Yuanmingyuan is located in the northwest suburb of Beijing, adjacent to the Summer Palace. It consists of Yuanmingyuan Garden, Changchun Garden and Wanchun Garden, also known as Yuanming Three Gardens. Yuanmingyuan is one of the famous royal gardens in Qing Dynasty, covering an area of more than 5,200 mu, with as many scenery as One Happy and Fifty. The building area is 1.6 million square meters, which is known as "the garden of ten thousand gardens". The royal family of the Qing Dynasty came here every summer, so Yuanmingyuan is also called the Summer Palace.
Ode to Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan is 40 landscape paintings drawn by court painters Shen Yuan and Tang Dai in the 9th year of Qianlong (1744) according to the will of Emperor Qianlong. Each picture is accompanied by forty poems written by Wang Youdun, Minister of Industry and Information Technology. The font is the palace pavilion used by the minister to write the memorial. 1860, Britain and France invaded Beijing and plundered it. It is now in the National Library of France.
Catalogue of Forty Scenes in Yuanmingyuan
Open and aboveboard, diligent and virtuous, Jiuzhou Qingyan, carving the moon and opening clouds, natural picture scroll, Bitong Academy, Ciyunpu Lake, upper and lower skylight, Xinghua Guan Chun, frank and open.
Such as Guhanjin, Changchun Xiantang, Wanfang Anhe, Wuling Spring, Gaoshan Gaoshui, Yuedi Yunju, Hongci You Yong, Fang Hui Academy, Ritian Lin Yu, Lianbo Quiet,
Shui Ying Lan Xiang, Shui Mu Minse, Lianxi Lechu, many beautiful clouds, Yuyue Leap, Beiyuan Villa, Xifeng Xiuse, Siyi Bookstore, Fanghu Scenic Area, Bath Bath,
Autumn moon in Pinghu, Yaotai in Pengdao, Xiushan House, the cave, playing the piano in the mirror, the empty long mirror, the grand duke sitting on the stone beside the stream, the wind carrying the Quyuan, deep in the cave.
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1. aboveboard: the main hall of Yuanmingyuan. Located at the palace gate of Yuanmingyuan.
This scene is the first of 40 scenes in Yuanmingyuan, which is actually the former dynasty of the Qing emperor in Yuanmingyuan.
There are five halls in front of the market, namely the tea room, the imperial study room, the tea room and the Ministry of War. Zheng Da Guangming Hall is seven rooms wide and five rooms deep, with corridors, grey tiles and rolling sheds on the top of the mountain. There is Yong Zhengdi's calligraphy couplet in the temple, which is "the heart of heaven, the heart of heaven"; The joy of the people is harmonious and pleasing to the heart, and the book of the emperor is dry. "Looking for a peaceful view, there is no future; We must educate things at the right time and have a place to live. " On the east wall, the imperial book Zhou Shu Wuyi was hung, and on the west wall, the imperial wind map was hung (when the British and French allied forces burned the garden, it seemed that the map of the whole Yuanmingyuan was hung). There is Shoushan Mountain behind the temple, and there are bamboo shoots on the mountain, which have been moved to Renshou Hall in the Summer Palace since then.
In and out of the entrance to Germany, also known as the second palace gate of Yuanmingyuan, the south gate is opposite to the five halls, and there is a four-character plaque on the Yongzheng imperial book. There are seven halls in the door, and there is a four-character plaque on the eaves of Yongzheng Imperial Book.
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2. Diligence and virtue: fair and bright in the west.
This scenic spot is an important part of the former dynasty. It is the place where the Qing emperor listened to politics and handled daily affairs in the park, and its function is similar to the hall of mental cultivation in the Forbidden City.
Qin Zheng Hall consists of five halls facing south, the first three buildings and the last three buildings. On the eaves, there is a plaque of Yong Zhengdi's imperial book "Qin Zheng Hall". Five emperors, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Xianfeng, summoned ministers in the garden and listened to politics in this temple; It is also the place where emperors usually approve provincial chapters, summon ministers, introduce officials and meet foreign princes. There is a Ming dynasty throne in the temple, and the book "Don't Escape" by Emperor Long is engraved on the back screen. It's hard for you to hang a royal book at the back of the tomb, it's hard for you to start a business, but it's hard to keep it, and it's hard for you to limp at the west wall. The square brush cluster on the east side of Qin Zheng Hall was the place where the Qing emperors often worked and dined in summer. Behind Xiangyuan is the Baohe Hall, which is nine rooms wide and three rooms in front of Baoxia. There is something in the hall to warm the pavilion. Further north is Fuchun Building, which contains precious calligraphy and painting, western sculpture and stationery. To the east are Feiyunxuan and Jingjian Pavilion, and to the north are Huaiqingfen, Xiumu Jiayin and Shengqiu Pavilion. To the east of Jingjian Pavilion are Baohe Taihe, Fuchun Building and Bamboo Forest.
