What are the customs and costumes of Mongolians? Custom:
Offering Hada: Hada is an essential item in Mongolian daily salute. Offering Hada is a courtesy used by Mongolian herdsmen in welcoming guests and daily communication. When offering Hada, the host held Hada with open hands, sang auspicious greetings or hymns, exaggerated the atmosphere of respect, and turned Hada's folded mouth to accept Hada's guests. Guests should stand up and face the toaster, listen attentively to the toast and accept the toast. When accepting Hada, the guest should lean forward slightly, and the person who offers Hada will hang Hada around the guest's neck. Guests should put their hands together on their chests to express their thanks to the people who presented Hada.
Tea service: When going to herdsmen's homes or tourist attractions, the host or waiter will give the guests a bowl of milk tea first. Guests should get up slightly and pick it up with their hands or right hands. Never pick it up with your left hand, or it will be considered impolite. When the host or waiter pours tea, if the guest doesn't want to drink tea, please gently touch the spoon or spout with the edge of the bowl, and the host will immediately understand the guest's intention.
Toast: pouring wine is a traditional way for Mongolian people to treat their guests. They believe that wine is the essence of food and the crystallization of grain, and offering the most precious food is to express the respect and love of grassland herders for their guests. Usually, the host pours wine into a silver bowl, a gold cup or a horn cup, puts it on a long Hada and sings a touching traditional Mongolian toast song. If the guest refuses to drink, it will be regarded as contempt for the host and unwilling to treat the host sincerely. Guests should immediately catch the wine, dip their ring fingers in the wine and point to the direction of heaven, earth and stove to show their respect for heaven, earth and Vulcan. Don't be reluctant to drink, but touch your lips to show that you have accepted the pure friendship of your master.
Sacrifice to God: There is a custom of offering sacrifices to God in Mongolian ceremonies and banquets. According to the Mongolian custom guide, the chef cut the sheep into nine equal portions of meat, "The first is heaven, the second is earth, the third is Buddha, the fourth is ghost, the fifth is man, the sixth is mountain, the seventh is grave, the eighth is land and water god, and the ninth is emperor". Sacrifice to heaven and throw meat on the yurt; Sacrificial land was thrown into the fire; Sacrifice Buddha statues in front of shrines; The ghost sacrifice is placed outside the bag; The mountain is hung on the branches of the sacred tree, and the grave is dedicated to the ancestors of this nation. Put it outside the bag, throw it into the river park to worship the water god, and finally sacrifice it to Genghis Khan and put it in front of the shrine. This custom can be traced back to ancient Shamanism, which worships many gods. Later, Lamaism, a Mongolian belief, absorbed its ancient folk beliefs and brought many gods into the track of Lamaism.
Hospitality: Mongolians have been known for their straightforward temperament and warm hospitality since ancient times. Be enthusiastic about visitors at home, whether they are regular customers or strangers. First of all, offer fragrant milk tea, and serve plates of snow-white milk skin and cheese. After drinking milk tea, the host will offer mellow milk wine and invite guests to drink koumiss in midsummer. In some areas, there are certain rules for entertaining guests with hand-grabbed meat. For example, eating with a pipa with four long tendons; Beef is served with a spine with half a rib and a fat sausage. Before or after marriage, the girl goes back to her mother's house to treat her with lamb breast. The calf bone, chin and neck meat of sheep are all for the younger generation and children. Receive distinguished guests or put a whole sheep mat on a festive day.
Respect for the old and love for the young: Mongolians have a sense of security for the old and respect for the old and love for the young. Go to the Mongolian herdsmen's house and greet the old people. Don't pass by the old man, don't sit in his superior position, and don't sit side by side with the old man without permission. When addressing the elderly, you should be called "you", and you are not allowed to be commensurate or call them by their first names. Don't yell at the children of herders, let alone beat them. Don't talk about your child's physical defects in front of your family. Being good to children and being good to children is considered as respect for parents.
