(1) Learn how to choose typical cases to highlight the character quality.

(2) Understand the emotional color of language.

Teaching emphasis: text reading.

Teaching difficulties: understanding the text idea and determining the theme.

Teaching hours: 3 class hours.

Preview query

First, introduce new courses, cultivate interest and strengthen motivation.

1. Open the cover of the self-made teaching software "Teacher Fujino" and introduce it with the accompaniment of Japanese guzheng "KINOMOTO SAKURA":

Mr Fujino is Lu Xun's most respected teacher; The narrative prose "Mr. Fujino" is Lu Xun's most valued work. 1935, the Japanese Iwabo Library was going to publish Selected Works of Lu Xun, and the translator Masuda went to Shanghai to solicit Lu Xun's opinions and asked him which articles to choose. Lu Xun replied: "Everything is dispensable, but I hope I can choose Mr. Fujino." His purpose is to inquire about the whereabouts of Mr. Fujino and entrust Mr. Masuda to find him. The following year, Selected Works of Lu Xun was published, and Masuda sent the sample books to Shanghai. Lu Xun asked about Mr Fujino's whereabouts, but Masuda said he didn't get it. Mr. Lu Xun sighed and said, "Mr. Fujino is probably dead!"

2. For more than half a century, people's understanding of Mr. Fujino's theme is superficial, even wrong, including various teaching AIDS and teachers' books. When we study this article today, we should correct the mistakes of more than half a century. In this way, we can also cultivate students' innovative spirit and ability.

Second, preview the text.

1. Listen to the text and mark the new words and places you don't understand.

2. Pronunciation of new words: The post teacher caught a glimpse of the grotesque and anonymous.

No news, the luster is visible, and the rotten aloe is red like a taro stalk.

Deep and painful diseases bind the roots of vegetables.

3. Complete the text as a whole: Mr. Fujino is selected from the genre.

4. According to the shift of time and place, this paper can be divided into the following three parts:

(1) Being, expressing disgust;

(2) Existence, memory and communication;

③ In the novel, I expressed my harmony with Mr. Fujino.

5. Ask yourself questions, especially "questions".

read a text

First, read the first part of the text-in Tokyo.

1. Read the name aloud and correct the pronunciation. Enjoy the pictures of Ueno Park and Mount Fuji where cherry blossoms are in full bloom.

2. What do you mean by "nothing more"? Show the author's feelings? -just to express the author's disappointment in Tokyo.

3. Understand the artistic ingenuity of the author's description of "Qingsheng"

Q: What characteristics did the author grasp when writing about the emergence of "overseas students in Qing Dynasty"? -Grasp the characteristics of "grasping big braid".

Why should we grasp this feature? -because at that time, no matter whether there was a braid or not, you could tell the attitude towards the Qing Dynasty. The teacher introduced the knowledge about braids at that time:

Before the Qing Dynasty, China emphasized that "the skin of the body can't be damaged because of the influence of parents" (projecting the above words), so his hair was never cut (except for monks and nuns). After the coronation ceremony at the age of 20, I tied my hair on my head and put on a "crown". After the Qing people entered the Central Plains, they enforced the Qing French style: the forehead hair was shaved and the braids were left. At that time, there was a saying that "when hair is gone, it is left, and when hair is gone, it is left with a head" (project the above words). Intellectuals with anti-Qing thoughts in the late Qing Dynasty, such as Lu Xun, took the lead in cutting braids. Therefore, the attitude towards the Qing dynasty at that time could only be distinguished by braids. Some braids are cut and then regretted, so they continue with fake braids. This is the case with the "fake foreign devil" in Lu Xun's novel The True Story of Ah Q, and another is that the revolution is coming. You wear a braid on your head and clamp it with chopsticks. If the revolution fails, put it down. Ah Q is like this.

To this end, Lu Xun also wrote a story about hair (attached).

