1, a rich government sergeant in the Zhou Dynasty, a descendant of Peng Zu, took the official as his surname. According to A Brief History of Clans in Song Dynasty, Qian was classified as "official surname", saying: Zhuan Xu's great-grandson Lu Yisheng was born in Peng Zu and was a sergeant at home, so he was named after an official. According to Records of Historical Records of Chu Family and Surnames Spectrum, Lu Zhong is the great-grandson of Zhuan Xu. His wife was pregnant for three years and gave birth to six children by caesarean section, "Peng Zu three days". Peng Zu is a famous birthday girl. Ishimoto said that he was "a famous Jane, a famous Keng, who kept Tibetan history in Shang Dynasty and made history in Zhou Dynasty, and was 800 years old." His descendant, Fu Peng, was a sergeant in Qianfu during the Western Zhou Dynasty. Staff sergeant, official name, there were staff sergeant, sergeant and corporal in the Zhou Dynasty). Because the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty was in Haojing (now an, Shaanxi), it was necessary to be an official in Beijing, so the Qian family was formed in Shaanxi.

2. From the surname. This statement is actually a variant and supplement of the first statement. According to the textual research of Hundred Family Names, it is said that Peng Zu's surname is Geng Ming, and later generations took it as their surname, which was later simplified as "money" (some scholars think that there was no "Geng" in ancient times).

3. Change his surname from his home. According to the Tongzhi Genealogy in Qing Dynasty, the Manchu people who lived in Nihe were surnamed Qian. According to the origin of surnames in Taiwan Province Province, during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, seven surnames of aborigines in Taiwan Province Province were given money. There is also the Salawan family of Taiwan Province aborigines, whose Han surname is Qian; During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the vice president of Tuting in Lin 'an, Yunnan Province, surnamed Qian, was a Hani; Today, Yi, Mongolian, Tujia, Li and other ethnic groups all have this surname.

Ancestor: Qian Fu. Emperor Zhuan Xu was the ancestor of the eight surnames in southern China in early times. Born Sun Mingkeng, later named Peng Cheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). So I got Peng's. Peng Keng is a famous longevity person. According to legend, he lived more than 800 years in Xia and Shang Dynasties and was honored as Peng Zu. Peng Zu had Sun Mingfu, who was a sergeant in Qian's family in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Later, his descendants took his official name as surname and called him Qian. They respect Qian Fu as the ancestor of Qian's surname.

Second, migration distribution.

From the above, it can be seen that the centers of residence and distribution of people surnamed Qian in the early days were nothing more than Guanzhong and northern Jiangsu, and the latter was more meaningful. During the Qin and Western Han Dynasties, some people surnamed Qian mainly lived in Xuzhou and Pizhou, Jiangsu Province. Until the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Qian Xun moved to Wucheng (now south of Huzhou, Zhejiang Province) and Qian Lin moved to Pimen, Changxing. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Qian Lin's grandson Qian Chang moved to Changcheng County (now Changxing, Zhejiang Province), and another family named Qimen General Qian Xian was named Gaomihou, living in the northern part of Shandong Peninsula. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Qian Mi, the grandson of Qian IX, was an assistant general and a senior farmer. He lived in the Great Wall and was called the county magistrate. Qian Chong, a native of the Great Wall, was awarded the title of establishing a county by moving eastward (now east of Huzhou, Zhejiang). In addition, Qian surname is said to be superior to Wu surname, so the county has also become a famous Qian surname county. During this period, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Qian family still took Xing Wu County and other traditional residential centers as their breeding bases, and there was no special change. After the Tang Dynasty, with the establishment of Qian Liu, a native of Lin 'an, his descendants almost spread all over the thirteen states of Zhejiang within the national sphere of influence. After Wu Yue returned to the Song Dynasty, his descendants were mostly officials in the Song Dynasty, and their descendants were more widely distributed, so that the "Hundred Family Names" were honored as the second surname. During this period, Qian Dinghai moved from Hangzhou to Shanghai Jinshan. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Qian was distributed in Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Hebei, Shanxi and other places. During the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, Qian, as one of the surnames of people who moved to Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi in the Ming Dynasty, moved to Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places. During Zheng De's reign in Ming Dynasty (1506- 152 1), Qian Zi, a Shuangfeng native of Taicang, Jiangsu Province, led his family to move to Shengjing first, and then to Waigang, Wangxianqiao and Chengzhong (all places in Shanghai). During the nearly 300 years from the end of Ming Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, people surnamed Qian entered Taiwan Province Province about 8 times. After the defeat of the Kuomintang in Taiwan Province Province, more people surnamed Qian moved to Taiwan Province, and some crossed the ocean to explore and develop in Southeast Asia and other parts of the world. Today, Qian's family is widely distributed in China, mainly in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Anhui and other provinces and cities. The Qian surname in these areas accounts for about 65% of the Han population in China. Qian is the 89th surname in China with a large population, accounting for 0.22% of the Han population in China.