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3. Jiuzhou Qingyan: Located in the west of Yuanmingyuan, on the central axis of Jiuzhou Scenic Area, between Qianhu Lake and Houhu Lake.
This scenic spot is the emperor's bedroom. To the south is Qianhu Lake, separated from "Fair and Bright". To the north is Houhu. There are nine artificial islands around Houhu Lake, and Jiuzhou Qingyan is one of them, covering an area of about 700,000 square meters.
There were five rows of Yuanmingyuan temples in Qingyan, Jiuzhou, followed by seven rows of Paifeng and three selfless temples and seven rows of Jiuzhou Qingyan Temple. There are springs of heaven and earth in the east, Le 'an River in the west, Qinghuige, Luxiangzhai, Wuxianzhai, Rujiutang, Songyunlou and Hande Bookstore in the west. After the west road was burned down in Daoguang period, the Shende Hall was rebuilt. There are two white marble bridges in the south of the island, Jin Ao Bridge on the left and Jade Bridge on the right.
Jiuzhou Qingyan is one of the earliest buildings in Yuanmingyuan, and its name implies that Jiuzhou has a vast land, the world is peaceful and the mountains and rivers are always solid.
In the early years of Yongzheng, Yuanmingyuan was expanded on a large scale, and this part of the scenic spot became an important bedroom area for the emperor. This is also the venue for the first banquet of "Three Banquets in Shangyuan". And local government offices, as well as places to offer tributes, articles and picture books to the emperor.
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4. Louyue Kaiyun: Located on the southeast bank of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, east of Jiuzhou Qingyan. It was built in Qianlong nine years (1744).
The emperors of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong enjoyed the peony here (see the note "I still remember two sentences" in this poem). In the imperial era, it was regarded as a symbol of "peace and prosperity".
Louyue Kaiyun, formerly known as Peony Pavilion, is one of the earliest buildings in Yuanmingyuan. Building wood is mainly collected from wood, and the roof of the hall is covered with two-color glazed tiles; After Qianlong acceded to the throne, it was renamed "Carving the Moon and Opening Clouds". Thirty-one years after Qianlong, he inscribed "Ji 'en Hall". Hundreds of peonies of various colors have been planted in the hospital. Next to Yu Lanfen.
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5. Natural picture: Located on the east bank of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, north of Louyue Kaiyun.
The main building is a building with Langyin Building, Zhufeng Building, Five Blessingg Hall and quiet bamboo in the north, beautiful spring scenery in the west and Xiao Chun in Su Causeway in the east. There are Langyin Pavilion and Bamboo Pavilion by the lake. When you climb the building, you can overlook the western hills, see the shadow of Yuquan Wanshou Tower in the middle and see the scenery around Houhu. The scenery is like a natural painting. The arrangement of garden plants in this scene is also very unique. Thousands of bamboo poles in the courtyard, two tung trees set each other off. Five Blessingg Hall is gloomy and full of magnolia. This magnolia plant was planted when Yuanmingyuan was first built. Honglier often went to the downstream of the flower and regarded it as the same age. This tree is called the ancestor of Magnolia grandiflora. Fifty-one years after Qianlong, Li Hong was nearly eighty years old. Occasionally go to the front of the hall to see flowers, many of them are filled with emotion. After the poem is written, it is engraved on the tablet and stands beside the flowers, decorated with new pavilions and aragonite.
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6. Bitong Academy: Located in the northeast corner of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, it is a study. Built in Qianlong nine years, AD 1744.
Bitong Academy has three halls in the front, five halls in nave and five halls in the back. It faces the natural picture scroll in the south, the Ciyun spectrum protection across the water in the west, and the Yuncenting Pavilion faces the rocks in the west.
