The Chang 'e-5 probe, developed by China Academy of Space Technology (China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation No.5 Institute), is the first spacecraft in China to sample and return to the unmanned moon. It is planned to complete the lunar sampling return mission in the third phase of the lunar exploration project, which is the most critical detector in the project and the final battle of China's lunar exploration project.
The total weight of Chang 'e-5 probe is 8.2 tons, which consists of four parts: orbiter, returner, lander and riser. It will be launched by the Long March V carrier rocket with the highest thrust in China from Wenchang Space Launch Site in China.
Chang 'e V mission is the sixth mission of China's lunar exploration project, and it is also one of the most complicated and difficult missions of China Aerospace (as of June 5438+February 2020). It realized the first unmanned return of the moon in China, and contributed to the scientific research on the origin and evolution history of the moon.
Technological innovation of Chang 'e V;
Chang 'e V mainly faces four technical problems: sampling, ascent, docking and high-speed reentry. At the same time, the system design of Chang 'e V faces five major challenges.
The detector needs to go through multiple flight stages, and also needs to complete key links such as lunar sampling, lunar takeoff and ascent, lunar orbit rendezvous and docking, sample transfer, high-speed re-entry and landing of the earth's atmosphere, and there are many design constraints.
Among them, the elevator and orbiter need to dock in the lunar orbit 380 thousand kilometers away from the earth, where the rendezvous and docking can not be realized by satellite navigation, but by the detector itself.
The carrying capacity of the launch vehicle has strict constraints on the weight of the Chang 'e-5 probe. On the one hand, we should "slim down" the subsystem as much as possible. On the other hand, due to the lack of backup products, it is necessary to ensure reliable quality.