Argument: Treating the moon is not only a matter of anxiety, anxiety, physical drowsiness and poor diet.

Efficacy:

The prescription of Huangyaozi Powder consists of Dioscorea bulbifera, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Rehmanniae, Scutellariae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Gypsum Fibrosum (one each), Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Platycodi (one each), Radix Glycyrrhizae (one each), Radix Asteris, Fructus Sophorae, Radix Bupleuri (one each), Dioscorea bulbifera, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Rehmanniae and Scutellariae Radix.

How to take and discuss: on the right, coarse powder, stir-fry San Qian and Yi Deng water, and stir-fry until 7 minutes of juice. Before eating, but a service. On the right, fry San Qian, but one.

Huang Yaoshi said:

(materia medica)

Different names of Dioscorea zingiberensis Turcz. (Daily Chemical Herbs), Dioscorea zingiberensis Turcz. (Kaibao Herbs), Muyaozi and Daku (Compendium).

The source is the tuber of Dioscorea zingiberensis.

Plant morphology: Huang Du (Tang Materia Medica) is also known as: earth egg (Tang Materia Medica), shrimp with golden thread, Shā rotto Katakuri (textual research on plant name), potato with zero residue, yellow frog, hairy egg tuo, mill scale tuo, Jinshan medicine, egg with golden thread, sweet potato and lettuce vine, yellow-seat music, taro with earth and frog.

Perennial grasslike twining vines. Tubers are solitary, spherical or conical, with a diameter of 3 ~ 10 cm, black epidermis and dense fibrous roots. The stem is cylindrical, several meters long, green or purple, smooth and hairless; There are purplish brown spherical or oval beads in the axils of leaves. Leaves alternate; Leaf blade is broadly heart-shaped, 7-22 cm long and 7-8 cm wide, with a tail-shaped apex and a broadly heart-shaped base, with 7-9 basal veins; Petiole twisted, slightly shorter than leaf. Flowers are unisexual and dioecious; Most small flowers, yellow and white, spikes, axillary; There are 2 bracts at the base of the flower, ovate and acute at the apex; Male perianth 6, lanceolate, stamens 6, filaments very short; Female perianth 6, lanceolate, blunt apex, inferior ovary, 3-loculed, 3-lobed style. Capsule pendulous, rectangular, with 3 membranous wings. The flowering period is from August to September. Fruit-bearing period: September ~ 65438+ 10.

Born in valleys, river banks, roadsides or on the edge of miscellaneous forests. Distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Taiwan Province and other places. It is cultivated in Hebei and Shandong.

The bulbils of this plant (Huangduliang) are also used for medicine, which is detailed in other articles.

It can be excavated in late summer and early winter, especially in September ~ 165438+ 10. Dig out the tubers, remove the stems and leaves, wash the soil, cut into thin slices with a thickness of about 1 ~ 1.5 cm, and air dry.

The dried tuber of medicinal materials is round or quasi-round, with a transverse diameter of 2.5-6 cm, a long diameter of 4-7 cm and a thickness of 0.5- 1.5 cm. The surface is brown-black, wrinkled, densely covered with short branch roots and yellow-white round branch roots, slightly protruding, about 2 mm in diameter, and some cork falls off, revealing a light yellow smooth central column after falling off. The section is yellowish to yellowish brown, smooth or granular, and uneven. Hard and brittle, easily broken, flat or granular in cross section. Slight breathing and bitterness. It's better to be dry and big, with gray-black skin and yellow-white section.

Location: Hubei, Hunan and Jiangsu. In addition, it is also produced in Hebei, Shandong, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Fujian.

There are different records about the original plant of Dioscorea zingiberensis in herbal medicine of past dynasties, and they are confused with Dioscorea zingiberensis. At present, the commercialized Dioscorea zingiberensis mainly belongs to the above varieties. Although it is different from most materia medica, it is completely consistent with the graphic description of Dioscorea zingiberensis contained in the original materia medica of Ming Dynasty. It proves that the medicinal Dioscorea zingiberensis specimen collected by the Palace Museum in Beijing, that is, this kind, has a long history of use.