What does it mean that the braid of "Qing Sheng" is on the top of your head? -braid without cutting, indicating loyalty to the Qing dynasty and a decadent royalist; Moreover, the braid on the top of the head shows that they are pursuing fashion and that they are in favor of "reform" Once the reform fails, you can put down your braids and show that you are a royalist. In short, neither fish nor fowl, neither native nor foreigner, but the first mouse has two sides.

Teacher's comment: Lu Xun grasps the characteristics of braiding and writes about China students, but he is actually drawing their souls. He expressed profound and rich contents in extremely concise language. He is really a master of generosity!

4. Understand the author's language rhetoric art.

What rhetorical devices are used in Forming a Mount Fuji? How is the expression effect? -Metaphor. It's ironic

If some students think it is exaggerated, explain it as follows: Use this metaphor to explain not only its height, but also its shape. If it's exaggeration, it's excessive exaggeration and improper exaggeration. Because exaggeration, a rhetorical method, requires both obvious exaggeration and irrelevance. Mr. Lu Xun gave an example: it is a good exaggeration to say that "Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats"; It is an exaggeration to say that "the snowflakes in Guangzhou are as big as seats".

What do you mean by "shiny"? Answer: "You can learn by polishing" means that your hair is polished with oil and combed brightly, which can be used as a mirror.

What does "sword" mean? What part of speech? Sword, originally meant as a mirror, is used as a verb here, meaning to look in the mirror.

Brief knowledge of "seeing" and "seeing" (computer projection, or writing on the blackboard as "language environment");

The writing of Jane, Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Jinwen is like a person looking at his own shadow on a plate full of water, which means "looking in the mirror" and extended to "mirror". Later, with the bronze mirror, "sword" was written as "sword" What does "Peugeot" mean? What's the rhetorical device here? What do you feel? -originally meant to be beautiful, here is irony, which is used to satirize and express the author's dislike of "Qing Sheng".

Will you delete "in groups" and "in reality"? Why? -no, because "in droves" means that there are many "Qing students" visiting parks and enjoying cherry blossoms; Reality plays an important role in Peugeot. Deletion weakens the power of irony.

What does "proficient in current affairs" mean here? Answer: It is also an irony to know a lot of boring things.

5. Understand the author's thoughts and feelings

Why did Lu Xun hate and ridicule "Qing students"? -Lu Xun went to Japan to study, with the purpose of "saving the country through science". However, these "Qing students" ignored the destruction of their country, visited parks during the day and learned to dance at night. They are loyal to the monarch and protect the emperor under the banner of "political reform", so Lu Xun hates their guts.

Provide the reference material "Portrait of Self-Title" (see page 26 of the textbook) to confirm the above viewpoint:

There is no way to escape from the gv 10, and the storm is as dark as a rock.

I sent a message to Han Xing, and I want to recommend Xuanyuan with my blood.

Translate this poem into vernacular poetry (projection);

Motherland, my mind can't escape Cupid's arrow,

Although you are stormy and dark as night.

Even if you don't understand my feelings,

I also want to give my blood to you!

6. Understanding the relationship with the theme and center

Mr. Fujino is not written in this paragraph. Is it beside the point? Answer: No digression. This paragraph has two functions: first, it explains the reason for leaving Tokyo and leads to the interaction with Mr. Fujino. The second function will be known only after learning the text.

Second, read "After a week ... I will naturally keep it in mind".

The following three reading questions can be used as classroom exercises or as homework. )

1. Summarize these two examples and write a subtitle: ──( 1) Add and modify the handout; (2) correct the anatomical map.

2. What are the two meanings of "handout" in the text? -The former refers to the lecture content, while the latter refers to the class notes.

3. Why "I" was "taken aback"? Please sum it up in your own words. -Because I saw Mr. Fujino personally change the lecture notes for the foreign student "I".

4. Why am I "uneasy and grateful"? Please answer with the sentences in the article. -"Uneasy" is because there are too many omissions and mistakes in the handout, which bothers my husband. What is "grateful" is Mr. Fujino's enthusiastic concern.

