Tisch
Situation 1:
In the game area, the children are happily playing with the newly bought building blocks in the kindergarten. They show off their works loudly to others. Hao Hao sat next to him, fingers in his mouth, eyes staring enviously at other people's plastic sculptures. I can see he wants to play, too. I went over and asked him, "Hao Hao, I'll give you the building blocks. Come and play together! " "I won't." "Yes, Hao Hao is very smart and will definitely look good." "Teacher, I am stupid and not smart. Grandma said, I won't. "
Situation 2:
The children in our class are very happy after a calculation class. They are still immersed in the lively atmosphere just now. I want to reward the children who listened carefully just now. Since learning the spirit of the new syllabus, especially listening to a young teacher's class, it has touched me a lot and I have begun to feel that it is very important to cultivate children's self-confidence. So, I said, "If you think you are listening carefully and think you can get the little red flower, please raise your hand." Almost all the children in our class raised their hands, except Hao Hao, who lay there in a daze and didn't raise his hand, and his face was very depressed. I asked, "Hao Hao, why don't you raise your hand?" He said, "My grandmother said I was a stupid child, so I didn't listen carefully and I couldn't learn anything."
Looking at his depressed appearance, recalling his usual silence and inferiority, my heart is full of bitterness, and I know that the child's heart has been hurt. I said, "Haohao, your grandmother is wrong. You are a very clever boy. The little house you folded yesterday is wonderful. " His eyes lit up at this.
Self-examination/introspection
(1) Children have their own ideas, unique understanding of things and strong imitation ability. Therefore, in our daily life, we should be careful of our words and deeds in case our bad habits are hinted to our children. (2) Praise children and stimulate their inner potential with more positive words. I believe you, you are great, I am proud of you, and you can do it …
Family education:
In view of this situation, I communicated with Hao Hao's mother. After school, * mother came to pick him up, and I had a brief exchange with * mother. After listening to my story, my mother's eyes showed shame. "His grandmother was joking," he said. "Who would have thought he was serious? We will pay attention to our words and deeds in the future. " I suggested that she take her children. While encouraging children to do things, we should pay attention to discovering the advantages of children, praise them if they have advantages, and encourage them if they make progress. As long as the child does well, we must praise the child for being great and smart, and build up his self-confidence bit by bit so that he will no longer feel inferior. Teachers and parents give special attention and guidance to some activities that he dare not try, such as painting, origami and squeezing mud. Now, under the education of teachers and parents, Hao Hao is gradually confident, and children can always be seen in the activity area and classroom.
extreme
Case record:
In the afternoon, the children walked into the classroom after eating snacks. After a while, it was getting dark and some children noticed. The star said, "teacher, it's dark, I can't see clearly." Mom and dad can't come to pick up the stars in the future. " Xin Li said, "It's going to rain soon, and they are talking to each other. Suddenly it began to thunder, and the thunder rumbled, which frightened the children. Children also learn to cover their ears like her.
Sure enough, after the thunder, it began to rain immediately, and the sound of rain became louder and louder. The sound of rain attracted the children, who couldn't help looking out of the window. Some children even ran to the windowsill to watch the rain. Xin Li said proudly, "Look at the endless rain," said the star. "I can't go home without an umbrella." Kangkang said, "It's raining hard and I hear voices." I found the children's interest very high, so I said, "Let's all look at the rain." The children who were still sitting in their seats heard the teacher's encouragement and squeezed around the windowsill with all their strength.
I pointed to the rain and asked the children, "What is the rain like? What did it become when it fell to the ground? " The children looked at the raindrops falling in the sky and the rain all over the ground. I don't know how to answer me. I said, "Look, the falling rain is like noodles and lines. When it falls to the ground, it becomes a pond. It will bubble when it falls in the pond. " After listening to my words, the children are more interested. Yiyi, Zhou Xinyi and other children are going to run outside the classroom to see it. I quickly stopped them and said, "Do you think it's going to rain?" Then I took some rainwater in my palm and put it in the hands of some children. I did this several times in a row, and the children were caught in the rain. They are all very excited and keep jumping in the classroom.
The rain gradually subsided and the children returned to their seats. I asked, "We just watched the rain. Now let's listen to the sound of rain and heavy rain." The children suddenly fell silent and listened carefully. Zhou Xinyi said, "There is no sound now, it was loud just now", so I sang "Heavy Rain and Light Rain" and "It's raining hard! "
Analysis:
In the process of educating children, it is difficult for teachers to find children's interests and needs. We often impose our own guesses and guesses on children, so that the activities organized by teachers do not meet the interests and needs of children. Although the children in kindergarten are young and have little knowledge, they are full of curiosity about the surrounding environment, and their interests are often triggered by changes in the external environment. When children show strong interests and needs, they should be given timely support and response. Therefore, when children show great interest in the phenomenon of thunder and rain, I will shift everyone's attention to this aspect in time, guide children to observe the rain and its whereabouts, let children feel the rain and listen to the rain, which greatly satisfies their interest in rain and their desire to know. Although this was not my pre-designed activity, I caught the interest of my children in time and had an interesting activity. I feel that I really understand the spirit of the two-phase curriculum reform and let teachers do it according to children's interests and needs.