This scene is a building complex built earlier in Yuanmingyuan, which was called "Wu Tong Academy" in Yongzheng period. Surrounded by mountains and dense forests, this is a very quiet place. The building consists of large and small courtyards with different shapes, three entrances and three exits. Under the eaves of the main hall, there is a plaque of "Bitong Academy" in Yongzheng Imperial Book. In the main hall, there are beds and kang for the emperor to rest. Bitong Academy was the place where the Qing emperors studied painting, and a large number of buttonwood trees were planted around it. The ancients compared the tung tree to a symbol of nobility and integrity and thought it could attract the phoenix. Here, tung trees are green, symbolizing auspiciousness and tranquility. In early summer, tung trees are full of branches and fragrant. In midsummer, the dense leaves of tung trees are quiet and serene, which is an excellent place to study in a quiet room. Yong Zhengdi studies here all the year round. Emperor Qianlong once praised in his poem that "the moon turns to the wind and the shadows turn, and the rain window is especially noisy." In other words, the sound is a silent color, Mo Wen Jani Lion Park. "
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7. Ciyunpu Lake: Located in the north of Jiuzhou Scenic Area, it is a temple garden.
In this scene, the front hall is adjacent to the back lake, and there are three trees named "Xiaoyao Buddha Field". There are three buildings in the north. Guanyin is dedicated upstairs, and Guandi is dedicated downstairs. To the east is the Dragon King Hall.
This scene was built in the post-Kangxi period and named "Jiange". After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, when Yuanmingyuan was upgraded to a royal garden, Mr. Feng Shui said that the palace gate was set in the south with a clear direction. The main hall is located in the center and can arch the emperor in all directions. This scene is located in the north of the central axis, and the bell tower stands three feet high in order to welcome a white mercury.
Happy Buddhist Temple is dedicated to the happy Tibetan tantric Buddha for many children and grandchildren. The protection of Guanyin Bodhisattva in the main hall is also to pray for children, but the objects of praying are different. The Dragon King Hall is for the Dragon King, so that the weather is favorable. Dzmz, bell tower, remind him of the time to get up early. Therefore, although this scene has few buildings, it has strong practical functions. In front of the Xiaoyao Buddha Field, "the vines hang down and the mice are the wind". Aunt mouse: another name for peony) There are weeping willows in the south, and the building is decorated with peaches and apricots.
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8. Upper and lower skylights: located on the north bank of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, west of Ciyunpu Lake and east of Xinghuachun Pavilion.
This scene is a building complex built earlier in Yuanmingyuan, which was completed in Yongzheng period. The name of Shangxiatianguang Scenic Area comes from the poem "If the spring is beautiful and the sky is calm, the sky is high and the clouds are light" in Fan Zhongyan's masterpiece Yueyang Tower.
The main building of the upper and lower skylights is "John Building", which is a building facing the lake. It is an open pavilion with two floors, three pavilions above and below, and a safe courtyard behind it. Hanging on the eaves is the imperial pen "Up and Down to Heaven". John Building is a group of buildings facing the water, the first half of which extends into the water, and there are a group of waterside pavilions and waterside pavilions on the left and right, which are connected by a zigzag bridge. Therefore, this group of buildings is very beautiful and ingenious. In the seventh year of Daoguang (AD 1827), great changes have taken place in the upper and lower skylight scenic spots. The original Jiuqu Bridge, Shuige and Shuiting were demolished, and the main building "John Building" was also converted into "Yuyan Building" which imitated the Yuyan Building in Jiaxing. During the Xianfeng period, the ceiling was built on the north side of Yuyan Building, and the old name of "up and down skylight" was restored.
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9. Xinghua Spring Pavilion: Located in the northwest of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, west of Shangxiatianguang.
This scene was built during the reign of Kangxi, originally called the vegetable garden, and later called the Spring Rain Pavilion. There are garden poems in Yin Zhen's Twelve Landscape Poems. In February of the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), the imperial plaques of "Xinghua Chunge" and "Xinghua Village" were hung. It was called Xinghua Village in Yongzheng period, which was built according to the artistic conception in the poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and expressed a simple pastoral interest. Qianlong nine years (1744), when making a map, the short houses were alienated, apricot trees were planted around them, and a small nursery was built in front of them, which was a scene of villages and fields. In the twenty years of Qianlong (1755), the front of this scene was greatly rebuilt, adding the Spring Rain Pavilion, the Qinggong Gate in the ravine and the tree pavilion in Nanshan. There are also Cuiweitang, Chengguan and Han. The building faces the lake from east to west, with Xinghua Village in the west courtyard and a vegetable garden in front of the building. It was built in imitation of rural scenery, and then it was built on a large scale to make the scenery more exquisite.
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10. Openness: Also called Goldfish Pond, near the west bank of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area.
