1. Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is the basic factor.

The degeneration of nucleus pulposus is mainly manifested by the decrease of water content, which can cause small-scale lesions such as instability and loosening of vertebral segments due to water loss. The degeneration of annulus fibrosus is mainly characterized by decreased toughness.

2. Damage

Long-term repeated external forces cause minor injuries and aggravate the degree of degeneration.

3. The weakness of the anatomical factors of the intervertebral disc itself.

In adulthood, the intervertebral disc gradually lacks blood circulation and its repair ability is poor. On the basis of the above factors, some inducing factors that can lead to the sudden increase of intervertebral disc pressure may make the nucleus pulposus with poor elasticity pass through the fibrous ring that has become less tough, thus leading to nucleus pulposus protrusion.

4. Genetic factors

There are reports of familial lumbar disc herniation.

5. Lumbosacral congenital anomaly

Including lumbosacral, lumbosacral, hemivertebra deformity, facet joint deformity and facet joint asymmetry. The above factors can change the stress on the lower lumbar spine, and increase the internal pressure of the intervertebral disc, which is prone to degeneration and injury.

Most patients with lumbar disc herniation can be relieved or cured by non-surgical treatment. Its treatment principle is not to restore the degenerated and prominent intervertebral disc tissue to its original position, but to change the relative position between the intervertebral disc tissue and the compressed nerve root or to partially recapture it, so as to relieve the pressure of the nerve root, loosen the adhesion of the nerve root, eliminate the inflammation of the nerve root and relieve the symptoms. Non-surgical treatment is mainly suitable for: ① young, first attack or short course of disease; ② Symptoms are mild, and can be relieved by themselves after rest; ③ No obvious spinal stenosis was found by imaging examination.

(1) Absolute bed rest. During the first attack, you should stay in bed strictly, emphasizing that you can't get out of bed or sit up when urinating, which is better. Stay in bed for three weeks, you can get up under the protection of your waistline, and you don't have to bend over to get things for three months. This method is simple and effective, but it is difficult to adhere to. After remission, we should strengthen the exercise of back muscles to reduce the chance of recurrence.

(2) Pelvic traction can increase the width of intervertebral space, reduce the internal pressure of intervertebral disc and reduce the stimulation and oppression of nerve roots, which requires the guidance of professional doctors.

(3) Physical therapy, massage and massage can relieve muscle spasm and reduce the pressure in the intervertebral disc, but pay attention to the fact that strenuous massage can aggravate the condition and should be cautious.