5. Can you change the word "addition" to "modification"? No, "adding modifications" is more laborious than "modifying".

6. Did Mr. Fujino occasionally change Lu Xun's speech? Please find out the basis from the article. -No.There are two proofs: (1) Mr. Fujino asked to show it to him once a week; This situation continued until Mr Fujino finished his courses: orthopedics, vascular science and neurology.

7. Fill in the blanks:

Mr. Fujino carefully changed his speech for the author, and the most comprehensive word was "from beginning to end"; Explain that those words that have been carefully revised are ── "not only ... but even ... one by one"; The word to explain the timely change is ── "Give it back to me in the next three days".

8. What ideological qualities did Mr. Fujino show when he changed his speech? -serious and responsible.

9. "Things are too kind for us to change" not only reflects Mr. Fujino's attitude towards students, but also reflects his attitude towards scientific issues.

10. Projection: the handout corrected by Mr. Fujino to Lu Xun.

Third, independent reading "One day, the student union officer at the same level came to my apartment ... but my opinion changed".

1. Explanation:

Positive values are not inferior.

Anonymous condemnation

2. "Patriotic youth" refers to young people. It is expressed in quotation marks.

3. The main content of the anonymous letter written by "patriotic youth" to Lu Xun is.

4. This is what the "movement" of "official prosperity" means here.

5. Correctly understand that "China is a weak country" ... so it is not its own ability ".

6. The word "shadow" in "shadow several current affairs films" is a word, which means.

7. The "China people" who "have China people trapped" refer to China people and China people.

8. "They clap their hands and cheer" means "they". "They also cheered like drunk" is "they".

9. "Alas, I can't get over it" is a helpless sigh. "Extremely harsh" because.

10. "My opinion has changed". In a word, the reason for "change" is.

1 1. This passage not only shows the "patriotic youth" of the Japanese, but also shows the strong spirit of Lu Xun.

Fourth, read the two natural paragraphs at the end of the article independently (which can be arranged as homework):

1. In the first paragraph, Mr. Fujino was warmly praised and highly appraised.

2. "In short" means.

3. In the last paragraph, the author has three specific actions to remember Mr. Fujino: (1); (2); (3)。

4. "Conscience" means.

Gentleman satirizes those literati. This is the rhetorical method used.

6. "Deep pain" is a phrase; Conscience is a phrase; "Increase courage" is a phrase; "Face is black and thin" is a sentence.

Fifth, read the text further and discuss Mr. Fujino's ideological quality and the theme of this article.

1. One of the characteristics of this paper is "selecting typical cases to express the ideological quality of characters". Please finish the exercise after class 1: Fill in the form and explain which four typical examples the author wrote about his interaction with Mr. Fujino, and what ideological qualities Mr. Fujino showed respectively.

2. Provide the answer to the "teacher's teaching book" and discuss: Is this the right answer?

3. Inspire questions and provide the following famous sayings (projection):

Zhu: "those who learn without doubt must first teach those who have doubts, and those who have doubts must have no doubt." Only when they get here can they make progress. "

Lu Jiuyuan: "Learning is expensive, knowing doubts, ... small doubts and small progress, big doubts and great progress."

State Education Commission: "Several Opinions on Actively Promoting Quality Education in Primary and Secondary Schools": ... to lay a good foundation for students to acquire the ability of lifelong learning, innovation and survival and development.

Our school motto: understanding and innovation.

4. Guide questions and encourage creativity. (1) Are there four typical cases? Answer: No, it should be five, and "farewell". (2) Is Mr. Fujino's quality just "serious and responsible"? Answer: No, it should be a nobler, more touching and more valuable spiritual quality. In the following article, the author said: "He is the person who makes me most grateful and encouraged", and he is "great in my eyes and heart". Just being serious and responsible can't be called "great". (3) Is Mr. Fujino so "serious and responsible" for every student? Answer: No, Lu Xun was the only one, so it also aroused the suspicion of other students. (4) Is Mr. Fujino's statement that there is no national prejudice accurate? Answer: Not accurate. As long as he doesn't discriminate against Lu Xun like a patriotic youth, he is "free from national prejudice". Not only does he not discriminate against Lu Xun, but he is more concerned, enthusiastic and preferential than Japanese students.