Third, historical celebrities.

Qian Zhongshu: A statesman of the Five Dynasties, the founder of Wu Yueguo, was in office from 907 to 932. When he lived in Liang, his name was Yue. During his reign, he recruited migrant workers and built the seawall of Qiantang River. Weirs and sluices are generally built in Taihu Lake basin to store floods in time and not be afraid of droughts and floods. It is beneficial to the agricultural economy in this area to establish a maintenance system for water network areas.

Qian Qi, a great poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Wu Xingren and was a scholar in Tianbao period. He is one of the "Top Ten Talented Talents in Dali", as well as Lang Shiyuan, and is known as "Qian Lang" in the world. There is a saying of "money test".

Qian, a celebrity who first became famous in the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Zhejiang. He was a scholar at the age of 17, and was called "gifted scholar Li Bai".

Qian Yi: Yunzhou (now Dongping, Shandong) was a doctor in the Song Dynasty and once worked as a doctor. He has extensive medical knowledge and is proficient in materia medica, including Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Infant Theory, and his medical certificate for children is rare.

Qian Xuan: Wu Xingren, a native of Zhejiang, was a famous painter in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. He is good at figures, flowers and birds, fruits and vegetables, and landscapes. The pen is soft, colorful, beautiful and has its own style.

Qian Hongchu: The grandson of Qian Liu, who reigned from 948 to 978, helped the Song Dynasty to wipe out the Southern Tang Dynasty. Later, the land of two Zhejiang and thirteen States belonged to the Song Dynasty and was named the king of Huaihai.

Qian: Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) was born, his son, an official in the Northern Song Dynasty, and an ambassador who believed in the letter. Be knowledgeable and versatile, and use beautiful words. His works include The Quincy Choir Collection, The Story of the Home King and Jin Po's Legacy.

Qian Lezhi: The Southern Song Dynasty Taishi ordered Yuan Jiazhong to cast an original armillary sphere created by Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later made a small armillary sphere.

Qian: A native of Changshu, Jiangsu Province, Wanli Jinshi of Ming and Qing Dynasties. He was a senior official in Ming and Qing dynasties. He is a master of southeast literary circles for decades, advocating that poetry should have a book and opposing Yan Yu's quips. He is the author of beginners' collection and learners' collection.

Qian: A native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, a minister in the Qing Dynasty, had a history of being an official in politics. A good poem is appreciated by people, and sometimes duets are performed. Together with Shen Deqian, they are called the two oldest poets in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, including The Collection of Fragrant Trees.

Qian Daxin: A native of Jiading, Jiangsu (present-day Shanghai), was a textual research scholar in Qing Dynasty, especially good at history, so as to study history by textual research. He is the author of Textual Research on Tang Shijing, Textual Research on Classic Figures, Artistic Records of Yuan History, and Collected Works of Qian.

Qian: Zhejiang Wuxing, a modern writer. He used to be a professor at a famous school in Beijing, and he has written "Notes on Philology" and "Assumption of Notes on Ancient Twenty-eight Rhymes".

Qian Zhuangfei: Xing Wu, Zhejiang, China martyr. He once joined the General Affairs Section of the Kuomintang Secret Service Organization Department and died on the way to the Long March.

Qian Xuesen: Hangzhou, Zhejiang, national defense scientist. Participated in organizing and leading the development and invention of strategic missiles and satellites in China, and was an advocate of system science in China.

Qian Weichang: A native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, vice chairman of the Central Committee of the NLD, a mechanic. He is the author of mechanics of armor-piercing projectile and generalized variational principle.

Qian Sanqiang: Xing Wu, Zhejiang (now Huzhou), nuclear physicist. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), it has made great contributions to the development of China's nuclear industry. It is also called "San Qian" with Qian Xuesen and Qian Weichang.

Qian Zhongshu: a native of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, is a contemporary writer, literary historian and famous scholar. Long-term commitment to the comparison of Chinese and western literature. He is the author of Essays Written on the Edge of Life, Short Stories, Short Stories, Fortress Besieged Novels and Literary Theories.