Singing: Mongolian persuasion is often expressed by sincere singing. Singing and persuasion go hand in hand. Often after a lead singer, everyone raises their glasses and sings together, and then everyone cheers together. So many times, the wine is full. Singing is ritualistic, impromptu, one person or several people, and chorus, and its singing is often hearty and sleepless all night.
Hospitality: Mongolian people have a traditional virtue of attaching importance to hospitality, which has been circulating since ancient times.
Offering tea to guests is a noble traditional Mongolian etiquette. In the history of Mongolia, whether it is a rich family or a poor family, whether it is an upper class or a common people, whether it is in communication or at home, on the road, or on all other occasions, tea is an entertainment. Tea is an indispensable treat when guests come home. Therefore, as usual, the herdsmen first offer a bowl of milk tea to the distinguished guests, and then the host brings fried rice and a bowl of cream (Jiaohe in Mongolian), milk tofu and milk skin ... >>
What are the names of Mongolian clothes?
Mongolian traditional costumes. Popular in pastoral areas such as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The robe is long and wide, with long sleeves and high collar, right lapel and buttons on the right. Generally, there is no slit at the left and right sides of the lower end, and the neckline and cuffs are inlaid with lace. Most cotton gowns are made of scalp; Single robes are usually made of cloth and satin. Men's robes are mostly blue and brown; Women's robes are mostly red, green and purple. Pass through multiple belts
On the grassland, men, women and children like to wear robes all year round, which is the unique robe of Mongols. The robe is wide and has a belt, and the style and color vary according to gender. Generally, the Mongolian robes worn by women are narrower than those worn by men, mainly in red, pink, green and sky blue. On festivals, they also wear headdresses woven with agate, pearls, corals, precious stones, gold, silver and jade. Men prefer to wear brown and blue Mongolian robes.
The belt is an indispensable part of the Mongolian robe. It is made of cotton cloth and satin, about three or four meters long, and its color is in harmony with that of the robe. In windy places like grasslands, belts are mainly used to keep out the cold. Mongolian boots are mainly designed for riding, and their characteristics are that the toes are upturned, and the boots are equipped with lining felt to keep out the cold and prevent water.
What clothes do Mongolians wear, food, clothing, housing and transportation? The traditional national costume of Mongolians is a Mongolian robe with edge and right slit, and a belt made of blue, green and Huang San silk. Male body is larger, and the lower part is smaller or not open; Women generally don't open it, and it's made of blue, green and black fabric. Lama is wearing red and yellow robes. Men like to wear wide-brimmed hats, women like to wear gold and silver ornaments, and both men and women love to wear leather boots. With the development and change of the times, Mongolian people choose their costumes at any time and change with the seasons, but they still wear their favorite national costumes-Mongolian robes on festivals and important occasions.
The staple foods of Mongolian people in pastoral areas are dairy products, beef, mutton and pasta. Dairy products mainly include yogurt, cheese, milk powder, milk skin, ghee and so on. Beef and mutton are usually boiled in clear water. If you can't finish eating meat in summer, cut it into strips and hang it in a cool and ventilated place to dry. Pasta includes scones, fried foods and noodles. Mongolian residents in rural areas and towns live together with other ethnic groups, and their diets are similar, so they like to eat jiaozi on holidays. There is a saying in Mongols that it is better to have no food for three days than to have no tea for one day. Tea is divided into green tea and milk tea, mainly milk tea. Mongolian men have the habit of drinking, and mainly drink milk wine and koumiss wine in pastoral areas.