Imitating Hangzhou's "Flower Harbor Watching Fish" scene, it is a special fish culture area in Yuanmingyuan, with buildings around it and a large pool dug in the middle. This scene is located on the west bank of Houhu Lake, with low mountains and few buildings, and the small and low buildings are so flat, which can introduce the scenery of Xishan. Frankly speaking, there are three ponds, Suxin Hall in front, Yue Ji in Guangfeng behind, and a fish-knowing pavilion in the northeast, where you can watch fish. There are rows of ponds around, which is the best place for the emperor to watch goldfish, commonly known as goldfish pond. The scenery is surrounded by water, with mountains in the northwest, wooden bridges across streams in the west, southwest and southeast, and Bilan Bridge, an extremely beautiful stone bridge in the north. This scene has a waterside pavilion, a fish pond (moonlight), a summer dormitory (half acre garden) and a dining room (Suxintang).
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1 1. For example, Guhanjin, also known as Shaojingxuan, is located in the west of Qingyan in Jiuzhou and faces Houhu in the east.
It was built around the fourth year of Qianlong (1739). It covers an area of 9,000 square meters and has a building area of 3,300 square meters.
Ruguhan is studying it now. There are five stalls in the main hall, followed by Shaojingxuan, Maoyuzhai and Zhuxiangzhai. There are 39 halls, rooms, corridors and terraces, 148 rooms (73 corridors), a large pavilion with double eaves, a hanging door and five doors along the wall. This scene is where the emperor studied in winter, and it is luxuriously decorated. There are nanmu boards in the room, and four windows are decorated with rosewood window frames and nanmu window cores. In its heyday, pine willows were planted, and bamboo forests were in front of Zhuxiangzhai. In the thirty-three years of Qianlong (1768), there was a major reconstruction.
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12. Changchun Temple: Located in the southwest of Jiuzhou Scenic Area, west of Qianhu Lake, west of Zheng Da Guangming Temple, such as the south of ancient Han Dynasty and the south of the garden wall.
It was built no later than the fourth year of Yongzheng (1726).
The first name is Lotus Pavilion. Since the seventh year of Yongzheng, it has become the residence of Li Hong, the fourth son of the emperor, hence the name "Changchun layman". Changchun Xiange, with three doors and five halls, is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the entrance and exit are connected with other scenic spots by wooden bridges. It is a garden-like architectural landscape group. The island consists of four courtyards, of which the East Courtyard is the main courtyard, which is a complete small quadrangle, consisting of inverted rooms, hanging flower doors, east and west wing rooms and main rooms. Hanging under the eaves of the main house is the "Changchun Fairy Hall". In the forty-second year of Qianlong (1777), Qianlong's mother, Empress Dowager Xiao Sheng, died, and this place was changed to a Buddhist temple to show Qianlong's yearning for her mother. To the west of Changchun Xiantang are Luyinxuan, Lijingxuan and Chunhaoxuan. There are Bitang and Guijing in the west. There are also royal kitchens, royal tea rooms, royal pharmacies and eunuch duty rooms on the west bank of Xianguan Island in Changchun. Due north of Changchun Xiantang, there is a bridge across Xiting, which is called "Xu Lin's Return to the Classics".
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13. Wanfang Anhe: It is located on the west side of Houhu Lake, adjacent to Xinghua Chuntang in the east, and the mountains outside the southwest lake are high in water.
Built in the early years of Yongzheng, it was originally named Wanzi Room. Wanfang Anhexuan has a unique shape and beautiful scenery, which is suitable for choosing the best residence at any time. Yong Zhengdi is very happy to live in this garden, which is still one of the leisure bedrooms in Qianlong period. During the Dragon Boat Festival, Empress Dowager Cixi gave a banquet in this hall. Emperor Jiaqing also wrote "Wan Fang Anhe" 23 times.
The building plane of Wanfang Anhe is in the shape of a Chinese character. The whole white marble building base is built in the water, and there are 33 halls on the base which are zigzag connected with the east, west, south and north rooms. This is Yong Zhengdi's favorite scenic spot. The swastika room was surrounded by water, with the emperor's throne in the middle and the Yongzheng imperial book "Wan Fang Anhe" hanging above the throne. The west road is an indoor stage, which is cleverly designed. The singer is in the northwest hall, and the emperor is sitting in the main west hall, separated by a water.