Semi-dry tuber contains about 22.5% sucrose, 0.69% reducing sugar, 2.5% starch, saponin and tannin. It also contains berberine b, CB, c) and diosgenin. The wild products contain Berberine A, Berberine B and Berberine C. The products sold in Nanjing do not contain diosgenin but contain a crystal with a melting point of 285 ~ 288℃, with a content of 0.2%. The sample from Shizong, Yunnan Province contains diosgenin 1.69%, while the samples from Chuxiong, Lijiang, Mengzi and Cheche are very few. Dioscorea bulbifera produced in India contains only a small amount of saponins, while the tuber produced in Brazil contains 5.77% saponins.

Pharmacological action ① Influence on thyroid gland

After feeding normal rats with a feed containing 2 ~ 10% Dioscorea bulbifera, the body weight and thyroid function (basal metabolism, thyroid weight and its iodine content) were not affected after 4 weeks. Dioscorea zingiberensis has no effect on goiter (body weight, basal metabolic rate, thyroid weight and iodine content, serum protein-bound iodine and other indicators) caused by antithyroid drugs such as thiouracil and sulfapyridine, but it has antagonistic effect on mild goiter caused by 0. 1% potassium thiocyanate. Dioscorea zingiberensis has a certain therapeutic effect on goiter caused by iodine deficiency food, which shows that the weight of swollen thyroid gland is reduced and the iodine bound to serum protein is increased. The iodine content of Dioscorea bulbifera purchased from Xiangxi is 4.3 mg/kg/kloc-0. If patients take 2 yuan every day, its iodine content is about 90 micrograms, which is higher than the daily requirement of human beings. Undoubtedly, it will increase thyroid iodine, rapidly synthesize thyroxine, increase the concentration of thyroxine in blood, inhibit the secretion of excessive thyrotropin in the anterior pituitary gland, and shrink the swollen thyroid gland. However, the experiment with red yam with high iodine content (in the same family as Huangshan medicine) can not alleviate the goiter caused by potassium thiocyanate.

② Other functions

The tincture and decoction of Dioscorea zingiberensis have inhibitory effect on isolated frog heart and in vivo frog heart, and also have monetary fatigue effect on isolated rabbit intestine. What happened to the halo? Is it embarrassing? Do you think it is wise to allow accounts to die? Jae Yong? Men are awkward? Sophora japonica gum @ Hey? ∠? ; Pu is sensitive to fresh fish? Two Xia Liao Liao Kang? Fat pu ┳ササ? What's the matter with you? Top planting flat? Field 8 stupid sodium? Hey? Hey? Noise? Zhu Na? Gan? :30。

Processing and sorting impurities, cutting off whiskers, washing, fully wetting, cutting into small pieces and drying in the sun.

Bitter and flat.

① "Rihuazi Herbal Medicine": "Cool."

2 "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Bitter, flat and non-toxic."

③ Southern Yunnan herbs: "Cold in nature and bitter in taste."

Return to the classic of materia medica: "It begins with Shaoyin and Zujue Yin Meridian."

Function is mainly used to cool blood, reduce fire, eliminate malnutrition and detoxify. Treat hematemesis, epistaxis, laryngitis, carbuncle, carbuncle and scrofula.

① "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Treat swelling, sores, fistulas, laryngitis, snake and dog bites and other evils, take their roots, grind them, take them and apply them."

② Outline: "Cool blood and reduce fire, eliminate danger and detoxify."

③ Jiangsu botanical medicine records: "Treating lumbago."

Administration and dosage: decocted, 1.5 ~ 3 yuan. External use: tamping or grinding and dressing.

Should avoid "Herbal Classic Shu": "It is not suitable for those who have ulcerated carbuncle, and the spleen and stomach are not swollen, thirsty, pale in color and have diarrhea at the time of onset. This is a yin disease, so it is appropriate to urgently repair internal injuries, secondly detoxify, take less drugs and the like, so that it can be applied externally."