Mongolians in pastoral areas still keep their old habits. In winter, the sunny slope of the mountain stream is sheltered from the wind and snow, which is called the winter nest. In summer, turning to the mountains or grasslands near high places is called Xiawozi. In order to move conveniently, people live in round yurts, commonly known as yurts. Mongolian yurts are slightly different from Kazakh yurts. The wooden stick used to support the top of the yurt is straight at both ends, short and round at the top, and the joint between the top of the yurt and the fence is angular. With the improvement of rural economic level and the continuous development of animal husbandry production, the living conditions of Mongolian herders have gradually changed to settlement and semi-settlement. In remote pastoral areas, electric lights have been turned on, and herders can sit at home and watch TV.
What's the name of Mongolian clothing? Mongolian men and women like to wear robes, jackets and boots. Many people are still blue and dark blue, and seldom wear blue shirts. Women like to wear red, green and sky blue clothes. The clothing of the four seasons is different, including single cloth robe, double robe, cotton robe, fur robe, vest and mandarin jacket. Both men and women like to decorate their belts with bright silk or cloth. These clothes have tassels. Satin or muslin is preferred as the fabric. Mongolian boots are mostly made of cowhide, and a few are made of horse and donkey skins. Women's boots are mostly embroidered with cloth, and they are covered with felt socks in winter, which is light and warm. In winter, leather clothes are all tanned and sewn by themselves, and they are rarely bought. The leather clothes worn at work do not hang fine wool, silk and cloth, which is economical and durable. Most of the boots worn by herders are homemade. Clothes are all right-handed, with cross buttons or row buttons. Men's clothes are mostly inlaid on one side, while women's clothes are bright and beautiful. A single cloth robe or vest is inlaid with embroidered edges or gold and silver silk edges. Women's clothes are particularly particular, and there is a difference between a boudoir and a woman.
What's the name of the clothes that Mongols wear?
Mongolian traditional costumes. Popular in pastoral areas such as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The robe is long and wide, with long sleeves and high collar, right lapel and buttons on the right. Generally, there is no slit at the left and right sides of the lower end, and the neckline and cuffs are inlaid with lace. Most cotton gowns are made of scalp; Single robes are usually made of cloth and satin. Men's robes are mostly blue and brown; Women's robes are mostly red, green and purple. Pass through multiple belts
On the grassland, men, women and children like to wear robes all year round, which is the unique robe of Mongols. The robe is wide and has a belt, and the style and color vary according to gender. Generally, the Mongolian robes worn by women are narrower than those worn by men, mainly in red, pink, green and sky blue. On festivals, they also wear headdresses woven with agate, pearls, corals, precious stones, gold, silver and jade. Men prefer to wear brown and blue Mongolian robes.
The belt is an indispensable part of the Mongolian robe. It is made of cotton cloth and satin, about three or four meters long, and its color is in harmony with that of the robe. In windy places like grasslands, belts are mainly used to keep out the cold. Mongolian boots are mainly designed for riding, and their characteristics are that the toes are upturned, and the boots are equipped with lining felt to keep out the cold and prevent water.
What are the Mongolian costumes?
Mongolian costumes vary according to gender and age. Middle-aged men wear long-breasted fur coats in winter, and the fabrics are mostly black and blue. There is no cloth. Generally, sleeves and hem are sewn with black cloth or blue cloth about three fingers wide, and some are trimmed with sheepskin. Wear long-breasted cloth in spring and autumn. Whether you wear fur coat or cloth coat, you should wear a 3-meter-long blue-black cloth belt.
In the old days, a Mongolian knife with a sheath was hung on the belt, a pair of chopsticks were inserted in the sheath, a fire sickle was hung, and some even hung a white cloth towel. In winter, old people wear "Baslek" fur hats, and middle-aged people wear "Zhumudeke" fur hats. The top of the hat is a small round knot woven with red cloth strips, and the ear fans on both sides are connected at the back to protect the nose and mouth in front. In summer, people wear black robes and wrap their heads with blue cloth. Most city residents wear hats.