Southeast of Wanzifang is a waterfront wharf. Emperors usually come to Wanfang to be at peace, and usually go ashore directly by boat. On the other side of Wanfang Anhe, there is a cross pavilion, commonly known as the "cross pavilion". A bronze phoenix was also installed at the top of the cross pavilion, and many precious flowers and trees were planted around the cross pavilion.
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14. Spring scenery in Wuling: in Wanfang 'an and the northeast.
Crossing the stone cave, the north of the pool is the sun and the moon in the five-story open-porch pot, the east is natural and wonderful, and the south is a beautiful cave. Crossing the mountain pass is Taohuawu, deep in Taoyuan, Wanchunxuan and Pinshitang.
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15. The alpine water level is located in the southwest corner of Yuanmingyuan, and the alpine water level building is located in the open west.
Gaoshanshui Changlou is a two-story building facing west, with 9 rooms up and down; There are streams in front and mountains in the back, and the terrain in the middle is flat. It is a place where banquets are held for foreign princes, and contests and archery are often held. Across the river is a dirt mountain, which is a place where military training is forbidden in Yuanmingyuan on weekdays. There is a "earth wall" poem tablet in Qianlong. Every year in the first month, a banquet will be held here to entertain foreign princes and enjoy fireworks displays. In the East, there are thirteen places where princes live.
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16. Cloud House on the Moon: Buddhist Temple. Located in the west of Yuanmingyuan, south of Hongci forever.
There are five rows in the main hall of this scene, with the square hall in front and seven rows behind. Fayuan Building is in the east, Quiet Room is in the east, and General Liu Meng Temple is in the northwest.
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17. Hongci Permanent: Also known as Anyou Palace, it is located in the northwest corner of Yuanmingyuan, the royal ancestral temple.
Imitation of Jingshan Shouhuang Hall, built in Qianlong for seven years, completely imitates the Imperial Palace ancestral temple. It is the tallest building in the park, with yellow glazed tiles and double eaves to rest on the top of the mountain.
There are Emperor Kangxi and Yong Zhengdi in the east and the statue of Emperor Qianlong in the west. There are two glazed archways in front of the temple, each with a pair of China watches. To the north is the Zibi Mountain House.
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18. Fang Hui Academy: Located in the northwest corner of Yuanmingyuan, south of Zibi Mountain House and east of Hongci forever.
This scene is crescent (porch)-shaped, with Yanzao Pavilion, Hanyuan Zhai and An Sui An Room, and there are "broken bridges and residual snow" in the stream, which is like ten scenes of West Lake in Hangzhou.
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19. Ritian Linyu: Located in the northwest of Yuanmingyuan, south of Fang Hui Academy.
This scene is a Buddhist temple. There are middle front building, middle back building, west front building and west back building. There is a hall between the front and rear buildings, and there is an overpass between the buildings. There is an octagonal pavilion "Leng Yan altar" in front of the middle building, and Ruiying Palace in the east.
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20. Lianbo Quiet: Located in the north of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, southeast of Ritianlianyu.
The appearance of this palace is in the shape of a Chinese character: "Tian". "Tian" means cultivated land, and agriculture is the lifeblood of the feudal empire. The emperor holds a ploughing ceremony here every year.
There are Shuguang Building in the east, Cuifu Building in the north, Duojiaxuan outside the west gate, Jiaxuan and Daoxiang Pavilion in the east, Hidden Jade in Xishan and Lanxi in the northeast, Shuijingyu, Jingxiangwu, Showaheng and Mumiao Building in the southwest.
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2 1. spearmint in Shui Ying: located in the quiet west of ripple.
There are five elements of trees in the main hall of this scene, facing west, fishing rocks in the southeast, and yuechi county and Zhigeng Weaver in the north.
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22. Minster, Shui Mu: It is located in the center of the small garden gathering area in the north of Houhu, northeast of the mint area in Shui Ying.
This scene is an imitation of Yangzhou Shuizhuju. The indoor fan is driven by western hydraulic mechanism. This is a precedent of underwater acoustic landscaping in China Royal Garden.
To the north is the Wen Yuan Pavilion, which is one of the seven library buildings built by the Qing court nationwide, including ancient and modern books and Sikuquanshu.
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23. Lianxi Concert Hall: Located in the north of Yuanmingyuan, southeast of Fang Hui University.
This scene is the largest garden in Yuanmingyuan. At the center of the garden is a big island surrounded by lakes and streams. The island is slightly northwest, with a wide water surface in the southeast. The lake is surrounded by mountains and rivers.
