Li Yun Confucius is a Confucian scholar, and he is very friendly with wax. Since I am a guest, I travel in the view and feel ashamed of myself. Yan Yan waited on him and said, "Why are you sighing?" Confucius said, "Compared with three generations of English, I didn't grasp the trip to the Avenue in the past, but I remembered it. The trip to the avenue, the world is public, selecting talents and appointing talents, and enhancing trust. Therefore, the old people not only kiss their relatives, but also kiss their only sons and daughters, all of whom are old, strong and useful, and lonely and sick. The goods are abandoned underground, and there is no need to hide them on yourself. " Everyone is like a relative, every son is his own, and his strength is his own. Adults take it for granted that the moat in the city is impregnable. Wu Wen became the king of the Duke of Zhou, so he chose this place. There is no one who is unwilling to respect the ceremony, and the ceremony is prosperous, which is in harmony with heaven and earth. If he comes to power without ceremony, he thinks it will cause harm. "Yan Yan asked," so, the ceremony is very urgent. "Confucius. Confucius said, "Alas! I looked at Zhou Dao and it hurt me deeply. What should I do? The suburbs of Fulu and Qi are outrageous, and the Duke of Zhou has declined. The suburb of Qi is also Yu, and the suburb of Song is also Qi, which is the responsibility of the emperor. After the Qi and Song Dynasties, the Duke of Zhou was regent, which brought peace and was also a ceremony with the emperor. When the vassal states publicly offered sacrifices to the ancestral temple, they all offered their gifts, but Zhu did not dare to change his customary law, which was called great honor. Today's special envoy It is not decent to be a corpse and a corpse, which is called a tyrant; Crown chariot, hidden in private, immoral, which means threatening the monarch; Doctors have officials, ritual vessels are not fake, and vocal music is all indecent. This is for the sake of chaos. Therefore, being an official is for the public, for the family and for the servant. Three years of mourning, if you are newly married, it will not work. Taste the decline into the DPRK, mix with servants, indecent assault, that is, the minister and gentleman. The emperor has the descendants of Tian Zhi, the princes have the descendants of the country, and the doctors have the descendants of Ji Zhi, which is called the system; If the emperor is suitable to be a vassal, he will be impolite to leave the ancestral temple, indicating that the emperor has a bad law and discipline; A vassal's visit to a minister's house means that the monarch and ministers are joking. Husband and courtiers are the handles of the monarch, so don't be too ignorant, look at ghosts and gods, test the system, list righteousness, establish politics and religion, and make a monarch and minister go up and down. Therefore, if the government is not standardized, the status of the monarch will be dangerous, and the minister will be twice as dangerous. If I steal, the punishment will be severe and the customs will be impermanent. The impermanence of the law is rude. Falling to the ancestral temple is called benevolence, falling to the mountains and rivers, falling to the five sacrifices, and falling to the system. This is why this saint hides. Holy people participate in heaven and earth, and govern politics with ghosts and gods. He takes care of his existence, enjoys ceremonies and rules the people. As soon as he was born, the land made money, and the man was born by his father and taught by his teacher. Four heavenly kings. People raise, but not others; What people do has nothing to do with people. If it is a husband, it will be there in the Ming dynasty. If you don't support enough people, you will lose your position. Therefore, the people will be self-governing, self-maintaining and self-demonstrating, which is determined by the ceremony. Everyone loves his death and suffers from his life, so he deceives it with wisdom, angers it with courage, and greets it with benevolence. Love, sadness, fear, love, and evil desires can be learned; What is human righteousness? A father is kind to his son, a brother is kind to his son, a husband is righteous and a woman listens, and a gentleman is loyal to him. The ten are called righteousness; Keeping promises and repairing friendship is beneficial to people, jealous of jealousy, and disadvantageous to people; The reason why saints treat people's seven emotions, ten righteousness, sincerity and harmony, opposition and competition, how to treat them without courtesy; Eat drink man woman, man's great desire is existence, his death is poverty, and his great sin is existence. Those who want evil, the big end of people, hide their hearts, can not be measured. Beauty and evil are in their hearts, and their colors are invisible. If they want to be poor, why give up their talent? An old friend, the virtue of heaven and earth, the turn of Yin and Yang, the meeting of ghosts and gods, the manifestation of the five elements. The sky supports the sun, the sky supports the sun, and the ground supports the shade, which are contained in mountains and rivers. Four seasons are born at four o'clock, and the next month is born at four o'clock. Based on three to five, the lack of three to five, five actions are exhausted. The five elements, four qi and December are also based on each other; Five tones, five laws and twelve tubes are also palaces; Five flavors, six foods and twelve foods are still quality; Five colors, six chapters and twelve clothes are the main elements. An old friend is the heart of heaven and earth, and at the end of the five elements, food is different from color. A saint must take heaven and earth as the foundation, yin and yang as the end, the four seasons as the handle, the sun, the moon and the stars as the discipline, the sun, the moon and the stars as the quantity, the ghosts and gods as the disciples, the five behaviors as the quality, the etiquette as the instrument, the human feelings as the field and the four spirits as the livestock. It is obvious to end with yin and yang; With the four seasons as the handle, the story can be persuaded; Taking the sun, the moon and the stars as the subject, so the industry can be different; The moon thinks it is quantity, so it is art; Ghosts and gods thought they were disciples, and the story remained; Five elements are quality, and stories can be repeated; Etiquette and righteousness are tools, and the story line is tested; Human feelings think of fields, and the four spirits think of livestock. What are the four spirits? Phoenix turtle dragon is called the Four Spirits. Therefore, the dragon thinks he is an animal, but the fish doesn't care; Phoenix thinks livestock, birds think no; We think livestock, but animals don't think so; The tortoise thinks of animals, but human feelings are not lost. The late king held turtles, offered sacrifices, made sacrifices, announced sacrifices, and sent greetings. The old country is polite, the official has royalty, and the post office is orderly. My late king suffered from ceremony, so he was in the suburbs It is also beneficial to sacrifice society for the country; Ancestral temple, so benevolence; Travel around the mountains and play with water, so ghosts and gods also; Sacrifice five sacrifices, so the skills are not bad. Therefore, Mr. Zhu is in the temple, the three fairs are in court, the three elders are studying, Wang Qian is a witch, the divine world is around, and the king's heart is inaction, so as to keep the integrity. So the ceremony is held in the suburbs, the gods are employed, the ceremony is held in the society, and the department store is excellent, and the ceremony is held in the ancestral hall. Therefore, dying for health is the end of ghosts and gods; Therefore, we should follow heaven and human feelings. Only saints can know the etiquette. Therefore, if the country breaks down and dies, it must be presented first. Ceremony is a person, and wine is also embarrassing. A gentleman is thick and a villain is thin. The handle of the sage's reason and righteousness and the order of ceremony are to treat human feelings. Everyone who belongs to man is the field of the holy king, Chen, and the gift of training. Righteousness is divided into art, benevolence, joint art and benevolence. The winner is strong, and the loser loses; Benevolence is the foundation of righteousness, and obedience is respected by those who get it. Therefore, governing the country is not based on courtesy, but ploughing without money; For courtesy, not for righteousness, for repair; Don't study for the sake of learning, but also plant; Learning without mercy is not enough; Benevolent people, if they are uneasy, they will be happy, and they will still eat it; Be prepared for danger in times of peace, not for tact, but for eating and not getting fat. Father and son are loyal, brothers are harmonious, husband and wife are harmonious, and the family is fat; Minister law, small minister base, orderly official position, harmonious monarch and minister, fat country; The emperor takes virtue as the car, pleasure as the king, princes take courtesy as the phase, doctors take law as the order, scholars take faith as the test, and the people take care of each other. The world is also fat. It's called Dashun. Shun, so ghosts and gods die often. The story is full of stories, parallel but not absurd, fine lines without losing, deep and profound, lush and intermittent, occasionally irrelevant and moving. Mountain people don't want to live in Sichuan, Zhu people don't want to live in their original place, so they fight with fire and water. Eat and drink in time. Men and women get married in winter and are knighted in spring. People will obey, so there will be no floods and droughts, and people will not be hungry and evil. Heaven doesn't love its way, earth doesn't love its treasure, and people don't love its feelings. This is the dew from the sky, flowing from the ritual spring.

