The column "ConocoPhillips has a Way" aims to let everyone know more about the knowledge of lung rehabilitation of Chinese and Western medicine related to chronic respiratory diseases and thoracic surgery, teach patients to learn self-management and make them breathe more smoothly.
Clinical medical records
Patient Song, male, 75 years old, has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After treatment, his condition is stable and he can do simple family activities. But he usually eats less, becomes emaciated, feels weak, and his body resistance drops. Every time the weather cools down, he accidentally catches a cold, and he has symptoms such as cough, expectoration and shortness of breath, which brings great trouble to the daily life of patients. So how can we eat a scientific and healthy diet and effectively help the lungs recover and exercise?
The secret of lung rehabilitation
First, what is lung rehabilitation?
Lung rehabilitation, also known as respiratory rehabilitation, is a rehabilitation method to improve the decline of lung function in a series of diseases such as chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease and lung surgery. Family exercise rehabilitation is the main form of lung rehabilitation, which has been proved to be an effective rehabilitation means to effectively alleviate dyspnea symptoms, improve exercise endurance, improve quality of life and reduce readmission rate.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 328 "img _ width =" 547 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/20487a0431b565eb.jpg ".
Food is the most important thing for people. Huangdi Neijing mentioned: "Ancient people ... ate and drank regularly, lived regularly, and did not act rashly, so they could live in harmony with the gods and live their lives to the end." The premise of effective sports rehabilitation exercise is a scientific and healthy diet. The elderly have decreased appetite for defecation, especially in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Modern research shows that insufficient intake of calories and protein will lead to muscle loss and decreased immunity of patients, which in turn will lead to insufficient limb strength, limited activities, aggravated repeated infections and other unfavorable factors that seriously affect the rehabilitation of lung function. So how can a scientific and healthy diet help lung rehabilitation? Let's do it together.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 341"img _ width =" 512 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/2337309D5b/. 1, to ensure the daily calorie intake.
The daily calorie requirement of human body is relatively fixed, mainly relying on dietary intake. However, self-breathing, metabolism and daily activities all require a lot of calories. If the calorie intake is less than the daily calorie consumption, it will lead to cachexia such as gradual weight loss, slow metabolism and muscle atrophy. In severe cases, it will lead to respiratory weakness and life-threatening. Therefore, ensuring adequate intake of calories every day is the premise of scientific diet. The simple formula for calculating the daily calorie requirement is: calorie (kcal) = (height cm- 105) (25-30) kcal/kg/day. If the daily activity is small, you can choose 25, if the activity is large, you can choose 30. For example, Liu, with a height of 170cm, is of medium build, mainly sitting and lying down every day, with little activity. According to the formula, he can calculate (170-105) 25 =1625 calories, which is the minimum calorie required for daily diet.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 349 "img _ width =" 524 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/bd5345abaf87afd9.jpg "src ="/a2020. 2. Eat a high-calorie and high-protein diet.
Many elderly people and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, affected by various reasons, will have reduced food intake and do not want to eat. Some patients only eat a small amount of liquid every day, that is, they feel full, so the daily intake of calories is less than the body's consumption of calories, which is very unfavorable to the body. At this time they need to eat a high-calorie and high-protein diet. Under the condition of ensuring a certain food intake, they should try to increase the calorie density and protein intake, and provide necessary substances for their metabolism.
Common high-calorie foods are mainly rice and flour. High-protein foods include fish and meat (such as chicken, duck, lean meat and flat mutton). ), eggs, milk and beans can supplement protein consumed by the body and increase resistance. However, it is necessary to avoid eating too much at a time, which will lead to the elevation of diaphragm and aggravate breathing difficulties. Try to arrange a small amount of meals, and don't lie flat immediately after meals.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 357 "img _ width =" 535 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/c2063bc985a0A867.jpg "src ="/a2027. 3, high vitamin, cellulose diet
Vitamins are an organic compound necessary to maintain health. This kind of substance is neither the raw material of body tissue nor the source of energy in the body, but a kind of regulating substance, which plays an important role in substance metabolism. Because these substances cannot be synthesized in the body or the amount of synthesis is insufficient, although the amount needed is small, it always depends on food supply. The human body's demand for vitamins is very small, and the daily demand is often calculated in milligrams or micrograms, but once it is lacking, it will cause the corresponding vitamin deficiency and cause harm to human health. Elderly patients and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are limited by less food intake. Usually eating porridge, noodles and other foods is easier to eat and digest. Moreover, the variety is relatively single, and it is easier to lack vitamins and affect human function. Usually, you can eat more foods rich in vitamins such as vegetables, fruits and meat, and if necessary, take corresponding vitamin-containing drugs orally every day to supplement essential vitamins.
Many elderly patients have increased abdominal pressure due to slow intestinal peristalsis, constipation and poor defecation, which will further aggravate the occurrence of anorexia. Dietary supplements containing cellulose can be added appropriately. The National Dietetic Association of the United States stipulates that you should consume at least 30g of cellulose a day, but many people can't even reach half the required amount. In fact, eating more coarse grains, fruits and fresh vegetables can easily increase the intake of cellulose.
Foods with high cellulose content mainly include cereals, beans, vegetables and fruits. Food fiber has a large volume, which can promote intestinal peristalsis, and the water in it is not easily absorbed, so it has a laxative effect. On the other hand, dietary fiber is fermented by bacteria in the large intestine, which directly absorbs the water in the fiber, softens the stool and has a laxative effect. Dietary fiber can bind cholesterol, promote the separation and circulation of bile, and thus prevent the formation of gallstones. In addition, proper consumption of dietary fiber can also reduce blood sugar, blood lipid and uric acid.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 367 "img _ width =" 560 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/d9739301641. 4, medicine and food are homologous, chronic diseases.
The deficiency of lung, spleen and kidney in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease leads to the loss of transport and chemical function. Over time, Shui Gu's essence is insufficient, so he can cooperate with some dietotherapy methods to help tonify the lung, strengthen the spleen and resolve phlegm, such as lily and barley porridge. In addition, the theory of "harmony between man and nature" and "holistic view" can be applied, and the four seasons regimen can be adopted. In spring, you can eat tremella, mulberry leaves, chrysanthemum and ginger to calm the liver, support the spleen and nourish the lungs. Summer is mainly to clear the heart and moisten the lungs to prevent heatstroke. Watermelon, cucumber, mung bean and coix seed can all be eaten. In autumn, nourishing yin, moistening lung and promoting fluid production are the main methods. Lily, Ophiopogon japonicus, Lycium barbarum and apples can be eaten. In winter, tonifying kidney and qi is the main method, longan, walnut and donkey-hide gelatin are used to nourish human qi and blood, or flesh and blood products are used to replenish lung and kidney.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 264 "img _ width =" 475 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/E84D70AEC3969Ba7.jpg "src ="/A2020. Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 73 "img _ width =" 74 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/c03E6fa158c7a0b.jpg "src.
Huangdi Neijing mentioned that "five grains are for nourishment, but no fruit is for help, five animals are suitable, five dishes are for filling, and the smell is combined to replenish essence." "Five grains for nourishment" originally refers to japonica rice, hemp, soybean, wheat and millet, and later refers to cereals. "Five grains for nourishment" means nourishing and nourishing. Whole grains are mild in taste and have the function of nourishing the spleen and stomach. Spleen and stomach exuberance can better play its role of transporting Shui Gu and being the source of qi and blood biochemistry, thus supplementing the essence of the five internal organs and the whole body meridians. Grain is the main source of calories in daily diet and the staple food in daily life. "Five fruits help", fruits are beneficial to the lungs, promote fluid production, stimulate appetite, help digestion and so on, and help grains nourish the human body. "Five livestock are beneficial" originally refers to pigs, cows, sheep, dogs and chickens, and later refers to livestock and poultry, including their attached milk and eggs. "Five animals are beneficial" means nourishing. Insufficiency of essence and blood can't be supplemented by things like vegetation, but by qi and blood, so deficiency of essence and blood can be supplemented by taste. Animal meat is a kind of flesh and blood thing, which has nourishing effect, invigorating spleen and qi, tonifying kidney and replenishing essence. "Five dishes as stuffing" originally refers to sunflower, leek, epimedium and onion, and later refers to vegetables. "Five dishes for stuffing" means supplementing and enriching. Vegetables are more profitable and can supplement the shortage of food. Huangdi Neijing reminds us that our daily diet should be based on whole grains, supplemented by meat, supplemented by vegetables and fruits. Only in this way can a matched diet with flesh and blood, fruits and vegetables be beneficial to our health, so as to achieve a reasonable and balanced diet and get twice the result with half the effort for lung function exercise.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 44 "img _ width =" 51"data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/9b23c47d89eb18ab.
According to the team, the lung rehabilitation team of University Town Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine mainly carries out lung rehabilitation work for chronic airway diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sleep apnea syndrome, bronchiectasis, etc.). ), cardiothoracic surgery (such as lung transplantation, lung volume reduction surgery, lung tumor surgery) and perioperative period.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 395 "img _ width =" 590 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/92e21 5bd495fd5dc.jpg "src ="/a. Contact information: 020-39318650,020-39318654.
Address: 6th Floor, Building 3, Inpatient Department, University Town Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.55, Inner Ring West Road, University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou.
Medical guidance
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 286 "img _ width ="191"data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/ecebd2eaf 3d5c85b.jpg "src. Kai Keung Lai, male, chief TCM doctor, doctor of medicine, doctoral supervisor. He studied under Chao, a master of traditional Chinese medicine, and an old professor of traditional Chinese medicine in Guangdong.
At present, he is the vice president of the fever professional committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, the executive director of the respiratory disease professional committee of the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies, the chairman of the lung rehabilitation professional committee of the Guangdong Basic Medical Association, the vice chairman of the infectious disease (fever) professional committee of the Guangdong Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, the member of the lung disease branch of the Chinese Medicine Society, the member of the sleep respiratory rehabilitation professional committee of the China Sleep Research Association, and the member of the Guangdong Thoracic Disease Society.
Mainly engaged in clinical, scientific research and teaching work of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for respiratory diseases, acute and critical diseases and fever (infectious diseases) in the elderly.
Brief introduction of the author in this issue
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 306 "img _ width =" 220 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/020a E8B68E35B5f.jpg "src ="/a2020/a2020. Ye, male, attending physician, master of medicine, member of fever professional committee of World Federation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, director of popular science branch of Chinese Traditional Medicine Association, and member of acupuncture and medicine professional committee of Guangdong Acupuncture Association.
Good at: treating diabetes, gouty arthritis, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and other endocrine and metabolic diseases with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.
Healthy diet contributes to lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 37 "img _ width =" 50 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/b 8314c5ae3e7df.jpg "src = Contributed by: General Department 3 (Geriatrics Department, Respiratory Department), University Town Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Healthy diet helps lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 297 "img _ width =" 640 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/35851DCA13bc. A healthy diet contributes to lung rehabilitation "img _ height =" 325 "img _ width =" 578 "data-src ="//imgq6.q578.com/ef/0617/1f6f4b89E7bf546.jpg ".