There are nine stalls in the main hall, with Yun Qing Xiang, Xiangxue Gallery and Xia Yun Scrolls in the east and Wanhui Zongchun Temple in the south.
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24. There are many crops like a cloud: it is located in the north of Yuanmingyuan and the west of diving kites.
There are five rows of trees in the main hall, surrounded by rice fields.
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25. Fish Jumping Kite: Located in the northernmost part of Yuanmingyuan, west of the north gate.
This scene is a pentagonal temple with doors on all sides. There is Changguanxuan in the east, Pucui Ring in the southwest, continuous heaped-up mountains in the south, and a buttress pavilion in the pass.
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26. Beiyuan Mountain Village: Located in the north gate east.
There are many rice fields in this scene, and the names of all houses are related to farming, showing a strong pastoral scenery. There are Ye Lan, Huayulou, Shuicun Map, Daoliang Building, Community Building, Xu Zhan Bookstore and other buildings.
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27. Xifeng Xiuse: It is located in the north of Yuanmingyuan, with the Acropolis in the south and Beiyuan Village in the north.
This scene is called Lushan Mountain in the park, which is modeled after Lushan Mountain in Jiangxi Province. The Flower Harbor in Hou Yuan is modeled after the scenery of the West Lake in Hangzhou. Every year on Tanabata, there will be a wonderful feast here. To the west, there is a small Kuang passing by the river, followed by the Longwang Temple. In the east, there is a harmonious and self-satisfied way to declare peace.
Xifeng is beautiful, and there is our hall and platform in the west. Northwest Rocky Mountain writes about the scenery of Lushan Mountain, and there is a abode of fairies and immortals on the mountain, named Sanxian Cave. The facade of the cave is west. The cave can accommodate 200 people and has collapsed.
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28. Siyi Bookstore: Located in the north of Fuhai Water, northeast of Kuran Grand Duke.
There are five halls, one of which is called An Lan Garden. After Qianlong's southern tour, it was rebuilt in Chenyu Garden, Haining, Hangzhou Bay.
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29. Fanghu Scenic Area: Located in the northeast corner of Fuhai water surface, east of Siyi Bookstore.
This scene was basically built in Qianlong for three years (AD 1738). In front of the three large pavilions with double eaves, they extend into the lake in a "mountain" shape. Nine pavilions in the middle and back are dedicated to more than 2,000 Buddha statues and more than 30 pagodas. The building is magnificent. It is a famous landscape like Fairy Mountain and Pavilion. The theme attic is actually a temple building. The bridge behind the pavilion is the main hall of Fanghu Scenic Area, which is a two-story building with five rows in the front and five rows in the back. The front is called Luan Hall, the north is Qionghua Building, and the left and right are attached buildings, which are connected by an overpass. To the east of Fanghu Scenic Area is Jolie Palace. In the west, there are three pools printing the moon, the sky is clear, the Qingguang Building and the Zhaohua Building.
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30. Bath Bath: Located on the south side of the west bank of Fuhai, adjacent to Fuhai in the east.
The breadth of Fuhai symbolizes the importance of the sea, but it is not profitable. The territory is vast and all-encompassing. The clarity of Fuhai symbolizes the virtues of introspection and bathing. There are three towers in the main hall of this scene, with clear brightness in the south and wonderful knowledge in the north. Jingxiang Library is located in the southwest. The Beidu River includes Wangyingzhou, the west wind sending the moon and the willows around my cottage.
Bath morality is a group of landscapes with Confucian self-cultivation as the artistic conception. It is mainly composed of three groups of buildings: one group is three waterfront buildings with Chengyuan Pavilion as the main body, and Wangyingzhou is in the north of Chengyuan Pavilion, and the willow trees around our thatched cottage are in the north. Wangyingzhou is a square pavilion built on a high platform in the north of Chengyuan Pavilion to overlook the landscape of Fuhai.
The willows around my thatched cottage are surrounded by earth mountains in the northwest of Wangyingzhou. It is said that "the deep shade of willows does not invade the summer heat". This hall was built during the reign of Emperor Kangxi. Before Qianlong ascended the throne, there was a poem saying, "The years are deeper and the willows are deeper, and the news is still today."
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3 1. Autumn Moon in Pinghu: Located on the northwest coast of Fuhai, the main scenery is in the west.
It was built in Yongzheng period. Imitate the autumn scenery of Hangzhou West Lake Pinghu.
