they were frightened and understood the man's purpose. But the emperor asked him calmly, What are you doing here? The man said that life outside is chaotic. Please give the relieving to the king of Qin, let him make unified arrangements and obey his command. The two ministers next to him also put in a good word for Li Shimin, but the emperor had no choice but to hand over the relieving. So he gave up the throne, because the relieving was everything at that time, so Li Shimin naturally became the emperor.

When Li Shimin became emperor, there were different opinions. Some people say he usurped the throne, others say he succeeded. History books are history books. In other words, I think what Li Shimin did was wrong. Because he shouldn't kill his brother and father for his own benefit. Although he achieved his goal, he lost his brotherhood and father-son affection.

5. Reading Zhuangzi by Yu Dan is very enlightening. In particular, the metaphor of one of the shepherds touched me deeply. She said that we should do things like shepherds and watch the last sheep. The last sheep catches up, and the other sheep will run very fast. In reality, many people only look at their own sheep and are complacent, but never think that some of his sheep have fallen behind a lot. Similar to this story, there is a story of a wooden barrel. A barrel is made up of many boards. It depends on how much water is in the bucket, not the tallest board.

This reminds me of my students. In fact, if you look at them, those students with good grades actually don't need too much effort from their teachers in their daily study. On the contrary, the students who really need our help are those who are temporarily behind in their studies. Only by doing a good job in the grades of underachievers can the grades of our class be good. Those students who are temporarily behind in their studies are like the last sheep. Only grasping your own achievements is the most important thing. Of course, any metaphor is inappropriate. We have higher requirements for students who study well. Let them have certain learning methods. To be able to learn independently, the teacher only needs to give some guidance.

This time, "Lecture Room" made me feel a lot.