The original text of Grass by the Green River
Grass by the green river and willow in the dark garden.
Yingying is a woman upstairs with eyes as bright as windows.
E-E's pink makeup makes her hands delicate.
She used to be a housewife, but now she is a slut.
It's hard to stay in an empty bed without going home.
Translation of Grass by the Green River
The grass by the river is green, and the willows in the garden are flourishing.
Upstairs, a graceful woman stood at the window, her white skin comparable to the bright moon.
This woman is beautifully dressed and has slender fingers.
She used to be a prostitute, but now she is the wife of a ranger who likes to wander outside.
My wandering husband has not come back yet. It's really hard to stand loneliness alone in this empty room!
Notes on the grass by the Qingqing River
Gloomy: A lush appearance.
Yingying: Beautiful posture.
Bright: bright and white. Yǒu: the window between the room and the hall in an ancient building. The order of ancient courtyards from outside to inside is door, court, hall and room. The entrance is the court, the back is the hall, and the back is the room. The door of the room is called Hu, there is a window between the room and the hall called Xuan, and there is another window in the north of the room called Xiang. In ancient times, "window" refers to the skylight on the roof. The window opened on the wall is called "window", and later it refers to the window.
Moth: Dialect: "Beauty is called a moth between Qin Jin."
Advocating women: Shuowen: "Advocating pleasure means singing and dancing prostitutes."
Dangzi: a wanderer. Liezi said, "Those who wander in the countryside and don't return are called wild wanderers." This can be proved.
Enjoy the grass by the green river.
This poem describes a fragment of life, which is roughly described as follows: the heroine in the poem is an independent building with beautiful posture, such as weak wind; She leans against the window as a porch, making people radiant, as bright as the bright moon in the light cloud; She is dressed in colorful red clothes and dressed very carefully; Her ivory-carved slender hands, holding the window lattice, stared at the distance for a long time: she saw the green grass stretching into the distance by the Yuanjiu River. "The grass on the bank of Qingqing River is continuous with Philip Burkart Road; What you want in the distance, what you dreamed of in the past (Ancient Poetry). It turned out that her eyes followed the footsteps of passers-by with the color of grass; She saw the lush weeping willows in the garden. She once gave it to others as a gift from this tree, hoping that the willow tree would "stay" in the hearts of travelers. It turned out that the annual spring scenery once again ignited her hope of reunion and aroused her youthful feelings. Hope, in hope, once again boils down to disappointment and emotion, and in waiting, it turns into sadness and resentment. She can't help recalling the ups and downs of life. She, the advocate of this family, finally broke free from the shackles of tears and songs, found a happy husband and hoped to lead a normal life. However, why is nature so confusing? She couldn't help shouting in her heart: "Why don't you come back, cold empty bed, how can I be alone!" "
This poem is such an ordinary fragment of life that has been repeated countless times, and it only uses the ordinary composition of lyric on the spot and the ordinary language of "a scholar speaks everyday" (Xie Zhen language); However, the charm is extraordinary. It is this poem that can see the extraordinary realm in the ordinary, and it is also the exquisiteness that later generations of Nineteen Ancient Poems deliberately carved.
This poem is a lyric poem, an epic poem, and the only third-person narrative form in Nineteen Ancient Poems.
The structure of the poem seems to be straight, but in fact it is tall and graceful, and the perfect contrast between reality and reality is very natural. The center of the poetic scene is, of course, the beauty of architecture, with grass and willow smoke, which is what she sees in her eyes, but the poet-he may have seen this beauty by chance, or he may be a prodigal son-represents her imagination, and naturally from far to near, from the grass outside the garden, willow smoke is gathered into the garden and gathered into one point, the tall buildings in the garden. Youth in nature is the foil of young women's youth; The green grass and willows are beautiful against the bright red makeup. It is only because it is so beautiful that the sudden sadness at the end of the article is particularly touching. After reading the poem, I further realized that opening the vibrant grass tree has already been smeared with the dream-like sadness of a young woman. This is the taste of nineteen poems that predecessors often say. For example, the analysis of the poetic methods of later poets has formed a structure of comparison before and after, and the endings are corresponding. However, people can't help feeling that poets don't necessarily make such ingenious structures. He just imagined for her and wrote one by one with her emotional development as a clue. The natural twists and turns of feelings formed the natural twists and turns of poetry structure.