Confucius attended the wax festival when he was the general manager of Lu. After the guests left, he came out to look at the balcony and sighed with emotion. Yan Yan followed Confucius and asked, "Why does the teacher sigh?" Confucius said: "I didn't catch up with the era when the avenue was in use and the Xia, Shang and Zhou elites were in power, but some written records can still be seen."

"In the thoroughfare era, the world is public, people do their best, stress honesty and devote themselves to friendship. So people love not only their parents but also their children. Old people in society can live a quiet life, mature people can give full play to their talents, and widowers, widows, orphans and disabled people can all be supported. People hate wasting property, but there is no need to collect it in their own homes; People are worried that their intelligence and physical strength will not be fully exerted, but this is not for personal benefit. Therefore, treacherous plots will not happen, nor will stealing property disturb society. Therefore, there is no need to lock the door at home. This is called Datong world. "

"Now the avenue has declined, and the world belongs to one private property. People only love their parents and children. If you want to keep your property for yourself, you should also contribute to yourself. The emperor passed on property and power from generation to generation, and it was common to build moats and ponds as fortifications. Yu Xia, Shang Tang, King Wen, King Cheng and Duke Zhou were all born in this era, and none of them behaved impolitely. The rise of etiquette coexists with heaven and earth. If someone is in power and does not follow the etiquette system, the people regard him as a disaster. "

Yan Yan asked again: "In this case, is the ceremony urgent?"

Confucius said: "Rites were used by the first generation of sages to inherit the way of nature to govern human feelings. It refers to ghosts and gods, which are performed in rituals such as sacrifice, funeral, shooting in the countryside, crown, marriage, and engagement. Therefore, the saints show their humanity by courtesy, and the country can govern well. "

Yan Yan asked again: "People in power now don't know how to follow the etiquette system. Why? "

Confucius said, "Alas, what a pity! I visited the system of the Zhou Dynasty, which has been corrupted since Wang You and Wang Li. Abandon Lu where to investigate? However, the sacrifices in the suburbs of Lu no longer conform to the Zhou Li. The established etiquette seems to have declined. Qi people's suburban sacrifice is a sacrifice to Yu, while Song people's suburban sacrifice is a sacrifice contract, which is the duty of the emperor. Also because they are descendants of Xia and Shang Dynasties. Duke Zhou was a powerful minister, making the world peaceful, so he used the gift of the son of heaven. As for the vassal's sacrifice to the country and ancestors, people from all walks of life abide by the same laws and regulations. I wish you dare not change the original etiquette system. This is called Dajia. "