Women's dresses are mainly robes. A gown worn by girls in summer is called "La Busick", with a big belly; The other is called "Bi Simit", with buttons (silver buttons or cloth buttons) from the middle to below the waist, and the left front is widened. This robe is embroidered with various lace patterns. Wrap red, green and Huang San silk or cloth around your waist and embroidered white cloth headscarf around your head. You like to wear rings, bracelets and earrings. Married women wear "Tierlok", coats "Che Gadeke" and * * * *“La Busick ". Some people wear sleeveless robes "Bierizi" and tie them around their waists. There are no buttons. The hat is sewn with silver ornaments and has a long red ear that hangs down to the lower back of the hat. Married women don't wear belts on their robes. The old woman's clothes don't need colored embroidery edges, and there is no silver jewelry on her hat.
After the founding of New China, young men and women wore uniforms, such as Lenin suit, Zhongshan suit, student suit and western suit. Middle-aged women like wearing dresses and headscarves. Traditional clothes are mostly worn by middle-aged and elderly women in festivals, which are rare on weekdays.
What's the name of Mongolian costume? The name of Mongolian clothing is Mongolian robe.
PS:
The name of Mongolian clothing is Mongolian robe.
Mainly including robes, belts, boots, jewelry and so on. However, due to different regions, there are also differences in styles. Take women's robes as an example. Influenced by Manchu, Mongolians in Horqin and Harqin wear wide, straight and slit robes, and the neckline and cuffs are decorated with various colors. Mongolians in Xilingol grassland wear Mongolian robes with large narrow sleeves and no slits; Buryat women wear robes with waist skirts and shoulders; Ordos women's robes are divided into three pieces, the first is a close-fitting dress with sleeves reaching to the wrist, the second is a coat with sleeves reaching to the elbow, and the third is a collarless double-breasted vest with straight flashing buttons. The robes worn by Mongolians in Qinghai are similar to those of Tibetans. Except Qinghai, there is little difference in men's wear. Wear double robes in spring and autumn, single robe in summer, cotton robe or fur robe in winter. Mongolians usually like to wear cloth to celebrate festivals.
Or festivals, people usually wear brocade-trimmed clothes. Men's wear is mainly blue and brown, while women's wear likes to use red, pink, green and sky blue.
Belt is an important part of Mongolian costume, made of satin or cotton cloth, three or four meters long. Men's belts are often decorated with knives, irons and snuff bottles. Mongolian boots are divided into leather boots and cloth boots. Mongolian boots are fine in workmanship and have exquisite patterns on their surfaces. Wearing jewelry and hats is a habit of Mongolians. Hats in different regions also have local characteristics. Mongolian hats in Inner Mongolia and Qinghai have a high top and a flat edge, lined with white felt, and decorated with leather or purple-green felt, which is thick in winter and thin in summer. The hat top is decorated with tassels, and the hat belt is made of silk, which can be worn by both men and women. In Balhu and Buryat Mongolia in Hulunbeier, men wear shawl hats and women wear peaked hats with upturned eaves. With precious raw materials such as agate, jadeite, coral, pearls and silver, Mongolian jewelry is rich and luxurious.
Mongolian men wear robes to tie their waists, while women embroider lace patterns on their sleeves and high collars, which seems to be similar to Han nationality. Women like to wear clothes of three different lengths. The first one is a close-fitting dress with sleeves reaching to the wrist, the second one is a coat with sleeves reaching to the elbow, and the third one is a collarless double-breasted vest with straight rows of flashing buttons, which is particularly eye-catching.
