The following are the differences
Chinese name: camphor; 2- ketone
English name: camphor, 2- bornone
CAS number: 76-22-2
RTECS:EX 1225000
Molecular formula: c10-h16-o.
physicochemical property
Colorless or white crystals, pungent smell, slowly volatile at room temperature. The molecular weight is 152.26. The relative density is 0.992(25/4℃). The steam density is 5.2 4℃. The melting point is 179.75℃. Boiling point is 204℃ (sublimation). Flash point (closed cup) 65.6℃. The autoignition point is 466℃. The explosion limit in air is 0.6 ~ 3.5%. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform, carbon disulfide.
danger
Flammable and explosive. Irritant and toxic gases will be produced when it catches fire.
Storage and transport instructions
Packing mark: flammable solid. Packing method: (3). Sacks or woven bags are lined with plastic bags. Storage and transportation conditions: stored in a cool and ventilated warehouse. Store and transport separately from oxidant and acid. When handling, prevent the container from being damaged.
Contact opportunity
Production technology of cardiotonic agent, stimulant, cooling agent, antipruritic agent and moth-proofing agent in pharmaceutical industry. Used as plasticizer in plastic industry.
Children sometimes eat sanitary balls by mistake, and the key problem is the identification of the components of sanitary balls. Fitness balls often contain naphthalene, camphor and p-dichlorobenzene. Naphthalene and camphor are identified by brine, camphor floats, naphthalene or p-dichlorobenzene sinks. Naphthalene and p-dichlorobenzene were identified by turpentine or hot water above 60℃. P-dichlorobenzene was completely dissolved or quickly dissolved in hot water within 60 minutes, and the undissolved (residual amount >: 25%) was naphthalene.
Invasive pathway
Can be quickly absorbed by digestive tract and respiratory tract.
Introduction to toxicology
Mice were given oral LD50:1310 mg/kg; Inhale LCLo: 400 mg/m3/hour.
Large doses can stimulate the central nervous system, mucous membrane, skin and skin sensitization. Rabbits were given 300mg suspension by gavage, and there were 5- exohydroxy camphor, 5- endohydroxy camphor and 3- hydroxy camphor in urine for 24 hours.
The oral MLD for infants was 70mg/kg, and the oral TDLo for children was 565,438 0 mg/kg. The threshold concentration of human sense of smell is 100 mg/m3. According to foreign reports, it is estimated that if people eat more than 2mg/kg, 23 people (90%) have no symptoms, 3 people (4%) have mild symptoms, and 5 people (6%) eat more than 59mg/kg with severe symptoms and no death. It has also been reported that oral 2g can play a toxic role in adults.
express
After oral administration, the breath and vomit in the mouth may smell of camphor. Acute poisoning often appears symptoms within 5 ~ 90 minutes after oral administration, including salivation, polydipsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hot flashes, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, hearing impairment, blurred vision, excitement, delirium and epileptic seizures, and then turns to inhibition. In severe cases, convulsions and central nervous system depression may occur in the early stage. Some patients have urethral tingling, oliguria or anuria. Will die of respiratory failure or status epilepticus.
It is reported abroad that someone used camphor nasal drops to cause epileptic convulsions and vomiting, and then recovered.
According to foreign reports, when the packaging of synthetic camphor was exposed for 8 hours/day, 5 days/week, and the air concentration was close to 2ppm, there was no eye and nose irritation and olfactory loss.
deal with
Oral users will induce vomiting. Gastric lavage with warm boiled water or 0.5% medicinal charcoal suspension. Laxatives are given protein water or rice soup. Drink more water. Appropriate intravenous infusion. Give oxygen. Symptomatic treatment, especially the need to control convulsions in time, avoid taking oil, wine, milk, so as not to increase the absorption of camphor. Do not use morphine.
Safe handling
Fire: Dry powder, sand, water spray or foam are used for small fires. Large fire water spray, water mist or standard foam. Firefighters wear gas masks and protective clothing. If you cannot put out the fire, you should leave the fire area and let it burn out.
Leakage: cut off the ignition source, no smoking. Don't touch the leak. A small amount of dry leakage can be collected into the container with a clean shovel. A large amount of water leakage can be irrigated and then dammed.
Hygienic standard-Hygienic standard for air in workplace: synthetic camphor
American Acgih TLV-stel 19 mg/m3 (three parts per million).
American ACGIH TLV-TWA12mg/m3 (two parts per million)
American MSHA standard air: TWA2ppm (12mg/m3)
OSHA PEL (all industries): 8TWA2 mg/m3.
American NIOSH-IDLH 200/m3
Australia: TWA is two parts per million (12mg/m3) and STEL is three parts per million (18mg/m3);
Austria: TWA2ppm (13mg/m3) Jan1993;
Belgium: TWA 2ppm (12mg/m3), STEL 3ppm (19mg/m3) Jan1993;
Denmark: TWA2ppm (12mg/m3) Jan1993;
Finland: TWA 0.3 ppm (2 mg/m3) and STEL 0.9 ppm (6 mg/m3);
France: twa2ppm (12mg/m3) Jan1993;
Germany: twa2ppm (13mg/m3) Jan1993;
Netherlands: twa2ppm (12mg/m3) Jan1993;
Philippines: TWA2ppm (12mg/m3) Jan1993;
Russia: stel3mg/m3 Jan1993; Switzerland: twa2ppm (13mg/m3);
UK: TWA 2ppm (12mg/m3), STEL 3ppm (18mg/m3) Jan1993;
Bulgaria, Colombia, Jordan and South Korea refer to ACGIH TLV； of the United States;
Singapore and Vietnam refer to ACGIH TLV in the United States.
