Rome is the capital of Italy, with a population of 2.83 million and an area of 208 square kilometers. Together with its suburbs, it has a total area of over 2,000 square kilometers and is the largest city in Italy. It is located in the lower reaches of the Tiber River, across both banks of the river, and there are 24 bridges on the river connecting the cities together. Because it is built on seven hills, it is called "Seven Mountain Cities". Almost all modern buildings were built outside ancient Rome, which led to the formation of old and new Roman cities.
Rome is the birthplace of ancient Rome and one of the oldest ancient cities in Europe. As early as 2000 BC, the Romans moved here from the northeast and built castles here in the 8th-4th century BC. The Romans unified the Italian peninsula in the 3rd century BC and took control of the Mediterranean in 27 BC. 1~ In the 2nd century, the territory of the Roman Empire was bordered by the British border in the west, Germany in the north, the Middle East in the east and North Africa in the south, making it one of the largest empires in the west. As the capital, Rome entered its heyday. From 756 to 1870, Rome was the capital of the papal state. Since 1870, it has been the capital of unified Italy. Since then, the papal state has retreated to the Vatican and become a small pocket country in Rome. In Mussolini's time, the city of Silla Romana began to be built, but its development was mainly after World War II.
This famous European city with a long history and a high degree of modernization has a distinctive city emblem. This is not the Statue of Liberty or the Little Mermaid, but a sculpture of a female wolf feeding two little boys. There is a myth about its origin. In ancient times, after the city of Troy was conquered by the Greeks, the prince of Troy, Enaya, fled to the mouth of the Tiber River, was warmly received by the Latin king and recruited him as his son-in-law. The descendants of Ennaya established the city of Alba, where they ruled by inheritance. When Numitore became king, his younger brother Amulio usurped the throne, expelled Numitore, ordered the execution of Numitore's son, and forced his daughter Sylvia to become a priestess, thus depriving her of the right to marry. But she secretly married Mars, the god of war, and gave birth to two boys, romulo and Remus. After learning this, Ameliot executed Sylvia, put her twin sons in a bamboo basket and threw them into the Tiber River. The baskets were washed ashore, and the baby's crying attracted a female wolf and took them away. The mother wolf didn't hurt her cubs, but nursed them lovingly. Later, the two boys were brought home by hunters and brought up. Like their father Mars, the two brothers are brave and good at fighting. They killed Amulio, who usurped the throne and killed his mother, and welcomed their grandfather Numitore back. Numitore gave a piece of land on the left bank of the Tiber River to his grandson to build a new city here. After the completion of the castle, the two brothers competed for the dominance of the new city. Brother romulo killed his younger brother Remus to become the new king and named the new city after himself. Rome evolved from romulo. Romulo brothers founded Rome in 2 1 BC and in April 753. On this day every year, Roman citizens will hold a grand celebration to celebrate the establishment of the city. The symbol held high in people's hands is the Roman city emblem printed with the mother wolf and two boys.
Rome is famous for its ancient city. It is not only the birthplace of the Roman Empire, but also the art treasure house of the Renaissance. Coming to Rome is like walking into a huge open-air museum.
My first impression of Rome is "Sanduo". First, there are many churches. As the old saying goes, "There are more than 2,000 churches, and there are more statues than residents". There are more than 300 churches and more than 300 monasteries in Rome. The larger churches, mostly Renaissance buildings, are valuable works of art in themselves. The largest is St. Peter's Cathedral, which is built in the Vatican, a country within a city. It is magnificent and ranks first among the churches in the world. In addition to churches and monasteries, Rome has also opened seven Catholic universities, and the clergy trained have been continuously transported to all parts of the world.
Second, there are many sculptures. Squares, parks, streets, alleys, courtyards, roofs, all kinds of statues abound. On a marble bridge on the Tiber River, there are a group of angel statues. They have wings and different musical instruments in their hands. They are all graceful and serene, and their clothes are fluttering. Walking on the bridge is like being in the welcome of angels.
Third, there are many fountains. There are more than 9,000 fountains in the city, adding charming colors to this ancient city with a long history. The famous wishing pool is said to be built in memory of a girl who pointed out the water source for the Roman army. In the center of the fountain is a magnificent statue of Poseidon, with a goddess on each side, symbolizing "wealth" and "happiness" respectively. In front of Poseidon is the fountain main body. Spring water gushed from the cracks in all directions, overflowed layers of rocks and merged into a huge pool. Between the spring and the rock, there are two statues of knights riding two winged horses. From the turbulent waves, the waves are magnificent and lifelike, which makes the audience seem to hear the sound of the waves hitting Ma Si and see Poseidon going out to sea. The fountains in Rome are often related to people's wishes: some springs can help young men relieve the suffering of lovesickness and get the love of the girl in their hearts; Some fountains can help girls find their ideal lover.
"Sanduo" is a major feature of Rome, but it is far from all. There are many places of interest in Rome. Among them, the most representative ones are Quirinal Palace, Emanuel Monument, Pantheon and Colosseum.