Tisso
Case background
Dealing with a group of innocent and lively children every day. Their innocence brings me infinite happiness. Their playfulness always makes me endless, and their activity always makes me glance around. I felt very happy when I saw the children. Are the children as happy as I am when they come to the children? I think every child's answer is different. In the face of life, what kind of feelings you have, what kind of life you will have. Optimism is the root of happiness. The only way to remain optimistic is to seize every happiness in life. As teachers, how should we make every child enjoy every day happily?
Case description
Scene 1:
Morning activities are the beginning of a happy life for children. I give each child a ball and encourage them to play with it in various ways. The children are having fun, but when they see Chen Zichao playing alone in the classroom, no matter how "please" him, they won't come out. Children sometimes play activities with him, play with him, alone. I went up to him and asked, "why don't you play with the children?" You are optimistic and your friends are waiting for you. " "I don't want to play," he pouted. "What's the matter! Can you talk to Mr. Huang? " "I am not happy. I want to play at home alone. "
In the first few days of school, I observed Zi Chao's face without a smile. On a home visit, I learned that his parents were abroad, so I put him in foster care with an old man named "uncle". That uncle is an introverted old man and influenced by him. Zichao has also become more and more introverted. There is no room for communication.
In the following time, I deliberately talked to Zichao every day to let the children play with him more. Give your child positive psychological hints. Don't use words like "Did the child bully you" and "Did the teacher criticize you today" to avoid the child being in a weak or passive position psychologically. After a period of "running-in", Zichao slowly has a smile on his face, and sometimes he laughs happily when playing with children. Sometimes he will come up to me and say, "Miss Huang, I like you and the children." "Are you happy?" "I went to kindergarten, I am very happy, I am very happy."
case analysis
The "Outline" points out: "Respect individual differences in children's development level, ability, experience and learning style, and strive to make every child satisfied and successful." We try our best to lower the standard and ask and encourage according to the actual level of children, which often produces unexpected results. It will enable children to gain self-confidence from the successful experience that is not difficult to obtain and strive for greater progress.
Education is a highly personalized art, so there is no universal method suitable for all children. An educator once said, please remember education ... first of all, care for the ground and touch the hearts of young people carefully. I think children's self-esteem needs careful care. Maybe you think it doesn't matter if the child is young and ignorant and the teacher is too much, but this is not the case, because the teacher occupies a special position in the child's life. Children usually judge whether the teacher is satisfied with themselves from his words and deeds. Teachers' encouraging evaluation can stimulate children's self-motivation and benefit them for life, otherwise it will cast a shadow on their hearts.
1, teachers should understand the child's psychology, praise him more, encourage him more, communicate with him more, establish a good teacher-student relationship, make him transfer his attachment to the teacher, be willing to be close to the teacher, like to listen to the teacher, and come to the garden happily.
2. Teachers should create more opportunities for children to play games, teach children how to get along with other children, how to build blocks, how to play games, and learn to cooperate and share in games.
I remember zankov said: "The development of personality is impossible in loneliness and isolation, and it is only possible when children's collective content is rich and varied."
Case description
Scenario 2:
Segment 1: One day, Zhu Ziyan was doing morning exercises and happily ran to the "Building Block Corner" to prepare building blocks. Carelessly, a basket of building blocks fell to the ground. Fan Junkai said angrily and loudly, "What's the matter with you? ! What a nuisance! Pick up the building blocks quickly! " Yanzi stood there in a daze and quietly walked to the table in the corner of the activity room ... "I don't like kindergarten, I am angry and unhappy!" " "This cried loudly.
Segment 2: A Liya walked out of the activity room, just as a Liangliang ran in, and Liangliang knocked Liya to the ground and couldn't help crying. I rushed over to him and said, "Oh, Liangliang accidentally bumped into you." Then I turned to Liangliang and asked, "What should I do?" Liang Liang said, "I'm sorry, I didn't mean to." At this time, Leah wanted to cry and held back. I said to Leah, "Your face is covered with tears. Come on, Teacher Huang wipes it with a paper towel. " I helped Leah clean her face and tidy her clothes, and said, "Let the teacher have a look, yo! Really beautiful. " Leah smiled.
case analysis
From the above two episodes, we can easily see that the mood of these two children is completely different after encountering unexpected situations: one is blaming and panicking, and the other is comforting and laughing through tears. You can imagine the next scene of these two children: one is in a state of panic, but the other is able to engage in new activities with a happy mood. Different educational methods have produced two completely different effects, which shows that kindergarten teachers' educational behavior plays a key role in children's mental health.
