The climate in northern Europe is generally characterized by long winters, so the average temperature will be lower. Summer here is not as hot as in other countries. The summer in northern Europe lasts for a short time, and the short and cool summer is one of the attractions that people all over the world are willing to travel here. As a brief introduction to northern Europe, we need to know that the population density in northern Europe is low, but the economic level does not match it.
The living standard of Nordic people is still relatively high in the world. The temperature zone in northern Europe is located at the junction of the northern temperate zone and the northern frigid zone, which also explains why the average temperature in northern Europe is so low all year round. Most inland areas of northern Europe have a sub-frigid coniferous forest climate, which is formed by the interaction between polar ocean air masses and polar continental air masses. In addition, a few areas will also form a temperate maritime climate. In the long cold winter, the average monthly temperature has been below zero degrees Celsius, which proves that the winter temperature here is not very high. In the short and warm summer, the average monthly temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius.
Compared with other countries, the annual temperature in northern Europe is still very different, which is attributed to the high latitude position of the Nordic polar continental air mass and northern Europe. On the issue of precipitation, precipitation in northern Europe has been concentrated in summer. Although there is not much rainfall, as we all know, the summer temperature in northern Europe is not very high, so the evaporation is not very strong, so the summer here has become a region with relatively high humidity. The annual precipitation is between 300 and 600 mm.
But in some places, such as Denmark, the climate here is a little different. It is not always cold in winter here. This land is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the temperature is relatively low all year round. Rainfall is also very different. No longer concentrated in summer, it will rain all year round, but mainly in autumn and winter, and the annual precipitation will be more, generally between 600-1000 mm. The climate in northern Europe has its own overall climate characteristics and different characteristics according to regions. Friends should be prepared in advance when traveling in northern Europe.
Nordic geomorphology Generally speaking, the topography of northern Europe is higher than that of Scandinavian mountains. The overall terrain is relatively low and flat. Terrain is mostly platform and eroded mountain, and glacial lake, sheep back, serpentine hills and drum hills are its main geomorphological features. Scandinavia is the highest terrain in northern Europe. Scandinavian mountains run through the western peninsula, ranking first in Norway and Sweden. The mountain range is the highest in the south, higher in the north, lower in the middle, and extends to Norway in the south, with the highest peak exceeding 2000 meters. The western slope of the mountain range is steep, close to the coast of the Norwegian Sea, while the eastern slope is gentle and gradually descends to the Gulf of Botswana. So Norway is the highest country in Northern Europe, with mountainous terrain and many fjords on the west coast. Denmark is a gently undulating lowland. The Danish lowlands extend eastward to the southern plains of Sweden, then connect with the central lowlands of Sweden to the north, and then connect with the Finnish lowlands through the Gulf of Botnia. The plains arc in the southeast of Scandinavian mountains. Iceland is a bowl-shaped highland, surrounded by coastal mountains and with a plateau in the middle. There are over 65,438+000 volcanoes on the island, including at least 30 active volcanoes. This terrain is conducive to the development of navigation and overseas trade. At the same time, the scenery is unique, which is conducive to the development of tourism.
Scandinavian mountains used to be the main center of Quaternary glaciers in Europe, and continental glaciers covered the whole of northern Europe, so glacier erosion and accumulation landforms can be seen everywhere in northern Europe. There are many lakes and short rivers. Finland has? A country of thousands of lakes? The title of. Iceland is not only the center of the Quaternary ice sheet, but also modern glaciers on the plateau.
Nordic attractions 1. Icelandic fountain. Iceland's largest geyser, with a diameter of about18m, has a high water temperature in the spring eye. The interval of eruption changes slightly, but within an hour, you will see spectacular eruption effect. The water column is sprayed into the sky for 20 to 30 meters for 1 to 2 minutes.
2. Iceland Golden Waterfall. Iceland's largest fault canyon waterfall is named after the raindrops splashed by the waterfall reflect a rainbow in the sun, and the edge of the rainbow emits golden light. The film Interstellar was shot here.
3. Blue lagoon in Iceland. It's actually a geothermal hot spring in Iceland. The water temperature is around 37℃. Hot spring water contains minerals such as silicon and sulfur, which is very suitable for health preservation. Soak in the hot springs of ice and snow and experience the feeling of ice and fire.
4. Iceland Vatna Glacier National Park. It is the largest national park in Europe and was built in 2008. The most beautiful scenery belongs to the Vatna Ice Sheet, which is 400 meters thick, as well as the Jagushalon Ice Lake and the Black Basalt Waterfall. There are wild animals such as arctic fox in the park, which is well worth visiting.