This scene has three pagodas in the main hall, following the sound of running water. The northeast mountain pass is Huayu Gao Lan, with two peaks in the clouds, mountains and rivers, gentlemen's pavilions and hidden secret buildings. The shape combines the essence of autumn moon and twin peaks in Hangzhou West Lake Pinghu.
On the east side of Wukong Bridge, there is a square pavilion with double eaves on the high platform, which is called "Two Peaks Inserting Clouds" and also named after the West Lake. It is the place where Emperor Qianlong boarded Chongyang. The courtyard to the west of this scene was converted into a three-volume hall during Jiaqing period, adding "Jingyuan Island".
There is a saying: "The mountain faces the lake, the bamboo forest is dense, and the left and right sides are supported by slab bridges, so it is easy to walk through the hole. This lake can have dozens of hectares. Autumn is crisp, the moon is in the sky, sparkling and endless. On the shore of Sugong dike, it's almost enough to win. If you don't distinguish between the sky and the water, the knot (Wang Jia Lin You) is cold and the smoke is endless. Bai Fusu Palace is elegant and graceful, and a cup of advice dances. Who doesn't say Qiantang at this time? "
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32. Pengdao Yaotai: Located in Fuhai Center.
This scene * * * has three islands, the structure and layout are all designed according to the painting "Fairy Mountain Pavilion" by the ancient painter Li Sixun; There are three palace gates and seven halls. In front of the hall, there are three islands in China in the east, the hall in the east is the companion room, and the hall in the west is the daily good news of peace. There is a bridge across the street in the southeast, which leads to the East Island, and there is also a small pavilion on the island. There is a curved bridge in the northwest, which can connect to the North Island. There are three temples on the island.
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33. Connecting Xiushan House: Located in the south of the east coast of Fuhai, it was built around 173 1 (the ninth year of Yongzheng).
Here, the huge lake is clear and blue, and the western hills in the distance are beautiful.
The architectural naming of this scenic spot has changed; After the main hall was connected with Xiushan Hall, the amount of "Yun Jin Shu" was changed. In 18 17 (twenty-two years of Jiaqing), the southernmost courtyard was converted into a three-volume hall "Guanlan Hall".
The interior decoration of Jiexiu Mountain House is all made of rosewood lacquerware, inlaid with gold, silver, precious stones and ivory. These rare treasures are carved with landscapes, pavilions, figures, flowers and trees, insects and birds. This kind of decoration, from design to carving technology, was created by a craftsman named Zhou in Hangzhou in the late Ming Dynasty, so it is called Zhou system, which occupies an important position in the history of sculpture in China.
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34. There is a hole in the sky: it is located in the mountains and rivers in the southeast corner of Fuhai.
It was built around 1730 (the eighth year of Yongzheng) and was named Xiu Qing Village. 1739 (the fourth year of Qianlong) was named "There is a hole in the sky" and later it was built in 175 1, 1762,/kloc-. It is a garden with pavilions and elegant environment.
The location is secret, passing through the gate. There are Natsume House, Shui Mu Tsinghua Pavilion, Shishangzhai and Shifang.
During the reign of Yongzheng, an alchemist was fired here, and Qianlong (reigning 1736- 1795) and Jiaqing (reigning 1796- 1820) often lived in this park.
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35. Playing the piano in the mirror: On the south bank of Fuhai, Nanping is late at night.
As a water bridge pavilion spanning two small islands on the south bank of Fuhai, take Li Bai's poem "Two waters are bright and ytterbium, two bridges are rainbow". There are two small islands in the middle of the south bank of Fuhai, and the island ends form a strait. A white stone bridge crosses the strait and connects two islands. North of the bridge is a vast sea of blessings, and south of the bridge is a small harbor lake. The so-called "mirror trap" is because there is a vast water surface in Fuhai in the north and an inner harbor in the south, in which a bridge pavilion with a circular arch hole flies, and the reflection of the water surface is like a round mirror; The so-called "Qin Ming" means that a flowing spring falls on the cliff in the east and rushes into the rocks, making a Qin Ming-like sound.
In the east, Nanping night clock, Xishan painting, the mountain is water-like. There are lakes and mountains in sight in the west, beautiful mountains and rivers and Changchun in the cave. The culture palace is built on the hillside in the east.
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36. Hanjian: The sunset of Leifeng Mountain is located on the east bank of Fuhai.