The language of the poem is not unusual, but it uses overlapping words commonly used in folk songs, and the six words are used together, but they are appropriate and vivid. Both green and melancholy describe the vitality of plants, but green focuses on color, melancholy and ideology, and they are interchangeable. Only when willows pile up smoke will you feel depressed. The grass by the river is endless, so it is hard to be depressed. If you only use green willows, you will not try your best. Both Britain and Jiao Jiao described the charm of beautiful women, while Ying Ying focused on posture, while Jiao Jiao focused on elegant manners. From Ying Ying to Jiao Jiao, you will feel like a bright moon coming out of the clouds, from hidden to fresh. If you try to exchange one after another, you will feel inappropriate. Moths and filar silk both write their own looks. Moths are general compliments, while filar silk is a description of details. They are mutually exclusive. The six overlapping words are the same, from the periphery to the center, from the whole to the part, from the obscure to the clear, which sets off the perfect image of women upstairs. Of course, there are some refinements and choices here, but they are all reflected in the poet's vision or suspense. Perhaps it is the natural development of imagination that helps the popular five-character poets to use vocabulary so aptly without any trace of carving. If they construct themselves out of thin air, the effect may not be so good. This is the so-called "scholar talks a lot".
The tone of the six-fold words is also full of natural beauty and changing beauty. Qingqing is flat, melancholy is purring, Yingying is flat and voiced, and Jiao Jiao is purring and unvoiced; E-e, Xian-Xian are flat sounds, but one is turbid and one is clear, and the contrast between flat and clear is intricate, forming a palace merchant, which is harmonious and beautiful. At that time, the melody had not been discovered, and the poet just made a sound of nature according to his intuition. It is no wonder that Zhong Rong's poem says that "the bee's waist and knees are camel, and it has already taken shape". This natural tone makes the syllables of the whole poem still have an quaint charm in the smooth ups and downs. If you distinguish it carefully, you can see the difference between it and later tones.
The combination of sound, form and two aspects of six overlapping words endows rich and varied scattered changes in the monotony of overlapping words. This monotonous change concentrates on conveying the lonely and dazzling image of the heroine and her lonely and disturbing voice.
Needless to say, this poet can't understand the aesthetic principles such as individuality and typicality, but it is because of his deep vision or suspense that he wrote the heroine's personality and typical significance. This is a woman who advocates women. Her years of singing and laughing and sensitivity to music make her particularly vulnerable to the influence of colors and sounds in the beautiful scenery of Yangchun. She is not the innocent aristocratic girl in Wang Changling's poem Forever in My Heart. She put on makeup and went upstairs. At first, she expected passers-by for fear of losing her belated happiness. She wears red makeup, not to compete with the beautiful scenery of spring, but for Iraqis, thinking that when he comes back, he can see her most beautiful face. So as soon as she appeared, she was shrouded in a sad atmosphere of weeping willows. She suffered too much, hoped too much and was so disappointed. The heavy pressure in her heart made her cry in Generation that "it's so uncomfortable to be alone in an empty bed". This is not a delicate euphemism for "regretting one's husband for printing", but just, and only a confession of advocating family. It is only because of its almost silent lonely cry that it forms a very strong contrast with its bright beauty and has shocking power. In the description of natural truth, the poet shows the personality of advocating family obedience and good nature, and through her, the reader can see the tragic fate of the middle and lower class women in the late Han Dynasty when their careers are hopeless-although this typical personalization is something that the poet would never have thought of when holding a pen.