5. Provide reading materials ── Wang Xiaoming, contemporary Lu Xun research expert, professor and doctor of Shanghai East China Normal University, chapter 3, The sorrow of the homeless, the life that can't be faced directly (excerpt), projection:

When Lu Xun went to Japan, Japan's national strength became stronger and stronger, and its ambition to dominate East Asia was also expanding. It just wiped out China's Beiyang Navy in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and the whole country was filled with an atmosphere of contempt for China people. Some newspapers openly declared: "Westerners regard China as an animal, but they really have to feel that they are animals and inferior animals. Therefore, they (referring to China people) have lost their human qualifications physically. " Therefore, when Lu Xun went to Japan to study, he was inevitably discriminated against and despised. Walking in the streets of Tokyo, he is often abused by young people. You not only live among strangers, but also live in contempt and contempt of strangers. Please think about it. How can a self-respecting China person stand such a situation?

Many foreign students Lu Xun met were so disappointing. Instead of learning from the Japanese contempt, they constantly used their good deeds to defend their contempt. Take the overseas students living with Lu Xun as an example. Some of them stamped their feet on the floor all day and learned to dance in dusty conditions, while others jumped into the bathroom and splashed water without following the practice of bathing new and old customers in order in the inn. So annoying in such daily trifles, other aspects can be imagined. On the one hand, it is the contempt of the Japanese, on the other hand, it is the ugly behavior of these compatriots. No wonder Lu Xun went to the remote Sendai as soon as he got his diploma in Japanese.

What about Sendai? In Sendai Medical College, Lu Xun is the only one from China, so those annoying compatriots' faces can naturally be avoided. However, Japanese contempt for China people is also common in Sendai. The abusive remarks in Sendai newspapers are not milder at all than those in other places. Some people in Lu Xun's class gave him a dirty look and made no secret of it. When his academic performance was moderate, some students thought that he had been secretly helped by the teacher, so they checked his notes and even threatened him with letters. The movie was shown at recess, reflecting that Japanese soldiers were slashing China people with knives, while other China people on the sidelines looked numb. Some students also talked loudly: "As long as you look at the people in China, you can conclude that China is bound to perish ..." Of course, not all Japanese are so arrogant. When Lu Xun first arrived in Sendai, a teacher enthusiastically arranged food and accommodation. Among the professors who teach, there are even people who are full of goodwill like Fujino Genkuro, that is, among classmates. However, in spite of this, these things gave Lu Xun a very strong stimulus. ...

6. Draw a conclusion and reveal the answer: Mr. Fujino's quality is that he is warm, friendly and respectful to the people of China under the atmosphere that the whole Japanese nation despises the people of China. This is more valuable than "serious and responsible", and it is also a quality that Lu Xun appreciates and remembers for life. "Serious and responsible" and so on are superficial articles. Therefore, the table just now should be changed to (projection).

7. Provide the third reading material ── Mr. Fujino's Memories of Zhou Shuren Jun to confirm the above viewpoint:

When Zhou Jun came, it was already after the Sino-Japanese War, and several years passed. Sadly, at that time, the Japanese also called China "the third pig head". At this time of abuse, there are also such a group of classmates at the same level who always give Zhou Jun a dirty look and treat him differently.

When I was a teenager, Mr. Yeban, who was born in a school in Fan Jing, taught Chinese. Therefore, while I respect the sages of China, I always have a feeling that I should attach importance to the people of China. This is particularly cordial and rare in Zhou Jun. ...

Teacher's comment: Teacher Fujino's understanding of this article should be authoritative. From his article, we can not only prove that he attaches importance to China people, but also know the reason-he studied Chinese in his youth and was influenced by China culture.

Sixth, discuss the relationship between other contents and the theme, and further understand the theme of this article.

1. The quality of Mr. Fujino is that he is warm, friendly and respectful to the people of China in an atmosphere where the whole country despises the people of China. So, what thoughts and feelings does this article permeate Mr. Lu Xun? Answer: Strong patriotism. This is the hidden line of this article; The bright line was written by Mr Fujino.