All parts of Mongolian costumes This Mongolian department has a vast territory and scattered residence, and the costumes of various flags are also different. The style of women's headdresses is elegant and beautiful. They pay attention to Hou Lian and cheek decoration. Chahar Mongolian costumes inherited and carried forward the style and style of Mongolian traditional costumes, and most of them adopted the color of the imperial palace in Yuan Dynasty. There is no rust on the neckline and lapel, and the collar, collar seat, lapel, pendant and slit are edged with silk, which reflects the gorgeous and colorful palace charm of Chahar Mongolian costumes. This tribe, located in the depths of Hulunbeier grassland, completely retains the simple decorative style of ancient Mongols. Its headdress has a unique shape and uses a lot of silver. The robe is characterized by large folds on the shoulders and waist. From the overall style, Hu Ba Mongolian costumes retain the characteristics and traditional styles of ancient Mongolian costumes. Mongolian men and women in Hu Ba wear robes with wide hem. Men mainly wear robes and Trlik with blue, light blue, fuchsia and dark brown satin as fabrics. Wearing a white undershirt in summer is an orange, yellow-green, gray-blue silk belt, which is tied at the lower waist. Lift up the robe above, it's beautiful; Women wear robes and Trlik with red, purple and green satin as fabrics, and wear purple, pink and light green silk belts, so that the upper part of the robes is close to the skin. Women in this tribe wear pointed red tassels, lantern sleeves, armbands decorated with kujin or tapestries, robes decorated with waistlines and braided hair ornaments, which are beautiful and unique. Buryat Mongolians live in Hulunbeier Grassland in Inner Mongolia and Siberia in Russia. Nomadic and hunting have always been the main modes of production, forming a clothing style that both men and women like to wear robes and riding boots. The costumes of Buryat Mongolians are not only the style of ordinary Mongolians, but also influenced by Russia and Ewenki. In winter, men wear a red fringed hat with precious fur such as lamb skin or otter skin on the brim and ears. They wore sheepskin robes, colorful silk belts and homemade Buryat thick felt high-waisted Mongolian boots. Wear cloth robe and leather boots in spring and autumn. In summer, men wear a wool horn hat called "lighted", a cloth robe, a pair of single leather boots, and a wide and thick woolen cloth (meaning raincoat) to protect them from rain or cold at night. Women wear the same hats and boots as men, women's robes with pleated chests, and married women wear robes with pleated shoulders. Whether there are wrinkles on the shoulders has become an eye-catching symbol of women's married and unmarried. Neither robe has a belt. In winter, women will wear a vest made of leather and cotton over their robes. Ruins of Mi County, qiwang, Erdos, Inner Mongolia: red silk, dark flowers, horseshoe sleeves, black inlaid brocade long vest. Mongolian women in Ordos call this headdress "Tao Le Gan Jiu Gan", which means hair band in Chinese. It is made of precious materials such as turquoise, agate, coral, precious stones, gold and silver, and the price is quite expensive. The Mongolian robe in Ordos region is long, with slits at both sides and buttons on the right side of the big chest. Men and women are generally equipped with belts. Men like to wear blue or brown robes, which are bigger. Women like to wear red, pink, green and sky blue silk robes, which are relatively tight. Mongolian people in Ordos wear Mongolian robes, regardless of gender, generally have belts, and there are certain rules for tying belts. Unmarried women wear belts and keep spikes on their backs. Once she gets married, it will become "expensive bus". "Busgui" is Mongolian, which means no belt in Chinese. It's not a belt, it's a tight vest that distinguishes unmarried from married. Wearing a vest means that a woman can have children. Men wear belts. Lift the robe up when you tie it, which is convenient for riding and looks vigorous and natural. Snuff bottles, Mongolian knives, towels, etc. should also be tied on the belt. , color diversity, cloth, silk, satin and other materials are used. "Wulate" means "skillful craftsman" in Mongolian. As early as the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Wulate tribe was famous for its exquisite clothing production technology, which formed the characteristics of elegant men's wear and elegant women's wear. Men wear hats, robes and riding boots, while women wear headscarves, robes and riding boots. Urad clothing not only retains its own traditional style, but also absorbs the advantages of traditional clothing in other regions. Its fabric color and sewing technology are similar to those of Su Nite and Chahar in Abaga. There are many people wearing traditional costumes in pastoral areas, and people generally wear gorgeous traditional costumes on holidays and Nadam activities.