Hazard code: GB4. 1 level 4 1536. Original iron gauge: Class II flammable solid 172024. UN No.2717. IMO Code4017,4.1class.
Accident case
It is reported abroad that a 2-year-old boy drank about 0. 15 ml of camphor phenol (10.8% camphor). Tonic clonus appeared after about 10 minutes, lasting for 4 ~ 5 minutes. Blood pressure13.3/9.6 kpa (100/72 mmhg), P 124 beats/min, R24 beats/min, T37℃, lethargy, right. Intravenous infusion of phenobarbital 17mg/kg. Activated carbon 15g was injected after gastric lavage. The arterial blood gas analysis when breathing air showed pH 7.36, PO2 1 10, and PCO2 36. Blood routine, electrolyte, liver function, blood ammonia and X-ray chest film are all normal. Continue intravenous injection of phenobarbital 30 mg, q 12 h, and recover after 24 hours.
Drug name: camphor
Spelling: Zhang nao
English name: camphor
Source: The roots, stems, branches and leaves of dicotyledonous plant Cinnamomum camphora are refined into granular crystals.
Efficacy: dredging orifices, killing insects, relieving pain and removing filth.
Indications: Treating chest pain, beriberi, scabies, toothache and traumatic injury.
Nature and taste return to meridian: pungent and hot. (1) "Taste will be refined": "Bitter and bitter, warm and slightly toxic." 2 outline: "pungent, hot and non-toxic."
① Continuation of Materia Medica: "Into the heart and spleen." ② Summary of Materia Medica: "Entering Foot Jueyin Meridian."
Administration and dosage: oral: powder, 2 ~ 5%; Or melt it with wine. External use: grinding, spraying or application.
Avoid medication: people with qi deficiency should avoid taking it. "Seeking the Grassland": "Avoid seeing fire."
Other names: Shao nao (Shen Xiao Fang), Chao nao (Pinhuiyao), nao (Ben Feng Jingyuan), You nao, Shu nao (Compilation of Medicinal Materials)
Prescription Name: Camphor, Chaonao, Naobing, Zhang Dan, Shaonao, etc.
Product name: Taibing: produced in Taiwan Province Province. Maximum output and good quality.
Camphor: the general term for camphor produced in various places. It is best to be white, pure, transparent, granular, free of impurities and strong in smell.
Distribution of animal and plant resources: mainly produced in Taiwan Province Province, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi and Sichuan. In addition, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Anhui, Yunnan, Hunan and other places are also produced.
Latin scientific name: Cinnamomum camphora
Processing method: Generally, the old trees are cut down in September ~ 65438+February, and their roots, stems and branches are sawn into pieces (leaves are also acceptable), then distilled in a distiller, and camphor and volatile oil contained in camphor wood are distilled by steam, and crude camphor is obtained after cooling. The crude camphor is sublimated and refined to obtain refined camphor powder. Camphor powder is pressed into a mold to form a transparent camphor block. It should be sealed in a porcelain bottle and kept in a dry place. This product has the highest yield among old trees that have grown for more than 50 years; Young branches and leaves, less brain marrow and low yield.
Examination: from "the essence of product exchange"; "Outline": "Camphor, out of Shaozhou and Zhangzhou, looks like borneol, white as snow and camphor resin. Hu Yan's "winning streak" says that the method of frying camphor trees is to slice the new camphor trees, soak them in water for three days and three nights, fry them in a pot, and stir the willow trees frequently. When the juice is halved and there is frost on the willow trees, filter me out, pour the juice into a clay pot, and then naturally block it. Although there are camphor trees in other places, I don't understand why. Another way to extract camphor is to pulverize the old wall soil with a copper pot, but camphor is heavy and the wall soil is heavy, so it weighs four or five times. Put mint on it, cover the pot, seal it with yellow mud, and simmer slowly on the fire. Be sure to be measured, not too much, and don't let it cool before eating. If you go up two or three times like this, you can replenish your brain. Where used, each bowl or two bowls are held in two bowls together. Wet paper makes a living, civil and military fire. Take it out in half an hour and use it cold. Another method is: for each dual-purpose product, coptis chinensis and mint 6 yuan, angelica dahurica and asarum 4 yuan, Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Buddleja 2 yuan, angelica sinensis and Sophora japonica 1 yuan. Put Chinese fir slices under a new tile bowl, put medicine on it, put half a glass of water in it, sprinkle brains on it, then divide them into bowls, make them live and simmer on the fire. When the water is dry, its brain will rise from above, stretch and sweep down. People are also confused and inseparable. "
Identification of the original medicinal materials: the pure product is snow-white crystalline powder or colorless and transparent block. Rough products are slightly yellow and shiny. Volatile at room temperature, it can emit a smoky bright flame when ignited. The smell is fragrant and pungent, and the taste is spicy first and then cool. White, pure, transparent, dry and free of impurities is preferred. Taiwan Province Province has the largest output and good quality, and is called "Taiwan Province Ice".
Chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine: Camphor is a dextro-ketone.
Chemical identification of traditional Chinese medicine: take this product and add ethanol to make a solution containing 25mg per 65438±0ml. The maximum absorption is at λ289nm by spectrophotometry, and its absorbance is about 0.53.