Similar fruit

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Different varieties: Different varieties directly determine the shape, characteristics, color, appearance and texture of apples, so when students draw pictures, they should first distinguish what kind of apples you draw.

Marshal Huang: The whole body is yellow, the color is simple, and the relationship between black and white is clear.

Red Fuji: It is one of our most common apples. The "handle" is very short, and generally the "warp" stripes alternate with each other.

Flower Niu Guo: crimson, prominent bright spot, obvious structure and mottled appearance.

Curry fruit: smooth appearance, a little variegated, obvious highlights and strong light.

Green snake fruit: round, blue all over, with shallow apple nest and a few spots on the outside.

Different placement: Different placement will visually change the appearance of the apple, as well as the dividing line between light and dark, the position and the relationship between light and dark.

Tile forward: the relationship between black, white and gray of apple "nest" is clear, and the dividing line between light and dark is close to the outer contour of apple.

Pedicel to the left: the bright side is at the apple "nest", and the dividing line between light and dark is almost a standard arc.

Tiwo on the right: The dividing line between light and shade of apple is like a "3", and the two reflective surfaces can be seen clearly.

Pedicel backward: the shape of apple is small in front and big in back, and the arc of the dividing line between light and dark turns greatly.

Dish: The shapes are small and big, and you can clearly see the changes at the top of the apple.

Different backgrounds: Different backgrounds directly determine the intensity of reflection. Secondly, the background exists to set off the apple, and there will be some contrast between colors, but it is not easy to be too strong, otherwise it will make the apple lack a sense of space.

Light-colored interlining: with strong reflectivity and light projection color, it is very suitable for setting off. The background can be treated deeper when painting.

Gray background: the contrast between them is large, the reflection is weak and the projection is deep. It is necessary to weaken the contrast when painting, so that the bright side of the apple has a sense of space.

Dark background: There is a great contrast between the two, with weak reflective color and deep projection. This background is not conducive to representing Apple.

Blue-green background: you can clearly see that the reflective color is blue-green, which is the environmental color when painting.

White plate set off: the surface of the white plate is smooth, and all his light is reflected to the apple, so the reflection is strong.

Different viewing angles: Different viewing angles have different spatial volumes of apples. Students should try to find a perspective that can fully express Apple.

Head-up: the eyes are in the middle of the apple, and they can only see the horizontal plane, so it is difficult to draw the three-dimensional sense of the apple.

Overlooking: This angle is too strong to draw the three-dimensional sense of the apple.

Backlight angle: only the dark side of the apple can be seen, which is not suitable for representing the apple. But you can study the dark side.

Sunward: I can only see the bright side of the apple, which is not suitable for representing the apple.

Dark side and bright side are redundant: there are fewer bright sides and more dark sides, and the shape and position of the dividing line between light and dark have changed. You can try this angle.

Different light: Different light directly determines the sketch relationship of apples, which is often referred to as the black-and-white relationship. When painting, students should make the black-and-white relationship of apples reflect different light as much as possible.

Natural light: the relationship between black and white of apple is very weak, the projection outline is also very vague, and the highlights are scattered.

Sunshine: Due to the strong light, the relationship between black, white and gray is very strong, and the projection is very clear.

Top light: the dividing line between light and dark is at the lower part of the apple, and there are projections all around, so the apple "nest" is difficult to express.

Two-sided light: in this case, the sketch relationship of apple is very weak, and two weak highlights can be seen almost without projection.

High beam: the light source is far and low, the relationship between black and white is too natural, the projection is long, and the color changes are rich.

Different shapes: Different shapes will have different visual effects, so we must observe them carefully, and the shaping techniques should be combined with observation to show the unique shape of apples.

Fresh apples: apples that have just been carefully selected and bought are fresh, full and full of water.

Old apple: After storage for one month, the inside began to deteriorate, with rough skin, water loss and a few spots.

Rotten apple: The apple has been rotten for several months, leaving a hole. Many students have not learned the most basic sketching methods, so it is not advisable to try to draw. Have a solid sketch foundation first, and don't be too eager for success.

Cut the fruit: you can see the gouache of the fruit and apple seeds. Remember to distinguish the colors of "skin, meat and seeds".