Fourth, the county hall number

Wang Jun 1

Xiapi County: A county was established in the Eastern Han Dynasty to govern Xiapi. Pixian County, Jiangsu Province is under its jurisdiction in the north, Jiashan Mountain in Anhui Province in the south and Lianshui and Huai 'an in Jiangsu Province in the east.

Pengcheng County: The Western Han Dynasty changed Chu State to Pengcheng County and soon became Chu State. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to Pengcheng Prefecture to rule Pengcheng.

Wu: The three kingdoms set up counties, and the county seat was located in Wucheng. It is equivalent to the northwest of Lin 'an and Yuhang in Zhejiang, and Yixing County in Jiangsu.

2. Hall number

Wu Yuetang: Qian Miao was the founding emperor of wuyue in the Five Dynasties. He was just a general in the later Tang Dynasty. But he knows the art of war and is good at using soldiers. He defeated, destroyed Huang Chao and suppressed Liu. The emperor promoted him to Zhenhai as our special envoy, because he had many meritorious military service. At this time, Dong Chang rebelled. When he suppressed Chang Dong, the emperor named him King Yue, and later named him King Wu. Liang Taizu arrived and made him Yue.

In addition, the main hall names of the Qian family are: Jinshutang, Xiangyitang, Yanluantang, Wuyuetang, Wanxuantang and Dangui Hall.

Clan characteristics of verb (abbreviation of verb)

1. In the history of our country, people surnamed Qian have never played a vigorous role in politics, but they are literati and talented people. On virtue, it has a completely different meaning from their surnames.

2. Peng Qian is a family. There is an old saying since ancient times that Peng Qian will share weal and woe if he doesn't marry. Peng Zu lived more than 800 years, and Qian Lang lived more than 170 years in the Tang Dynasty, with a life span of 70 years. But it's hard to say that money and Peng are so popular.

3. The lines are arranged orderly. For example, in Changshu, Jiangsu, the word line of Qian surname is: "Hong Shi Yuan Ze, Shu Likangkun." Another example is the word line of Qian surname in Kunming, Yunnan, saying: "Casting this book, wide and far away, is also a great thing for Yitai people."

Qianshi ancestral hall Federation

Four-character couplet of Qian's ancestral hall

Immediate delivery;

Studying in the country.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The first couplet was written by Qian Wen, king of wuyue in the Five Dynasties. He is good at shooting and can transport by horse. The next couplet shows that Qian Qing Chen Qun was born in a poor family when he was young, and his mother Chen Shu's old work is Six Laws. This class is read by a spinning wheel.

Return to China;

Gather officials and add flowers.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The first couplet was written by Qian Liu, King of wuyue in the Five Dynasties. I live in Yijincheng. The second couplet, written by Qian in the Northern Song Dynasty, is a person who has been an official for generations. Some people say that "all the stars gather together, and flowers add a brocade."

Iron makes a thousand men;

Watch out for the next pier.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The All-China Federation was written by Sun Fu, a descendant of the Chinese people. He was a sergeant in Zhou Qianfu, and his descendants took the official as their surname.

Chasing Fang Dongyue;

Shao Mei Xi Kun.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Qian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was elected as a faction leader by the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.

Beat the tide and calm the sea;

Lu's tomb is full of flowers.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Couplets were written from Qiantang levee and were washed away by the tide. King Qian Liu of wuyue ordered tens of thousands of strong crossbows to shoot it, and the tide retreated into the levee. The second couplet is called "filial piety", because Song Qian Yaoqing lost his father in his childhood and kept the tomb all day.

Peng cheng shize;

Voice of Vietnam.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The Quanlian Hall was the ancestor of Peng Zu Qian Fu, and was sealed in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou) in Yao's time. Qian Liu, the King of Wu Yue in the Five Dynasties.

Ze Cheng Zhou Fu;

Name and Qian Lang.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Couplets refer to the origin of money. The second couplet refers to Don Qian Qi.

Silver elk horn;

Fairy branches of brocade trees.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

All-China Federation refers to Qian Liu.

Pengcheng valve reading;

Water blue clothes.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Quanlian Dian refers to the origin and county outlook of the Qian family.

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Seven-character couplet of Qian's ancestral hall

Cui Gongren stays green and grass;

Chen Xianmu won an award for his evening performance.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The first pair of couplets was written by Qian Mengdian, daughter of Qian Cheng, assistant minister of punishments in Qing Dynasty. She was good at poetry and wrote Cao Shi Around Qing Dynasty. Qian's mother Chen Yibian teaches her son to spin.

Ryan invited the wine;

Ancestors once paid for lamps.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The All-China Federation refers to Chu before the Five Dynasties.