It is modeled after the sunset glow of Leifeng in Hangzhou West Lake. Leifeng sunset red is the only one of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake that has been restored and rebuilt. On a branch hill of Nanping Mountain on the south bank of the West Lake, there is a five-story brick tower with eight sides, which was built by King Qian Hongshu in 975 to celebrate the birth of his concubine Huang, commonly known as the tower. Because the tower is outside Xiguan, it is also called Xiguan brick tower. Later generations renamed it "Leifeng Pagoda" because it is on a hill called Leifeng Pagoda. Whenever the sun sets, the tower shadow crosses the sky, resplendent and magnificent, hence the name "Leifeng Sunset".
The north is like spring scenery, looking for a castle in the clouds, and the heart is not far away. In the south, there are temporary rooms, clouds and brocade trees, and thousands of scenic springs.
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37. Dagong Kulan, also known as Shuanghe Zhai, is located in the northeast of the Acropolis. This scene is a large group of buildings in the garden, modeled after Jichang Garden in Huishan, Wuxi.
The main building of this scene is near the big pool in the north, and the scenery in the park is still reflected in the water. There are also scenic spots such as Yinshitang and the depths of Linghe River. The northern part of this scene is in the middle period of Qianlong, which is modeled after the Yunlin stone chamber rock of Panshan Jingji Mountain Villa. People know that the humorous garden in the Summer Palace is modeled after Huishan Airport Garden. In fact, there was a Jichang Garden in Yuanmingyuan at that time. It's just that the artistic conception of the two imitations has its own merits.
Jiaqing poem praised Shuanghe Zhai, saying: the structure is as deep as Huishan, and the famous garden is quiet and leisurely. The winding path is steep, the pine and cypress are lush, the hole is rugged, and the stone is not stubborn.
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38. Sitting on Shichaoliu: Located in the northeast of Houhu Lake in Jiuzhou Scenic Area, south of Acropolis.
It was built around 1727 (the fifth year of Yongzheng).
This scene can be divided into five parts: Lanting in the northwest, Baopu Caotang in the southwest, Acropolis in the northeast, three-story theater paradise in the southeast, and trading street in the central palace.
Lanting, originally an open pavilion with double eaves and three bays, was copied from the artistic conception of "Qushui flowing" in Gulanting, Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Built in the early years of Yongzheng, it was named Liubei Pavilion. In the early years of Qianlong, he wrote "Sitting on a Stone and Walking in the Clouds". 1779 (forty-four years after Qianlong), the pavilion was rebuilt into an octagon and replaced with giant stone pillars. Each pillar is engraved with a famous calligraphy "Lanting Sticker", which is a sticker of Lanting Eight Columns. Acropolis is a typical Buddhist building, commonly known as Buddha City. Dedicated to the Lord Huang Cheng, Guan Dijun, III Buddha, Maitreya Buddha, etc.
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39. Quyuan Fenghe: Located on the west bank of Fuhai, it is the transition zone from Jiuzhou Scenic Area to Fuhai Scenic Area.
There are five halls in this scene, which are reconstructed according to Qu Yuan of West Lake in Hangzhou. There is also a nine-hole stone bridge in the pool. The inscription on the west archway of Qiaoxi is Jin Ao, and the inscription on the east archway of Qiaodong is Yuzhou, so it is also called Jin Ao Yuzhou Bridge, which is the largest stone bridge in Yuanming Garden. There is a Qu Yuan in the north.
There is a lake in the south and a nine-hole bridge on the lake. The earth embankment nearly a mile long in the west of the lake is slightly like the artistic conception of Su Causeway in the West Lake. In summer and autumn, the long lake is the land of hibiscus. Walking on the nine-hole bridge, walking by the lake, watching the lotus standing on the green leaves swaying in the lake, smelling the refreshing fragrance, makes people detached and refined.
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40. Deep in the cave: located at Fuyuan Gate, east of diligent and virtuous people.
This scene is mainly for the upper study rooms of the East and West Second Hospital and the two islands in the northwest and south, the small courtyard of Ruyi Pavilion of the Qing Palace Painting Academy in Northeast China, and the Changcang Courtyard adjacent to the garden wall outside Dongjiadao.
There are two courtyards in the east and west of Fuyuan Gate, which are the residence of princes' gardens. At the beginning, there were four dwellings in the northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest, which were called Fuyuan Gate East 4. In the 26th year of Daoguang (1846), the East Courtyard of Fuyuan Gate No.4 was rebuilt into the East Courtyard No.2 on a large scale, with flower gates in front of each courtyard, five main rooms in the front and three floors in the back, and five or three east and west wing rooms were added.
Location map of forty scenic spots in Yuanmingyuan