2. Specify which cases are permeated with Mr. Lu Xun's patriotism. Answer: (1) dislike of "qingsheng"; ② I only remember the names "Mito" and "Twilight"; (3) Be indifferent to the hard life and study hard to save the country; (4) Anger at "patriotic youth"; (5) abandon medicine and follow the article.

3. Why do you only remember two place names? A: Twilight ── Thinking, "But I look home and the twilight is fading? There is a sad mist on the river waves. " "Mito" ── the place where Mr. Zhu Shunshui died. Zhu Shunshui was a thinker in the late Ming Dynasty. After his death, he conducted anti-Qing activities and gave lectures in Japan. He is a native of Yuyao, Zhejiang, close to Shaoxing. He can be described as Mr. Lu Xun's "fellow countryman" and respects him very much. Objective: To express one's patriotic feelings.

4. Summarize the reasons why the author abandoned medicine and followed the article, and explain the purpose of writing this content. Answer: Seeing a movie made Mr. Lu Xun realize that medicine can't save China. To save China, we must first change people's spirit, and to change people's spirit, we should give priority to literature and art, so we abandon medicine and follow literature. The purpose of writing this content is to show my patriotism.

5. What is the purpose of writing Patriotic Youth? A: It reflects Mr. Fujino's enthusiasm, friendship and respect for the people of China. Show your patriotism.

6. What is the purpose of writing about the concern of other faculty members for Mr. Lu Xun? Answer: It is the quality of Mr. Fujino. These people care about Lu Xun, but "scarcity is precious" is not respect.

7. When saying goodbye, Mr. Fujino seemed to want to talk, but why not? Answer: Respect Lu Xun's life choices. (Computer projection of Mr. Fujino's photo and the inscription on the back of Lu Xun)

8. To sum up the theme of this article, there are two main points: (1) It shows Mr. Fujino's warm friendship and respect for the Japanese people in the atmosphere of national contempt for China people; (2) express your strong patriotism. The two complement each other and complement each other.

Fill in the form to understand the strong emotional color of this language.

Eight, by grasping the characteristics of this article to understand the writing art of describing the appearance of characters.

1. This article is about the appearance of the characters, grasping the characteristics and drawing the soul. Therefore, extremely concise words are used to express extremely profound and rich contents, such as writing "students in the Qing Dynasty" and grasping the characteristics of "braids". Please tell me, what characteristics did Mr. Fujino catch? Answer: Black and thin, with a moustache, glasses and vague clothes, sometimes forgetting to tie a knot, wearing an old coat in winter, shivering. In short, it is a typical image of an intellectual who is rigorous in his studies and lives a simple life.

2. The teacher always thinks that the appearance of Mr. Fujino written by the author is not very good. Can you change it to the following paragraph?

He has both Gao Cangjian's physique and Tomokazu Miura's appearance. His face is white and red, his eyes are big and bright, and his hair is neat and wavy. He wore a straight suit, a beautiful tie on his white shirt and shiny shoes. As soon as I stepped onto the podium, I said in the same voice as Hong Zhong, "I am Fujino Genkuro."

Answer: No, it has lost its characteristics, like a movie star, unlike Mr. Fujino.

3. To write about Mr. Fujino's appearance, write a moustache and glasses first, and then write black and thin, ok? Answer: No, the whole should have a part first, which conforms to people's habit of observing and describing things.

Students ask their own questions, and teachers organize discussions.

Consolidate and deepen

First, summarize the main points of knowledge.

1. Write Chinese characters according to Pinyin: _ _ _ _ _ Mr. Té ngye _ _ _ _ _ Yì station can be polished by jià n _ _ _ _ _.

_ _ _ _ _ In 1999, Sun Yan hesitated _ _ _ _ You said _ _ _

2. Commentary: The post teacher was shocked at a glance, blaming Anonymous, blushing and blushing, saying that the guest died, the beauty was worthy of mourning, and there was no news, and the pain was ups and downs.

