This book introduces Montessori's educational ideas well, and reveals new concepts and methods of understanding and loving children. Montessori believes that every child has the need to observe, react to the outside world, learn, concentrate and even leave himself alone. In this book, she describes the characteristics of children and how to fully stimulate and make use of their innate enthusiasm for learning. As she said, "even for those very young children, our goal should not be to prepare them for school, but to prepare them for their lives."

This book has many vivid details and examples, mainly explaining concepts, not involving specific things such as teaching AIDS.

For parents, this book is another introduction to Montessori's educational philosophy.

Directory:

1, what is a child?

2, the birth of a newborn

3. Psychological embryo

4. Absorb the essence of thinking

5. How is the mind constructed?

6, the child's behavior ability

7, three-year-old children

8. Let the children return to nature

9. Children's civil rights

10, how to accept babies into this world?

1 1, the mentor of love

12, let children become their own mentors.

13, new age teacher

14, adults and children

15, providing a beautiful and suitable environment for children.

16, cultivate children's stable attention

17, will you educate your children?

18, persistent will training

Intelligence and children's freedom.

20. Characteristics of intellectual development

2 1. Selection is an advanced intellectual activity.

22, the secret of genius

23. Imagination can work miracles.

24, the cultivation of children's imagination

25. Don't wrap the child.

26. Children's education in the family.

27. Human nature tendency and Montessori education

Excerpt:

Let's continue with the example of body nutrition. In this respect, it is necessary to consider that the baby can still produce gastric juice after teething, so it is required to equip him with a more complicated diet. We adults will use all modern cooking techniques and other possible means to get the best nutrition until he grows up. In fact, in order to ensure the child's health, he can only eat the food that the body needs most directly. If the food he eats is too miscellaneous, or unusual, inappropriate, or even toxic, the result will inevitably lead to malnutrition and even self-poisoning, which will lead to "disease." Come back, let's talk about attention again. For older children, priority should be given to the basic facts corresponding to nature as the basis of life and the stimulation as the basis of life. No matter how they change, these should always be the foundation of education.

This view of mine was opposed by "experts", and I was psychologically prepared for it. Experts believe that children must form the habit of paying attention to everything, even things they don't like, which is required of them in real life, so they must work hard for it.

This statement is based on prejudice, and the strict father at home said, "Children should get used to everything they eat." Something like that Here, moral education is put aside. This is really sad. Fortunately, this kind of mandatory education is out of date now. If it is still popular, fathers will punish their children for fasting all day because they refuse to eat a snack that they don't like for lunch. In other words, the child is not allowed to eat anything except the snacks he refuses, even if it gets cold and even makes him sick. Finally, because hunger weakened the child's will and extinguished his fantasy, he had to swallow the cold food at once. The father even confidently said that he could arrange the children's lives under any circumstances, and my son would eat anything offered to him. He is neither greedy nor willful. At that time, in order to let the children overcome the problem of gluttony, their method was extremely rude: "send them to bed before they eat dinner."

Until now, those who insist that children should pay attention to things they are not interested in have taken a similar approach. However, even if the child does not have the habit of partial eclipse, those "cold and disgusting foods" will not become fragrant. This kind of food that is not easy for him to digest will only poison the bodies of those who do not want to eat and make them weaker and weaker.

It is impossible for a child who is so required to have a strong spirit to cope with the difficulties in life and all kinds of possible things. Children who go to bed immediately after swallowing cold soup or indigestible food are usually stunted. Once they encounter infectious diseases, they will get sick easily because of poor resistance. On the other hand, morally speaking, it is not conducive to his growth. Because he had many unsatisfied desires when he was a child, he regarded the satisfaction of these desires as the greatest freedom and happiness in his heart, and when he grew up, he would eat and drink unrestrained. Different from this kind of people, boys now provide them with reasonable feeding, so that they have a healthy body and become temperate people. When he eats, he is pursuing a healthy life. He opposes alcoholism and will not eat without restraint, because he knows it is harmful to his health. A modern man can resist the invasion of infectious diseases in many ways, and he will try his best to prepare for various defenses without any compulsion; Dare to try and engage in all kinds of hard and arduous sports; Will try to accomplish some great things; Be able to face the cold moral conflict bravely and purify your spirit. Only in this way can people become strong-willed, indomitable and able to make decisions in time.

The more normal a person's inner life develops, the more he can become a person with personality and cultivate a strong will and a sound mind. If a person wants to struggle on the road of life, he doesn't have to prepare from the day he was born, but he must be a strong person. His strength is accumulated day by day, and no hero is a hero before making heroic achievements. The hardships of our future life are unpredictable, and no one will prepare us for it. A person can only cope with anything if he is full of vigor.

When living things are in the process of evolution, what biologists can do is to ensure their normal development. Similarly, the fetus must be nourished with blood, and the newborn needs milk to feed. When the fetus lives in the womb, once protein and oxygen in the blood are insufficient, or toxic substances enter the body, this life cannot develop normally, and it is impossible to make a person with congenital deficiency strong through postpartum care. If a baby lacks enough milk, he will be malnourished at the initial stage of his life, which is equivalent to announcing that he will always be at a disadvantage. Lying down to eat milk and getting enough sleep means "preparing for walking". It is in the process of breastfeeding that babies begin to grow teeth. Birds that just can fly in the nest don't immediately train the way to fly, but stay motionless in the warm nest with food, that is to say, they are indirectly preparing for life.

The flying skills of birds, the ferocity of beasts, the singing of nightingales, the mottled beauty of butterfly wings, etc., will never be seen unless they are prepared in secret nests, caves or lonely cocoons. Everything in nature just needs a quiet environment during its formation, and nothing else can replace it.