Case reflection
Through the above cases, we can clearly see that kindergarten is the first time for children to be more formal in the collective living environment. It plays a decisive role in cultivating children's social adaptability. Maslow's five-level demand theory shows that when people's most basic physiological and safety needs are met, they will have higher-level psychological needs. What are the basic psychological needs of children? Emotional needs, independence, self-esteem, communication, acceptance, success, intellectual stimulation. The "Outline" also clearly points out: "Education in the social field has subtle characteristics. The cultivation of children's social attitudes and social emotions should permeate all aspects of activities and daily life. Create a good environment that allows children to feel accepted, cared for and supported, and avoid single and rigid oral preaching. "
First, create a good spiritual environment.
For the healthy development of children's psychology, kindergarten teachers must create a good psychological environment for children. First of all, teachers should constantly improve their personality and mental health. At the same time, teachers should standardize their educational behavior, pay attention to their words and deeds, and even deeply reflect on what they have always thought is right, so as to avoid inadvertently hurting children's immature hearts.
When children enter the collective environment from a small family, there will be many maladjustments, such as poor self-care ability such as eating, sleeping and wearing shoes. Emotional attachment, unfamiliar with teachers, peers and environment, resulting in insecurity; The disharmony in interpersonal relationship is not like getting the toys you want at home. The only child has no experience of cooperating, sharing, waiting and taking turns playing with his peers, and often has bad behaviors such as quarreling, grabbing toys and crying, resulting in unpleasant emotions. Behavior constraints still don't understand the collective rules, and they can't cooperate well with teachers and peers. Too many discipline constraints are difficult to adapt and lack self-control. Negative adaptation will produce negative emotions, and positive and pleasant experiences will produce positive psychology. Teacher-student relationship and class atmosphere will have a great influence on children's psychology, in which the teacher is the key.
Second, establish a good relationship between teachers and students.
The spiritual teacher in the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) should "communicate with children with a caring, accepting and respectful attitude, and strive to accept children's thoughts and feelings-pay attention to children's performance and reaction in activities. Be sensitive to their needs and respond in a timely and appropriate manner to form a cooperative and exploratory teacher-student activity. " The outline puts forward the requirements for teachers to respect, understand, experience and perceive children's behavior.
Teachers should first have healthy psychological quality, noble sentiment, understanding and respecting children, tolerant and friendly attitude, appropriate emotional expression, positive and reasonable language actions, etc. Let children fully trust teachers, take the initiative to contact teachers, be willing to listen to teachers' requirements and cultivate self-control ability with a positive attitude. At the same time, it is necessary to form a democratic, enthusiastic and welcoming class atmosphere, create a good environment for communication with peers and teachers, and meet children's internal psychological needs. Practice has proved that standardizing kindergarten teachers' educational behavior and creating a good psychological environment for children are not only conducive to stimulating children's enthusiasm and creativity in participating in activities, but also conducive to the formation of children's good character. On the contrary, it may leave a shadow in the child's heart and let the child develop in an incorrect direction.
Third, teachers meet children's psychological needs.
Discover everyone's strengths in the process of activities and get companions. Teachers praise and respect, and at the same time feel their position in the collective. When children's psychological needs are met, they will have positive emotions and stimulate children to learn actively. Teachers should pay attention to meet children's emotional needs, especially for introverted, timid children with poor activity and communication skills.
Do you expect children to be happy? Give him a space and let him move forward by himself; Give him a time of his own arrangement; Give him a condition to exercise by himself; Give him a question and let him find the answer by himself; Give him a difficulty and let him solve it himself; Give him a chance and let him seize it himself; Give him a conflict and let him discuss it himself; Give him an opponent and let him compete by himself; Give him a right to choose; Give him a goal and let him work hard by himself. When you take your hand away and give back what your child can do, you will find that independent children are happy!
The success of this case-integrating and infiltrating the education of love into daily life, guiding and encouraging children to discover "love around them" with an observation eye, and experiencing "the joy of loving and being loved" with a delicate heart, I remember a saying-"Education is the most subtle mutual contact between people's hearts" and "it is the process of communication and communication between lives". Flowers are brilliant, leaves are glorious, and roots are rooted. Being a class teacher makes me very happy.
Being a class teacher is very tiring, but I am very happy to be exposed to so many fresh hearts every day, very excited to communicate with so many rich ideas in different degrees every day, and very excited to improve myself every day.