Peeled apples: After peeling, the structure of apples will change. It is not difficult to draw it as long as you observe it carefully.

The structure of apples and pears

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I want to draw the apple and make it three-dimensional. First of all, what friends need to know is the structure of apple, and the direction of the structure is a major point (the direction of the structure and the angle of view are closely related to the change of perspective). As shown in the figure below:

I want to draw the pear and make it three-dimensional. First of all, what friends need to know is the structure of pears, and the direction of the structure is a major point. According to the picture below, you should pay attention to the concave and convex changes of the shape when drawing pear-shaped structures. The direction of the structure and the angle of view are closely related to the change of visual angle. As shown in the figure below:

Briefly describe the relationship between apples and pears

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Three major surfaces: bright surface, gray surface and dark surface. Referred to as "black, white and gray" relationship.

Five tones: bright surface, gray surface (middle tone), light-dark boundary, dark surface and projection.

When drawing apples, friends draw apples according to the real thing. Firstly, carefully observe the light-receiving surface (bright surface) and backlight surface (dark surface) of the object, take the dividing line between light and dark as the dividing line, and one side of the light-receiving surface is the highlight, bright surface and gray surface. One side of the backlight is the dark side, reflection and projection. More observation objects, experience is gradually accumulated.

Three major surfaces: bright surface, gray surface and dark surface. Referred to as "black, white and gray" relationship.

Five tones: bright surface, gray surface (middle tone), light-dark boundary, dark surface and projection.

When drawing pears, friends draw according to the object. Firstly, carefully observe the light-receiving surface (bright surface) and backlight surface (dark surface) of the object, take the dividing line between light and dark as the dividing line, and one side of the light-receiving surface is the highlight, bright surface and gray surface. One side of the backlight is the dark side, reflection and projection. More observation objects, experience is gradually accumulated.

The trend of apples and pears

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The ribbon cable follows this shape. Follow the shape of the apple, that is, follow the structure of the apple. This not only gives people a sketch effect, but also gives Apple a sense of volume and space. As shown in the figure below:

The ribbon cable follows this shape. Follow the shape of the pear, that is, follow the structure of the pear. Pears are not round and flat like apples. According to the picture below, you should pay attention to the concave and convex changes of the shape when drawing pears. This not only gives people a sketch effect, but also gives pears a sense of volume and space. As shown in the figure below:

Drawing steps of apples and pears

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1, the bright side is caught by HB-2H and portrayed by the center.

2. Use 4-6B for the dark side, and "wipe" it with a pen or paper after painting.

3, gray surface with 2B pencil, grip in the middle, pen in the center, can be gently wiped.

4. After the protruding part is paved with 5B, it should be gently rubbed and re-rubbed.

Summarize the physical characteristics of the whole apple with short lines, and determine the dividing line between light and dark and the position of projection.

Starting from the boundary line, distinguish the bright and dark sides of the apple, and uniformly distinguish the dark side and projection of the whole picture (use a pen of more than 8B to set the tone of the dark part).

Wipe off the dark parts and projections of the apple with a paper towel to further open the black, white and gray relationship of the picture. When wiping the picture with a pen or paper towel, the strength should be moderate, and the force will damage the picture.

Depicting objects has depth. Arrange the lines according to the apple's body structure. The bright lines should be clean and delicate (suitable for pencil drawing below 3B), and the dark parts should be soft and breathable (suitable for pencil drawing above 4B). Pay attention to the reflective changes in the dark part of the apple (shaping means paying attention to the spatial relationship and rhythm of the picture).

Summarize the shape characteristics of the whole pear with short lines, and determine the dividing line between light and dark and the position of projection.

From the boundary line, distinguish the bright and dark sides of pear and pear "handle", and uniformly distinguish the dark side and projection of the whole picture (paint the tone of the dark part with a pen of more than 8B).

Wipe off the dark parts and projections of pears with paper towels to further open the black, white and gray relationship of the picture. Pears are not as round and flat as apples, which can be seen from the boundary between light and shade, so you should observe the appearance of pears more when painting. When wiping the picture with a pen or paper towel, the strength should be moderate, and the force will damage the picture.