3. Fill in the blanks: Mr. Fujino is selected from "_ _ _ _ _ _" and the genre is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. In the "Sendai" section of this article, Mr. Fujino _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Second, writing (or speaking) practice.

Choose a teacher and write (say) a paragraph according to his characteristics. Don't say who he is, let everyone guess, and the right person will succeed.

Example 1:

His appearance can be summed up in three words: tall, thin and black. This is as written in his poem: when I was a child, my skin soaked in mud was shining. This set of black clothes that can't be taken off has been done in my heart. (biology teacher)

Example 2:

He always has a melancholy face, because his fate is linked with the League of Nations. His back is a little hunched, which is the result of working at his desk for too long. Someone sent him a poem: your back, like a bridge, connects the avenue leading to the treasure house of knowledge; Your back is like a bow, from which a successful arrow is shot. (Chinese teacher)

Third, compare and read the following two paragraphs.

Segment 1

Kong Yiji was the only one standing drinking and wearing a gown. He is very tall; Blue and white face, often with some scars between wrinkles; A shaggy gray beard. Although I am wearing a robe, it is dirty and torn. It seems that it hasn't been mended or washed for more than ten years.

Paragraph 2

"The cherry blossom rot season in Ueno ... is really beautiful." (omitted)

1. Paragraph 1 comes from "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _", and the genre is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _; The second paragraph is from "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _", and the genre is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Answer: Kong Yiji, novel; Mr. Fujino, prose.

2. These two paragraphs are descriptions, while paragraph 1 describes Kong Yiji's _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Paragraph 2 only describes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Answer: appearance, figure, face, beard, clothes; Braids.

3. 1 This passage shows Kong Yiji's personality characteristics; The second paragraph shows the personality characteristics of "overseas students in Qing Dynasty".

Answer: pretend to be lofty; Loyal to the monarch and protect the emperor, unlearned and unskilled.

4. What are the main similarities between these two descriptions? ──

Answer: Use appearance description to express the ideological quality of characters. Or: (Grasp the features and draw the soul)

Fourth, finish other exercises after class.

Attachment: Excerpts from Lu Xun's The Story of Hair

"Dude, do you know that hair is our China baby and friend? How many people have suffered from it in vain through the ages!

"Our very ancient ancients seem to underestimate the hair. According to the criminal law, the most important thing is the human head, so the great monarch is the punishment; ..... As for Qiu, that's very little, but think about it carefully, I don't know how many people have been trampled on by society all their lives because they are naked.

"We talk about the revolution, Yangzhou for three days, and the Jiading Massacre, which is actually just a means; To tell the truth, the resistance of China people at that time was not because of national subjugation, but because of delay.

"Stubborn people have been killed, adherents have all died, braid left early, Hongyang and make trouble. My grandmother once told me that it was difficult to be a common people at that time. Those with hair were killed by officers and men, or those with braids were killed by long hair!

"I don't know how many people in China suffer, suffer and perish because of this anodyne hair."

N eyes looking at the roof beam, seems to think of something, still say:

"Who knows it's my turn to suffer this time.

"When I was studying abroad, I cut my braid. There are no other secrets, just because he is too inconvenient. Unexpectedly, several students with pigtails on their heads hate me; The supervisor was also furious and said that he would stop my official fees and send them back to China.

"A few days later, the supervisor himself was cut off and ran away. There was a man named Zou Rong who was a revolutionary. Therefore, this person could no longer study abroad, returned to Shanghai, and later died in Xijian. You've forgotten, haven't you?

"A few years later, my family scene is not what it used to be. I have to find something to do and I'm hungry, so I have to go back to China. As soon as I arrived in Shanghai, I bought a fake braid. At that time, the market price was two yuan, and I took it home. My mother didn't say anything. When people meet, they always study braids first. When they knew it was fake, they scoffed and accused me of beheading. A family member wanted to sue the official, but later this was shelved because he was afraid that the revolutionary party would rebel or succeed. "