Model essay 1: Talking about the problems existing in community nursing and the development countermeasures. According to the problems existing in community nursing, such as: insufficient government attention, imperfect management system, insufficient funds and insufficient resource allocation, the society's understanding of nursing still stays in the traditional concept, some residents' health care awareness is immature, community nursing talents are lacking, and community nursing management is lacking. Out of control? In order to achieve the goal of community hospitals, the corresponding development countermeasures are put forward, such as increasing the government's supervision and capital investment in community health services, establishing diversified medical service institutions, determining the selection criteria of community nurses, carrying out standardized training for community nurses, striving to improve the professional quality of community workers, doing a good job in community nursing quality management, and formulating medical care networks and community nursing management networks.
Keywords: community nursing development problems and countermeasures
Community nursing expands the service object of nursing from patients to healthy people, the service scope from hospitals to families and communities, and the work content from helping patients recover to preventive health care and improving people's life and quality of life. Community nursing plays an important role in the continuous development and improvement of China's medical and health undertakings, and it is also an inevitable trend of the development of social medical and health undertakings.
1 Problems in community nursing
1. 1 The government pays insufficient attention to it and the management system is not perfect.
1.2 countries with insufficient funds and resources have not invested enough in medical and health undertakings, resulting in the lack of basic medical equipment and advanced medical instruments in some service stations.
1.3 The society's understanding of nursing still stays in the traditional concept. In most people's minds, nursing is subordinate to medical treatment, not an independent subject. Nurses' duties are considered to be mainly to assist doctors to complete medical work, but they have not been promoted to the height of promoting and maintaining people's physical and mental health, and their social values, especially their independent nursing services, have not been fully recognized. Therefore, the low self-care ability of patients has affected the development of community nursing.
1.4 Some residents' awareness of health care is immature, their quality of life is not high, community health services cannot be popularized, and community health service resources cannot be utilized to the maximum extent.
1.5 community nursing talents lack hard work, and their wages are low, and even their wages are difficult to guarantee, which is easy to dampen the enthusiasm of nurses. Most college nursing graduates have not got rid of the bad habit of being superior to others, which leads to the low academic qualifications of community nursing staff. In addition, due to the busy community nursing work, standardized training and continuing education have not been paid attention to, and there is a lack of comprehensive general nurses.
1.6 community nursing management? Out of control? The number and knowledge training of community nurses are insufficient, the experience of community nursing and the ability to solve their own health problems are uneven, and some nursing departments basically do not pay attention to community nurses, which makes the technology and services provided by community nurses feel insecure to varying degrees, the restraint mechanism of community management is imperfect, and community management lacks standardization.
2. Countermeasures for developing community nursing
2. 1 increase the government's supervision and capital investment in community health services, improve the operation system and management system of community nursing, and increase the government's supervision over community health services. Formulate strict management systems and measures to standardize, standardize and systematize community work; At the same time, we should pay attention to improving the working environment of community nurses, improve the quality and efficiency of community nursing work, and constantly improve the system and regulations for professional qualification access of community nurses; Equipped with advanced medical equipment, appropriately improve the treatment of community medical personnel. 2.2 Establish diversified medical service institutions to promote the development of community nursing.
2.3 Determine the selection criteria of community nurses. The selection criteria of community nurses are: physical health; Have good professional ethics and service attitude; Have rich nursing experience; Keen observation, good judgment, not afraid of hardship, high quality and strong affinity. They are all backbone nurses who compete for posts after passing the training. Selecting nursing managers among front-line staff in the community requires a strong sense of responsibility, certain management ability, and the ability to unite and motivate every nurse.
2.4 Standardized training for community nurses, including nursing operation skills and specialized nursing techniques. At the same time, the nursing department should hold a forum for community service objects and nurses once a month to provide them with a communication platform to ensure the improvement of nursing service level; Actively carry out criticism and self-criticism among nurses and strive to establish a good and healthy nurse-patient relationship; Hire psychologists to teach and enrich the social and humanistic knowledge of nursing staff.