Quirinal Palace is the Italian presidential palace, located on the Quirinal Mountain in northern Rome. Built in 1574, it was designed and built by Raminho Ponzio, an architect appointed by Pope V. In the 17 and 18 centuries, it was expanded, repaired and decorated under the guidance of famous architects and painters, with obvious Greek architectural style. There is an imperial garden in the palace, with reasonable layout and moderate density, which is integrated with the whole building. There is a cloister composed of 44 pilasters on three sides of the garden, and a Greek tower of Doric on one side. In front of the palace is Quelina Square, and in the center stands a memorial tower moved from the mausoleum of Augustus the Great. The palace is surrounded by statues of ancient mythical figures. Behind the palace is a park. The palace is decorated with gorgeous chandeliers and exquisite murals, as well as exquisite furniture and other supplies. There are a large number of famous paintings and various precious handicrafts in the palace. One of the portraits looks like an oil painting from a distance. The woman in this painting is lifelike. Before approaching this painting, it was a mosaic of stones of various colors. Its exquisite art is breathtaking.
Quirinal Palace was once the summer palace of the Pope, and before risorgimento, the Pope lived here. 1870, Italy made Rome its capital, and Quirinal Palace became a palace. The Italian Republic was founded in 1946, which became the place where the president lived and worked. Foreign heads of state who visited Italy also stayed here. The palace gate is guarded by burly guards in traditional military uniforms, and a solemn changing ceremony is held every afternoon. Tourists regard it as a wonderful program, watch it with great interest, and leave with satisfaction until the end.
Emanuel II Monument, also known as the Monument to the Unknown Hero, is a palace-style building made of white marble and stands at the southern end of Venice Square. The designer is Sacconi, and it was built in1885 ~1911. This monument was built to commemorate the founding king of Italy, Emmanuel II. It is a symbol of Italy's independence and unity. The monument is engraved with the giant Latin of "the motherland is unified and the people are free". In front of the monument are broad stone steps, and on the left and right sides are gilded bronze statues symbolizing "thought" and "action". There are two semicircular fountains in front of the stone steps, in which lies a huge stone statue, representing the eastern ocean and the western ocean of Italy respectively. On the left is the Adriatic Sea, designed by Quadri; The tyrrhenian sea on the right is Jia's work. Climbing up the stairs, there are two marble statues on the left and right. The left side symbolizes "perseverance" and "harmony", and the right side represents "sacrifice" and "justice". Climb up the platform from the left and right sides, and the central stone platform is a gilded bronze statue of Emmanuel II riding a horse. The height and width of the image are12m, which is Maccagnani's elaborate masterpiece. Behind the bronze statue is a 72-meter-long corridor with 15-meter-high 16 stone pillars supporting the top of the corridor. On the platform of the tower at both ends of the corridor, there stands a statue of the black knight. There are models of provinces in the gallery, and the walls of the gallery are equipped with reliefs to celebrate the end of the First World War. At each end of the corridor, there are four bronze horse sculptures pulling 1 two-wheeled chariots, which are controlled by the goddess of victory. They are the works of fontana El and Bartolini. 192 1 year, in order to commemorate the heroes who died for their country, the tomb of the unknown hero was built under the pedestal of the monument. The flame in front of the tomb is always bright, and two soldiers stand guard on both sides. There are two reliefs behind the guard. On the left are "people who work first" and on the right are "people who love their country first". Monuments and tombs of unsung heroes were built to commemorate the independence and unity of Italy, so they are also called "altars of the motherland". Every National Day, a grand ceremony will be held here. The Italian president presided over the laying of a wreath for the unknown hero. When a head of state visits, he usually pays tribute to the altar with flowers.
Not far from Venice Square, the Pantheon is the Pantheon. This is a famous ancient building with a history of more than 2000 years. It was built by Augustus, the founding emperor of the Roman Empire, in 27 ~ 25 BC, 100 years earlier than the Colosseum. The back of this temple was destroyed by lightning and rebuilt in 120 ~ 125. It still retains its original appearance and is the only large-scale building in ancient Rome at that time. The entrance is rectangular, and 16 huge pillars support the top of the ancient Greek triangular gate. These pillars are carved from a whole piece of granite. The main building is circular, and the upper dome is the largest dome building in the world. There is not a pillar or a window in the hall. Sunlight can only come in from the circular hole with a diameter of 9 meters in the center of the dome, which makes the temple more solemn.
The Pantheon was built for the Roman general Antony to conquer Egypt. In the 7th century, it was converted into a church. Besides offering sacrifices to gods, it is also a graveyard for celebrities. Raphael, Ai Maiyu, Emanuel II and others are buried here.
Colossim Arena, one of the eight famous scenic spots in the world, was built by the Roman emperor in 72 AD to force tens of thousands of Jewish prisoners, which took 10 years. The Colosseum is located in the basin east of Paladin Mountain in the city. Made of marble, oval, with a circumference of 527m, a maximum diameter of180m, a minimum diameter of156m and a height of 57m. It has four stands and 76 entrances and exits, which can accommodate 50 thousand spectators, much like today's stadium. It is a miracle in the history of human architecture to design and build such a magnificent building 2000 years ago. Fighting is divided into fighting between people, fighting between animals, fighting between people and animals, and fighting between people and animals. One of the two sides will die. This is a cruel way for Roman nobles to enjoy themselves. It is said that more than 3,000 slaves, prisoners and more than 5,000 lions, tigers and other beasts died in the life-and-death struggle during the performance of 100 days. This arrogance and brutality of the slave owners and nobles intensified class contradictions and eventually triggered a slave uprising that shocked Europe that year. Its leader is the slave gladiator Spartak. It can be said that Rome, an ancient civilization, is deeply branded with barbarism and permeated with the blood of countless slaves.