Children's spiritual development also needs to find a warm nest. Only there can we ensure his nutrition and prepare for his future development. Therefore, it is very necessary to provide children with objects that conform to their spiritual tendency, with the aim of developing human potential as fully as possible at the least cost. This is the purpose of education.

Introduction to Montessori

Maria montessori is a world-famous preschool educator in the 20th century. The unique early childhood education method she founded swept the whole western world and profoundly affected the education level and social development of all countries in the world, especially developed countries in Europe and America. The characteristic of Montessori's education law is that she attaches great importance to early childhood education. She has been engaged in educational experiments and research for more than half a century. Her educational methods-from intellectual training, sensory training to sports training, from respecting freedom to building will, from civilian education to aristocratic education-have provided generations of excellent talent bases for the sustainable development of western industrialized society. The history of western education calls her "the greatest educator of scientific progress who won the recognition of Europe and the world in the 20th century. In recognition of Montessori's special contribution to early childhood education and world peace. 1950, she was nominated as a candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize. Torres bogart, Director-General of UNESCO, once declared enthusiastically: "maria montessori has become a great symbol of our desire for education and world peace. "

Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, ancona. She is the first woman to study medicine and the first woman doctor of medicine in Italian history. 1907 Montessori established the "Children's Home" in the slums of Rome. Recruiting 3-6-year-old children for education, she used her own original method to teach, and the results showed amazing results: a few years later, those "ordinary and poor" children had great changes in their minds and were cultivated into smart, confident, educated and energetic young talents; Montessori's brand-new teaching method with great educational charm has caused a sensation throughout Europe. Reports about these excellent children spread like wildfire. Many new "Children's Home" were established according to the Montessori model. 1909, Montessori wrote the book "Scientific Education Methods Applied to Children's Home", which was published in the United States in 19 12, and was quickly translated into more than 20 languages and spread all over the world. More than 100 countries have introduced the Montessori method, and the Montessori movement has also appeared in Europe and the United States. From1913-1915, Montessori schools are all over the world. By the 1940s, there were more than 2,000 in the United States alone. Montessori has caused a revolution in preschool education around the world.

Montessori education method is an educational method to comprehensively improve children's quality and develop their potential. She skillfully uses her children's own growth requirements to achieve the purpose of education without damaging their freedom and happiness. Montessori believes that children have inherent "inner vitality", which is positive, constantly developing and has infinite power; The task of education is to stimulate and promote the development of children's "inner potential"; Children are not containers that adults dump, nor are they clay and wax that can be shaped at will. Teachers and parents must carefully study and observe children, understand their inner world, and help children achieve physical and mental development in free and spontaneous activities. Accordingly, Montessori created and designed a set of effective training methods for preschool children to guide them to grow up quickly.

Montessori called children's learning activities "work". She believes that work can coordinate children's muscle and body movements, use their hands and brains, and promote the coordinated development of body and mind; Through children's free choice of homework, independent operation and dedication, they will hone their will, enhance their self-control, courage and self-confidence, cultivate their independent spirit and accept strict discipline training; At the same time, it also meets my psychological needs. Montessori teaching method solves the problem of children's discipline well. Through the children's continuous completion of the grading work at hand, the children have perfected themselves and honed themselves. With the growth of ability, children's freedom to satisfy their wishes also increases, and their sense of discipline and freedom also grows together.

Montessori attaches great importance to children's early intellectual development, but opposes teacher-centered cramming education. Montessori school advocates self-education, and children are the main body and center of educational activities. It is advocated to start with daily life training, with a good learning environment and rich teaching AIDS, so that children can learn spontaneously, think independently, discover themselves, educate themselves and grow up. Teachers and parents are only observers and instructors of children's activities. This kind of education mode, in which teachers don't teach and children explore for themselves, is much better than indoctrination education. Before the age of 6, the children in Montessori class not only mastered the basic ability of reading and calculation, but also mastered a lot of natural knowledge, and more importantly, they became interested in learning.

Another important discovery of Montessori is the "sensitive period" of children's intellectual development, which is of great significance to early childhood education. Montessori found that children will show strong sensitivity to language movements, details, procedures, writing and reading. At different stages before the age of 6. During this period, the related study is very easy and quick, which is an excellent educational opportunity, but after this time, this strong interest will disappear. Grasping the opportunity and carrying out education can lay the foundation for children's lifelong development.

Montessori wrote a lot in his life. Its contents can be roughly divided into four categories: (1) Children's education from birth to 3 years old: the secret of childhood, children's discovery and absorption psychology; (2) Education for children aged 3-7: Montessori method, Montessori manual, children in the family; (3) About 7- 13 children and adolescent education: There are two volumes of Advanced Montessori Method, including Spontaneous Activities in Education and Montessori Primary Teaching Aids and Education in Adolescence and Beyond; (4) Other aspects: educational anthropology, new world education, educational reconstruction, human potential development, peace education, etc. Left a rich spiritual legacy to future generations.

Montessori education law is a complete educational system with strong practicability and operability. It can not only complete children's early intellectual development, but also comprehensively improve children's physical and mental quality; Nowadays, Montessori kindergartens have mushroomed in many cities in China. Montessori education law is also being valued by preschool teachers in China; We have reason to believe that the "Montessori method", as a classic method of western preschool education in the 20th century, will definitely have a positive and far-reaching impact on our all-round pursuit of the world trend, training and bringing up preschool talents in China, and making our children grow up healthier, more scientific and more humane.