2.5 Efforts should be made to improve the professional quality of community workers and increase on-the-job training for community nurses, so that nurses can independently judge the condition and identify various dangerous signs. It is a compulsory course for community nurses to further improve the course content, offer courses with community nursing characteristics and broaden their knowledge.
2.6 It is difficult to manage the quality of community nursing. The work of community nurses has obvious independence and complexity, so it is necessary to comprehensively apply the knowledge of natural science, social science and humanities and combine their own experience to complete the nursing work. Hold regular meetings every month to convey the spirit of relevant documents, feedback nursing problems, formulate solutions, exchange nursing experience, improve working methods, and further improve the level of nursing services.
2.7 Establish a medical care network and a community nursing management network, set up a community nursing service center, realize an electronic distress network, and realize the sharing of resources such as diagnosis and treatment norms in large hospitals with the community. Are they close? * * * Homomorphism? And achieve fluency? Recommendation channel? , self-contained, coordinated operation, or apply for experts from large hospitals to practice medicine in the community, to provide residents with low-cost, nearby, convenient and fast medical and health services, so as to achieve the goal of community hospitals.
Take the exam and contribute.
[1] Li Chunyu, Li Jianyuan. Reflections on community nursing education [J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 200 1.
[2] Zhao. Investigation and analysis of nurses' stress [J]. Journal of Nursing Science, 2002, 17(9):689-69 1.
Community nursing mode 2: Community nursing of hypertension Abstract Summarize the community nursing measures of hypertension patients, including psychological nursing, diet and daily life nursing, exercise and fitness guidance, expanding the scope of investigation, regularly monitoring blood pressure, insisting on rational drug use and health education lectures and guidance.
Hypertension; Community nursing
Hypertension has the characteristics of high prevalence, serious complications and long prevention and treatment cycle. There are many drugs and preventive measures for patients with hypertension, which is a long-term treatment and prevention process. Therefore, once suffering from hypertension, we must establish the idea of long-term treatment and prevention to effectively control and reduce the occurrence of complications. According to experts' years of prevention and treatment experience, patients with essential hypertension need to adhere to antihypertensive treatment for a long time and control their blood pressure at a normal or basically normal level in order to effectively control and reduce complications. Community nursing can go deep into patients' families, understand patients' condition, play an important role in the rehabilitation and daily nursing of hypertension, and effectively improve patients' quality of life. After insisting on community nursing for hypertension, the effect is satisfactory. Introduction is as follows.
Clinical data of 1
Community health service centers were selected to carry out community family management on 270 hypertensive patients within their jurisdiction, and chronic disease management files were established, and they were followed up regularly according to their illness. Male 158, female 1 12. Age 30 -80 years old; All of them meet the diagnostic criteria of hypertension of the World Health Organization (WHO).
2 Community nursing
2. 1 psychological nursing A large number of research data have confirmed that hypertension is a psychosomatic disease, and non-drug treatment of hypertension has attracted widespread attention at home and abroad. Most patients with hypertension have different degrees of emotional excitement, anxiety or depression. Although some patients have no complications, their quality of life has obviously decreased. Nursing staff should carry out targeted, patient and meticulous psychological care according to patients' age, education level and individual characteristics, explain the characteristics of hypertension to patients, help patients treat diseases correctly, and maintain an optimistic mood and a calm state of mind. Encourage patients to choose sports, entertainment and other cultural life independently, actively participate in social activities, pour out their confusion to others, gain the understanding of their peers, urge them to reduce mental stress, maintain psychological balance, improve stress ability, and avoid sudden emotional excitement, causing vasoconstriction and high blood pressure.
2.2 Diet and daily care Diet care is one of the basic methods to control hypertension. Patients with hypertension should be low in salt, fat and sugar, eat less meat and vegetables, and eat less foods with high cholesterol [1], such as animal viscera, egg yolk and blackwater fish. Eat more vegetables, fruits and miscellaneous grains, fresh vegetables are about 500g per day, fruits are about 100g per day, and miscellaneous grains such as corn, oats and buckwheat. Pay attention to supplement potassium and calcium, such as green leafy vegetables, fresh milk, fresh fruits and bean products. The daily dosage of sodium salt should not exceed 6g. Quit smoking and limit alcohol.