Prescription 1 for hematemesis: one or two yellow drugs (produced in Wanzhou), mashed, decocted in two glasses of water to one cup, and taken warm. (Huangyao Decoction in Shengji Zonglu)

② Treatment of hematemesis: Pollen Typhae and Dioscorea bulbifera were equally divided. Stir with sesame oil and lick it with your tongue. ("10 1 choice")

③ The treatment of epistaxis is not limited to: smashing one or two yellow drugs into powder. Take two yuan each time, fry the donkey-hide gelatin soup and mix it. After a long time, throw a spoonful of water and noodles together. (Yellow Medicine III "Total Records of the Holy Signs")

④ Treatment of sores: four or two yellow medicines. Finally, apply cold water to the sores, dry them in the air and spin them dry. ("Simple recipes for everyone")

⑤ Treatment of water sore: Rub at the end of Dioscorea bulbifera. ("lakeside collection simplified formula")

⑥ Treat the foot-shrinking carbuncle, dry one or two pieces of yellow, and decoct. Don't use more. (Zhejiang folk herbs)

⑦ Treat larynx wind, swelling of upper jaw, phlegm in chest and diaphragm, and you can't leave soup: one or two yellow pills are fine powder. Take one yuan at a time. Spit out stubborn sputum (Bian Que Shuxin Huangyaozi Powder)

⑧ Curing the throat with heat virus: one or two yellow drugs, one or two earthworm (slightly baked) and half two horse teeth. The medicine is pounded into powder, and the money is mixed with honey water. (Sheng Huifang)

9 treatment of boils: a catty of Dioscorea bulbifera is soaked and washed, and then soaked in a barrel. Take one tablet every morning and evening. Avoid all kinds of poison, not angry. ("Doumen Fang")

⑩ Treating stomachache by lowering qi: two yuan each for yellow medicine (fried), dried tangerine peel, atractylodes rhizome and lysimachia christinae, and one yuan and five cents for radix aristolochiae. Grinding or decocting. (Zhejiang folk herbs)

⑾ Treatment of fish mouth, waist and knee pain: Huangyaozi is five to eight yuan. Decoct with water. (Hunan Pharmacology)

⑿ Treatment of orchitis: three to five yuan for Dioscorea bulbifera and four or two for lean meat. Stew in water, drink soup and eat meat, one dose a day. (Jiangxi herbs)

[13] Treatment of sprain: Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae (both rarely used) are mashed and applied externally. (Jiangxi herbs)

[14] Treating diarrhea: What is the ending of Dioscorea bulbifera? Look at me, Tan? Guizhou herbs)

⒂ Treatment of hernia, goiter and suppurative inflammation: the root of Dioscorea bulbifera is five yuan to one or two yuan. Decoct with water. (Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine)

⒃ Treatment of scrofula: two or three fresh tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera, duck eggs 1 piece. Decoct with water and serve with some wine. (Fujian Chinese herbal medicine)

⒄ Treat whooping cough. Yellow kiln costs three to five yuan. Take rock sugar as the guide and decoct in water for three to five times. (Jiangxi Handbook of Materia Medica)