There are thousands of volumes in the Shugu Hall;

There are thousands in Jiang Yun Building.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Qian Ceng, a bibliophile in the Qing Dynasty, is called "Collection Hall" in Collection of Books. The second couplet is about Qian, a poet in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. His family has a crimson cloud building and a rich collection of books.

Only many meaningful poems are famous;

Learning has a long history.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Qian Qi, a poet in Tang Dynasty, is one of the "Ten Talented Scholars in Dali Period" and is the author of Qian Kao Gong Ji. Peng Zu, whose real name is Qian Ming Keng, is famous for guiding massage fitness.

The ink is a little wet;

Cao Zhi enters the curtain, and the spring rain is fragrant.

-Qian's Ancestral Association was inscribed by Qian Rusi.

The All-China Federation uses couplets written by Qian Lusi, a calligrapher and poet in the Qing Dynasty. Qian Rusi, named Dong Bo, is from Wujin.

Kaisha still has a letter to return to China;

Blow the tide bow when you untie it.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

Quanlian Hall refers to Qian Luan, King of Wusu in Song Dynasty.

Fairy phoenix and jade dew fight for it;

Dense bamboo is loose and aggressive.

-Qian Daxin wrote "Qian's Ancestral Hall Federation".

Qian Daxin (1728- 1804), a famous scholar and scholar in the Qing dynasty, wrote the book "Couplets". Qian Daxin, alias, No.,is from Jiading, Jiangsu. He is knowledgeable, has many original opinions on phonological exegesis, and is good at collating and textual research, including the textual research of Twenty-two History.

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Qian's Ancestral Hall General Union of Seven Words or More

Learning is like a cow's hair and a horn;

Words are not written, and they are not written at dusk.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The All-China Federation was written by Qian Dian, a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty (1744- 1806).

Named Ding Jia, passed down from generation to generation;

Xiuyu Qiantang, brother Yiyi.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The first sentence of the first part of the couplet was written by Qian Fu, an academician of the Ming Dynasty, and the string gauge trial came first. After the first couplet, the sentence code was written by Qian Sheng, a minister of Ming Dynasty and a university student of Dongge, and Wanli was the first in palace examination. Assistant minister of Qian Li department; After the second couplet of Wanli Jinshi, Qian Kun, the secretary of the Song Dynasty, and Qian Yi, the younger brother of Hanlin, were both scholars.

The peaks on the river are green and the algae are as white as white;

State crab purple, Song can not go to the second mountain.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

The first sentence of the first part of the couplet was written by Tang Qian Qi, who is engaged in poetry work and is one of the "Ten Talented Persons in Dali Period". There is a famous saying, "At the end of the song, people are scattered, and there are several peaks on the river." When I went to lift it, the examiner felt "like a godsend"; The sentence after the first couplet was written by Qian Yi in the Song Dynasty, which is famous for its talent and intelligence. Su Yijian said that it is easy to have Li Bai if you have money. The first sentence of the second couplet comes from Qian Kun in Song Dynasty. Qian Yi's brother is a crab lover. He wants to fill an extra job and get a job with crabs but no judges. After the second couplet, the sentence is self-evident, and Qian Wei, who was once hated by Sejong because of the change of stars. He also disdained the southern tour and was demoted to the people. Returning to China to give lectures is not as good as the government.

A love that consumes everything, the iron ticket king grandson;

Liang Jianyan said, I will start again for the children of Wuyi.

-anonymous write money ancestral temple federation

This couplet adopts the couplet of Qian's ancestral hall in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. The "Iron Voucher" in the first part of the book refers to Qian Liu, King of wuyue in the Five Dynasties. Tang Zhaozong appointed him as our envoy to Zhenhai, and gave him an iron coupon (that is, an iron deed, a certificate that the ancient emperor granted heroes certain privileges from generation to generation). The representative of the Han Dynasty wrote the oath with vermilion, cut it open, and the court and the grantee each kept half; After the Tang dynasty, it was inlaid with gold and engraved with the words of privilege such as freedom from death. In the Ming dynasty, his descendants still preserved it. Tao in the Ming Dynasty said in his book Qian Wusu Iron Coupon: "My hometown Qian is a descendant of King Qian Wusu. He once took out the iron coupon hidden at home. It was like a tile, more than a foot high and about two feet wide, and it was inlaid with gold. " The bottom line "children in black" refers to the descendants of wealthy families. "May Day" refers to Wuyi Lane, which is south of Qinhuai River in Nanjing today. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wu was stationed here, named after soldiers wearing black (black) clothes. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang, Xie and other aristocratic families once lived here, and their fame spread far and wide.