Describe the object in depth, and arrange the lines according to the pear-shaped structure. The open lines should be clean and delicate (suitable for pencil drawing below 3B), and the dark parts should be soft and breathable (suitable for pencil drawing above 4B). Pay attention to the change of reflection in the dark part of the pear (shaping means paying attention to the spatial relationship and rhythm of the picture).

Apple's lights and backlight

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Again, it is very important to understand the light and shadow! As a result, the reality of light and shade was created, and so was Apple. After careful understanding, you can extrapolate (the principle of pear expression is the same). The following figure: Master the analysis content in the following figure!

Apple's lights and backlight

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The sketch relationship brought by light source is the essence of sketch, which includes the rhythm of light source and shape. The embodiment on a single apple is the most intuitive and common. There are two bright and dark boundaries of apples, one is in the apple nest, and the other is caused by the appearance of apples (the principle of pear expression is the same). The following figure: Master the analysis content in the following figure!

Spatial relationship between fruits

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As shown below: When multiple objects are on the same horizontal line, regardless of size, friends can open the spatial relationship between objects according to the degree of light received by each object and the inherent color of the objects themselves. Note: "primary and secondary" relationship, the center position of the picture.

The Expression of Apple's Errors (Structure and Tone)

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Apples are similar in shape. Students must carefully observe the shape characteristics of apples when drawing them. Apple not only has rich shape changes, but also has obvious internal structure ups and downs. Therefore, children's shoes should not use arcs to represent the internal structure.

When there is no light, nothing can be seen, so there is no absolute "structure sketch". In order to reflect the artistry of structure sketch, some tunes can be added on the premise of accurate results, which can enhance the richness of structure sketch and avoid being too strong.

1, the key to the mistake is not understanding the purpose of sketching the structure. It must be clear that structure sketch is analyzing the structure of objects, paving the way for better drawing light and dark sketches. Remember! The boundary between light and shade is not structure sketch.

2. The key to the mistake is that you don't know the art of using lines, mainly because you are not good at using the modeling language with rich lines. Lines can vary in thickness, width, virtual reality, thickness, strength, Fiona Fang, light and heavy, etc. The space and volume of objects can be expressed through different changes and comparisons of lines.

3. The key to the mistake lies in not respecting the appearance characteristics of apple, mainly because the shape of apple is too general, which leads to the lack of physical characteristics and courage of apple itself.

Little friends all know that painting can't just copy pictures, otherwise it will lose its artistry and appeal. Because we should exaggerate appropriately, we can neither lose the sense of space in the picture in pursuit of contrast, nor ignore the internal structure of the object in pursuit of beauty.

To draw the three-dimensional sense and spatial sense of apples, we should pay attention to the treatment of edge lines besides the clear relationship between black, white and gray in the picture. Apples are spheres, so the most solid part is the middle part.

1, the key to the mistake is to pursue the strong relationship between black, white and gray in the picture and ignore the subtle tone changes of apples in different environments. It is a typical "concept" apple. Although "eye-catching", the sketch relationship of the whole picture is not harmonious at all.

2. The key to the mistake is to ignore the weak color change of apple in different environments. Although we have the concept of sketch relationship, we have not carefully observed the shape of the dividing line between light and dark, the intensity of reflection, the projection and the performance of highlights. Although the lines in this painting are exquisite and beautiful, they still look very conceptual.

3. The key to the mistake lies in not respecting the appearance of apple and the changing law of the relationship between black, white and gray of apple. This sketch is simple, naive and full of childlike interest.

The Relationship between Reality and Picture Reality

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The general law of excess and deficiency: 1, near excess and far deficiency; 2. Bright and dark; 3. Upper reality and lower deficiency; 4. The center is real and the periphery is virtual.

Pay attention to the change and turning point of the relationship between black, white and gray, from shallow to medium. Handle these relationships well, and the effect will naturally come out.

Respect the change of the inherent color of the object from light to heavy, and pay attention to the relationship between black, white and gray of Ba and the change of projection. It is worth noting that the area around the apple highlights is projected.

stairway

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When drawing a combined still life, if there are multiple apples or pears, friends should first pay attention to the "primary and secondary" relationship between apples or pears. Note: The near is big and far is small, and the near is real and far is empty. Such as the following works: