No matter how delicious moon cakes and crabs are, you can't be greedy.
In beginning of autumn, summer retreats and autumn comes, and "tonic" has become the theme of many people's dining tables. However, due to the cooling in autumn, the qi and blood of human body should converge from the outside to the inside in autumn, thus weakening the ability of muscle surface to resist evil spirits. This nourishing food season is also an "eventful autumn" for people with many basic diseases. Professor Chen Chaogang, director of the Clinical Nutrition Department of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, pointed out that in order to make up for the nutrition consumed by sweating and physical activity in summer, it should be supplemented appropriately in autumn, but not in large quantities, otherwise it may be counterproductive. Facing eating crabs and moon cakes in autumn, he gave the following suggestions.
Every Mid-Autumn Festival, family members get together, and mooncakes are the standard for Mid-Autumn Festival. However, moon cakes contain more oil and sucrose, which is very high in calories. Eating too much can easily increase the burden on the stomach and cause symptoms such as loss of appetite and indigestion. It is suggested that adults eat no more than 1/2 moon cakes a day, and the elderly, children and people with weak spleen and stomach function should eat less. Patients with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be careful to eat or not to eat according to their condition.
The "sugar-free moon cake" on the market only means that the moon cake does not contain sucrose, but sugar substitutes such as sugar alcohol are added, which will not cause the blood sugar to rise immediately after eating. However, the moon cake itself contains a lot of starch, which will eventually be converted into glucose in the human body, leading to an increase in blood sugar. Excessive intake will also lead to excessive energy and fat. Even healthy people should not eat "sugar-free moon cakes" without restraint. If it is the "three highs" of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, we should try to reduce the consumption of staple food and oil on that day. In addition, moon cakes and fragrant tea are known as "a perfect match". Cheng Jiehui, deputy director of the Professional Committee of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription of Guangdong Chinese Medicine Association, suggested that after eating sweet and greasy moon cakes, it is best to drink a cup of fragrant hot tea to quench your thirst and get rid of boredom.
Around the autumnal equinox, not only the moon cake market began to flourish, but also crabs in this season began to grow yellow and fat all over the ground. The nutritional value of hairy crabs is extremely high. Crab yolk is rich in vitamin A, and crab meat has the nutritional characteristics of high-quality protein and low fat. However, crabs are not suitable for everyone. People with a history of allergies should avoid eating crabs. Patients with cholecystitis and gout should not eat crabs during acute attack. People with coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis and hyperlipidemia should avoid eating crab roe. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should pay special attention to avoid overeating.
In addition, it is not advisable to buy dead crabs, and avoid eating raw crabs (drunken crabs, immature crabs), dead crabs and cooked crabs that have been stored for too long. Crabs should be steamed and cooked first, because this will not only destroy the delicious flavor and nutritional value of crabs themselves, but also avoid the pollutants in crabs and the contents of gastrointestinal tract from polluting crab meat. When eating crabs, it is best to remove the gills, stomach, heart, intestines and other organs of crabs. Because crabs are cold, people who are deficient in cold should not eat more, let alone eat with cold fruits such as persimmons and pears.
Autumn tonic is particular.
Autumn diet should first be based on the basic principles of balanced diet, combined with their own work and physical characteristics, scientific and reasonable adjustment of diet structure. Professor Chen Chaogang said that autumn tonic must be combined with personal physique and local environment and climate. According to the basic principle of balanced diet, he gave the following dietary suggestions.
1. Eat lightly and avoid greasy and greasy food.
Autumn is usually dry. When cooking food, the principle of "less oil and less salt" can reduce the risk of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and obesity. Steaming, stewing and boiling are the best cooking methods, followed by frying. Avoid frying food repeatedly. Oily fried food is not easy to digest, which will aggravate the accumulation in the body, which is not conducive to moistening dryness, and may also induce the recurrence or aggravation of chronic respiratory diseases. At the same time, we should also control the intake of sweets, cakes and drinks.
2. Eat fruits and vegetables often, not just meat.
Eating too much meat is easy to get angry, especially in the dry season of autumn. Eating more fruits and vegetables while eating meat can effectively promote digestion and prevent obesity and hyperlipidemia. At the autumnal equinox, you can also eat more spicy, sour, moist or lung-lowering fruits and vegetables, including apples, pears, pomegranates, mangoes, grapefruit, grapes, carambola, hawthorn and white radish. If possible, you can choose fruits and vegetables that naturally grow or mature in the season, such as bitter gourd, lotus root, persimmon, autumn pear and tomato.