2.3 Exercise and fitness guidance Appropriate exercise can improve the body's resistance and promote blood circulation. Patients with hypertension should maintain proper physical activity and advocate aerobic exercise.
According to various differences, scientific fitness, such as walking, swimming and jogging, can generally be carried out in the early morning or 30 minutes after dinner, so as not to feel tired. Long-term adherence to rehabilitation walking is helpful to the steady decline of blood pressure. In addition, relaxation exercises such as Tai Ji Chuan and Qigong can also relieve tension and promote the rehabilitation of patients with hypertension. Eat well, live regularly, get up and eat on time, and ensure adequate sleep time. 2.4 Expand the scope of investigation. According to the data, the younger the age group, the better the prevention effect. In the past, most of the people were over 30 years old, but the people aged 65,438+08-30 years old were ignored. From the perspective of primary prevention of hypertension, if early detection, timely treatment, strengthening follow-up and removing some possible unfavorable factors can play a role in preventing and treating complications such as heart, brain and kidney caused by hypertension.
2.5 Regular monitoring of blood pressure In community nursing, teach patients and their families the methods and normal values of measuring blood pressure at home, and form the habit of self-monitoring blood pressure. When measuring blood pressure, we should set the position, position, sphygmomanometer and time, and record the monitoring results, which is conducive to evaluating the therapeutic effect and providing reference for further treatment. If the patient takes his blood pressure at home unconditionally, ask him to take his blood pressure at the nearby community health service station regularly. It is also necessary to regularly monitor the changes of blood lipids, blood sugar and electrocardiogram.
2.6 Adhere to rational drug use to make patients realize the importance of adhering to drug use [2] and consciously follow the doctor's advice. They should inform the name, dosage, usage and curative effect of the drug in detail, emphasize the regular use of the drug, do not add the drug by themselves or suddenly stop taking the drug, and understand the side effects of the drug. When side effects occur, you should report to the doctor in time, adjust the medicine, get into the habit of preparing the medicine for the day every morning and releasing it in a small medicine cup before lunch, and remind patients to prevent postural hypotension during taking the medicine.
2.7 health education lectures through the household health survey of community residents, guide the establishment of residents' health records, in order to find and register patients with hypertension. It is an effective way to reduce risk factors and prevent the occurrence and development of hypertension by holding lectures on hypertension knowledge so that patients and their families can understand the knowledge of hypertension rehabilitation and health care. Encourage patients and their families to exchange experiences, establish a management information system for patients with hypertension, evaluate the condition of patients with hypertension and implement follow-up management.
3 abstract
The national average prevalence rate is 1 1.8%[3]. And it shows an upward trend year by year. Hypertension patients, with the development of the disease, gradually appear a series of complications, such as coronary heart disease, cerebral arteriosclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, renal arteriosclerosis and so on. These are the late manifestations of hypertension, which not only directly endanger people's physical and mental health, but also seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Threatening people's health. Carrying out community health education is the continuation of nursing work, which gets rid of the short-term nursing behavior that patients end their nursing work as soon as they leave the hospital. Nursing workers should carefully observe, comprehensively collect patients' physiological, psychological and social information, comprehensively evaluate and formulate health files, so that patients can establish a healthy lifestyle. In a word, strengthening community nursing for patients with hypertension can control hypertension, delay the occurrence of complications, improve medication compliance, reduce the incidence and mortality of stroke and improve the quality of life.
Take the exam and contribute.
[1] Youhong. Community nursing care of hypertension. Family nurse, June 2008.
[3] Jing Wong. Community nursing care of hypertension. Chinese medicine guides, 2008, 15.
[2] Wu, Community nursing intervention for patients with hypertension. Qinghai medical journal, March, 2008.
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