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Appendix: Anecdotal Stories about Money

Go home with clothes on.

Qian Miao, king of Wusu, wuyue, was born in poverty and lived in distress in his early years. Later, forced by livelihood, he joined the army. I didn't expect him to make a fortune and eventually become the king of the separatist regime, occupying the land of thirteen states in wuyue and becoming the overlord. After becoming a dignitary, he decided to follow the story of Emperor Gaozu and return to his hometown to show off in front of his hometown people. So on the one hand, he ordered his hometown to be renamed "Yi Jin Army" and overhauled palaces and castles on the basis of his old garden, which was extremely spectacular for a while. On the other hand, he called friends and relatives, old friends, neighbors and villagers to dance all day, and even covered all the places where he played as a child with splendid silks and satins to show that he never forgot the past. At the same time, he also smugly let the villagers sing their own "Song of the Return of the Native" to praise, so his hometown was sensational and very lively. It is said that this was the case when Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang sang Song of the Wind.

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[Lianzhong Sanyuan]

Bai Qian (1743- 1799) was born in Changzhou, Jiangsu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu) in the Qing Dynasty, and was born in a scholarly family. Since childhood, Qian has read widely and studied diligently, and is famous for his outstanding talents. Forty-four years after Qianlong (1779), the first place after the provincial examination was cited as "Xie Yuan". According to legend, he is quite magical this time. At that time, the examiner Xie Yong was reading papers in the middle of the night and fell asleep. In a trance, he saw a fairy give him a huge pen. The four characters "Jing Tian Wei Di" are impressively engraved on the pen holder, and the end of the pen is decorated with peacock hair, which is dazzling. When I woke up, there happened to be a test paper with money and firewood on it. Xie Yong thought that the pen given by the fairy in the dream must be this person, so he put his test paper in "Xie Shou", which was the first place.

Forty-six years after Qianlong (178 1), Bai Qian went to Beijing to take the exam. On the way, he dreamed that the black dragon and colorful clouds were flying in the air in front of him, so he held the dragon horn in his left hand, took a pen in his right hand and wrote four big characters on the faucet. No sooner had the words been written than the dragon flew away. Soon, he won the titles of "Hui Yuan" and "No.1 Scholar" in succession.

The news of the "three yuan" of thousands of eight companies shocked North Korea. Emperor Qianlong thought it was a great event since the founding of the Qing Dynasty and a good omen for "peace and prosperity". Three days after it was circulated, Emperor Qianlong personally wrote "Imperial Sanyuan Poetry" to celebrate. Its poem cloud:

Dragon and tiger spread songs, and Taihe dawned. With a hundred years of history, China won three yuan in the spring list.

The literary movement is strong, and the rituals and music in the Qing Dynasty are generous. It contains four meanings, nearly a thousand words.

Seek the end of the model and expect the theory. How did Wang Zeng succeed? This is against my will.

Gan Long not only praised his imperial examination strategies, but also praised his articles for their "nearly a thousand words", which were practical, complete in expression, correct in calligraphy, delicate and powerful. Scholars and poets from all over Beijing have written poems to congratulate them. "There are hundreds of people in harmony." Weng Wengang once wrote four poems, including Song of Three Flowers and Three Wedding Banquets. Later, Weng Wengang specially collected these poems and compiled them into "Three-Yuan Poetry Collection", which was handed down from generation to generation in Fu Zi.

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Qiantang shooting tide

Qiantang River in Zhejiang Province has been famous for its stormy waves and amazing destructive power since ancient times. Tide watching in Qiantang River has long been a local scene. At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, due to years of war, the Qiantang River levee was seriously damaged and dilapidated, and it could not continue to defend against the erosion of huge waves. People on both sides of the strait have been repeatedly displaced and suffered, and even Hangzhou, the capital of Wu Yueguo, has been threatened. In view of the urgency of the situation, King Qian Miao of wuyue ordered to organize and mobilize the people of the whole country to dig stones to fill rivers and carry out large-scale renovation. I didn't expect the tide to surge at that time, and the project could not be carried out normally. The feeling be nasty under, Qian Miao thought it was ghosts and gods, so now he ordered craftsmen to build 3000 Zhi Zhu arrows with feather arrows, and ordered the foot soldiers of the water army to take turns to shoot at the tide with strong bows and hard crossbows. The tide gradually subsided, and the project was successfully completed, which ensured the life and property safety of people on both sides of Hang Cheng and Qiantang River, and Qian Miao was praised by the world. six