Traditional dietotherapy recommends ① stewed pear with red dates, white lotus root juice of sugarcane, lily porridge, etc. , can nourish yin and clear heat, moisten dryness and quench thirst, clear heart and soothe the nerves. 2 Red, yellow and dark green fruits and vegetables, such as broccoli, carrots and kale, are rich in β-carotene, which is beneficial to respiratory health. ③ Fresh dates, kiwis, green peppers and round peppers are rich in vitamin C. Eating them often can help reduce colds and prevent respiratory diseases.
3. Drink plenty of water and don't overeat.
The air is dry in autumn, so you need to drink more water and eat more fruits and vegetables with high water content, such as Sydney and melons. The daily drinking water should be 1500- 1700 ml, and the temperature is still high in autumn in the south, so the drinking water should be above 1800 ml. Followed by light tea, try to avoid drinking all kinds of drinks. The climate in autumn is pleasant and appetite increases greatly, which often leads to overeating. If you eat too much, it will easily lead to obesity and overweight. Therefore, we should pay attention to the right amount of diet in autumn, and we should not indulge our appetite and eat and drink.
Because the autumnal equinox happens to be two and a half phases of yin and yang, and the climate gradually transitions to a cool and dry solar term, the diet and health preservation of the autumnal equinox should be changed from "nourishing yang" to "nourishing yin". Director Cheng Jiehui also shared his recipes for reducing dryness and promoting fluid production in autumn.
1. Baihe Shendi drink
Efficacy: benefiting qi and nourishing yin, moistening lung and moistening dryness. Suitable for patients with yin deficiency and weak qi or cough due to lung dryness.
Therapeutic prescription: prepare 20g of Radix Rehmanniae, lily 10g, ginseng 10g, honey 15g. Wash Radix Rehmanniae and Bulbus Lilii, add 600 ml of clear water, cook over medium fire until the soup is about 200 ml, put it in a stew pot, slice Ginseng, put it in the stew pot, cover the lid, simmer for one and a half hours, take it out and let it cool, then add honey and stir evenly.
2. Chenmei Pu 'er tea
Therapeutic effect: quenching thirst, promoting fluid production, promoting digestion and nourishing stomach. Suitable for people with dry mouth and throat, loss of appetite and indigestion.
Diet: Prepare 10g Pu 'er tea, 5g dried tangerine peel and 10g ebony. Cleaning Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and Mume Fructus, chopping Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and Mume Fructus, putting Pu 'er tea, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae and Mume Fructus together in a teapot, pouring boiling water, pouring out the first brewed tea, pouring boiling water, and filtering out the tea soup for drinking.
3. Chestnut tremella millet porridge
Efficacy: nourishing yin and moistening dryness, invigorating spleen and stomach. Suitable for people with autumn dryness and yin deficiency and spleen and stomach weakness.
Treatment prescription: prepare chestnut 100g, tremella 10g, millet 50g, medlar 5g, and appropriate amount of crystal sugar. Soak tremella in warm water, peel chestnuts and break them into small petals for use. Add a proper amount of water to the casserole, add tremella, add millet and chestnut when boiling over high fire, turn to low heat, simmer for about 45 minutes, then add rock sugar, cook until all the rock sugar is dissolved, turn off the fire, add Lycium barbarum, and cover with stew 10 minute.
4. Lotus root yam spine soup
Efficacy: nourishing yin and moistening dryness, invigorating spleen and tonifying deficiency. It is suitable for people with spleen deficiency and yin injury, dry lips and weak spleen.
Dietotherapy prescription: prepare 500 grams of lotus root, 500 grams of fresh yam, 500 grams of pig spine, 2 candied dates and 3 slices of ginger. Wash lotus root and yam, cut into pieces, wash pig spine, cut into pieces, blanch with clear water, put it in a pot with other materials, add appropriate amount of clear water, first boil it with strong fire, then cook it with low fire for two hours, and add salt to taste.
Intern: Zhang Jianlin.
Reporter: Huang Rui, Zhang Yang and Song Liping.