Clinical application ① Treatment of goiter

It has certain curative effect on all kinds of goiter. The dosage of the preparation varies from place to place, and the observed objects are also different. First, half a catty of Dioscorea bulbifera was decocted twice with water, the filtrates were combined, and 400 ml of Chinese liquor was added (not effective) to make 2400 ml. 5 ml each time, twice a day, after meals. Or grinding Rhizoma Dioscoreae Bulbiferae, and taking it in divided or divided doses for 3 minutes every day. 10 day is a course of treatment, and the second and third courses of treatment are carried out after 3 ~ 5 days of drug withdrawal. 127 cases of I ~ IV endemic goiter were treated. After taking the medicine for more than one month, the neck circumference of all patients was reduced to varying degrees, and the cure rate was 67.8%. Second, stew with unprocessed Dioscorea bulbifera seeds, and 5 yuan every day for 5-8 weeks. Twenty-five cases of thyroid adenoma were observed. After treatment, 3 cases of adenoma disappeared completely, 17 cases of tumor shrank obviously, and 1 case recurred after drug withdrawal, but the effect was still effective after re-treatment. Some cases complained of dry mouth after taking the medicine. Sanhuangyaozi is mixed with wine (each liter of infusion contains 200 grams of crude drugs), 100 ml, taken 3-4 times a day. Generally, the total amount of adenoma is about 2 liters, and adenocarcinoma should be taken for more than 3 months. Seven cases of thyroid adenoma, two cases of thyroid cancer, two cases of hyperthyroidism and two cases of goiter with unknown causes were treated. Except for 3 cases that were ineffective, all the others subsided by more than half (the average neck circumference diameter decreased by more than 25%), among which 6 cases subsided by more than 80% or disappeared completely. Side effects: 2 cases had digestive tract reaction and severe nausea, which affected medication; Jaundice occurred in 2 cases due to liver cell damage, mostly due to excessive dose. Therefore, when the total dose reaches 3 liters, the drug should be stopped 10 day, and the liver function should be checked. If jaundice occurs, stop taking the medicine immediately and deal with it in time. It is considered that Dioscorea zingiberensis wine can partially replace the surgical resection of thyroid tumor and improve the curative effect of surgical treatment of thyroid cancer. (4) Make Dioscorea zingiberensis into fluid extract, 3-6 ml per day (every 3 ml is equivalent to crude drug 1 yuan), and take it three times after meals. Twenty-six cases of thyrotoxicosis were treated, of which 4 cases disappeared in 2 ~ 3 days after taking the medicine. 2 1 case showed significant progress in 4-6 days on average, and 1 case was ineffective. In most cases, the basal metabolic rate decreased to varying degrees, and the neck circumference decreased to varying degrees. Experience in various places has proved that the curative effect is related to age and course of disease. The younger the age, the shorter the course of disease, the better the curative effect.

② Treatment of whooping cough.

Take 3 ~ 5 yuan (for children aged 3 ~ 5) of fresh roots or fruits of Dioscorea bulbifera, and add rock sugar to 3 yuan for stewing. Taking 1 dose every day cured more than 50 cases. In addition, 3 ~ 5 yuan of Dioscorea zingiberensis (sliced) fruit, 400 ml of water and appropriate amount of rock sugar, stewed twice a day, has a good cough relieving effect. 78 cases of cough were observed and 69 cases were cured. 7 cases were improved and 2 cases were ineffective. Generally taking 1 ~ 2 days can take effect, and intractable dry cough can be taken for 4 days. For cough patients with obvious inflammation, anti-infective drugs should be added as appropriate. . ③ Treatment of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.

Take two pieces of Dioscorea bulbifera 10 and soak them in 62% Chinese liquor. 50 ~ 100 ml daily. Divide it into several parts. This paper reports the treatment of 28 cases of esophageal cancer and other digestive system tumors. After taking the medicine, 18 patients' self-conscious symptoms basically improved, and the rest improved obviously. After taking medicine and drinking, it is found that it has adverse effects on the liver. It is also reported that 23 cases of esophageal cancer and gastric cancer were treated with Huangyaozi injection, which has certain effect on controlling symptoms and improving the condition.

Famous experts discuss ① The Classic of Materia Medica: "Yellow medicine can relieve the heat of shaoyin, and the fire does not move wildly, so the throat is paralyzed." Snakes and dogs bite poison, and blood is also hot. Bitter cold can cool blood, and those who get rich with rustic flavor can also cure all kinds of poisons. "

(2) Materia Medica: "Dioscorea bulbifera is the most effective way to detoxify and cool blood. The ancients tried it in surgery and blood syndrome. " What is not reused today is because I am afraid of losing my hair after taking it for a long time, and I know that it is good to cool blood and disperse blood. "

Source: Cao Hao. com()