There are many factors that can affect the onset of rabies and cat bites:
1. It depends on the number of rabies virus entering the human body. If mad dogs and sick cats bite people in the early stage of the disease, the rabies virus in their saliva is less than that in the later stage.
2. Whether the bite is serious also affects whether the bitten person is sick. A deep bite in a large area is more likely to get sick than a shallow wound in a small wound.
3. Multi-site bites are also more likely to occur than single-site bites, and the incubation period is shorter.
4. Treating the wound correctly and timely after being bitten is the first line of defense for rabies. If the wound is treated correctly in time and after anti-rabies exposure, the risk of the disease can be greatly reduced.
5. Mucosal infection is more difficult to get sick than biting skin infection, and more cases are depressive rabies.
6. The incidence and mortality of wild animals biting the head, face, neck and other parts close to the central nervous system or parts rich in peripheral nerves are higher than those biting limbs.
7. People with low resistance are more likely to get sick than those with strong resistance.
The period from rabies virus entering human body to rabies attack is called rabies incubation period. This period can be days, months or years, or even 20 years. Generally, it accounts for 85% within 3 months, 90% within 6 months, and 96% within 1 year. Only 4% of all cases occur above 1 year. According to the introduction of rabies expert 1994 of the World Health Organization, the longest incubation period with accurate scientific data is 19 and 6 months, that is to say,
Generally, as long as you get vaccinated in time after being bitten, you will be fine, and you don't have to worry about rabies!
After being bitten by a dog or cat, the wound should be treated strictly within two hours. For example, acupuncture the skin around the wound, try to squeeze bleeding or cupping and pulling out poison. Then rinse with 20% soapy water or 0. 1% bromogeramine for half an hour, and then rinse with plenty of water. Then burn the wound repeatedly with soju or 5% iodine or 75% alcohol. If the wound is close to the head, anti-rabies immune serum should be used for infiltration injection in or around the wound, and rabies vaccine should be inoculated as soon as possible. If the injury is serious, anti-rabies immune serum should be injected at the same time, and tetanus antitoxin or toxoid should be given as needed.
Precautions for injection of rabies vaccine for human use (before and after injection):
(1) Go to the hospital about 15 days after the whole rabies vaccine injection, and draw 2ml of blood on an empty stomach to test whether antibodies are produced. If the antibody is positive, it means that the body has produced anti-rabies antibodies. It also shows that the injected vaccine is immune to this kind of injury (if it contains rabies virus).
(2) during the injection of rabies vaccine for human use, corticosteroids are prohibited and other vaccines are not vaccinated as far as possible.
(3) Avoid alcohol, strong tea and spicy food. Shrimp and crab can be eaten. (As for the instructions, it is not advisable to drink alcohol, drink strong tea, eat irritating food and do strenuous exercise during vaccination, so as not to cause vaccination reaction. Of course, considering that alcohol may accelerate the nerve movement of rabies virus and shorten the incubation period, it is not advisable to drink alcohol during rabies vaccination. )
(4) The bitten person and the person with no dysfunction can take part in proper labor and exercise, but not strenuous activities, so as to avoid excessive fatigue and catch a cold and reduce the reaction.
(5) Strengthen nutrition and improve disease resistance. Vitamins and anti-infective drugs can be given at the same time to avoid immune interference. There is no basis for worrying about the hair quality of fish, chicken and so on.
If the rabies vaccine cannot be injected immediately after being bitten by a dog or cat, and the time of being bitten is within 10 days, the rabies vaccine should be injected regularly. If the bitten part is the head, face, neck or the person bitten by rabies, even after a long time, rabies vaccine should be actively vaccinated and anti-rabies immune serum or immunoglobulin should be injected at the same time. Children receive rabies vaccine at the same dose as adults. If rabies vaccine is injected for a long time after being bitten by a dog, it may not be able to prevent the onset of rabies, so rabies vaccine is generally not vaccinated for more than a few months after being bitten by a dog.
Rabies vaccine will only be effective if injected within 24 hours after being bitten by dogs and cats. If time has passed, even if you play now, it will have no effect. People should look at things scientifically and objectively. Although there is no vaccination, there is a great possibility that it will not be infected with rabies virus. Not everyone bitten by cats and dogs will get rabies. We now call for vaccination after being bitten by a dog, because rabies is an incurable disease and also to avoid future troubles. Vaccination is a preventive measure.
Do normal people need rabies vaccine?
People who have not been bitten by dogs or cats generally do not need to be vaccinated against rabies. Because rabies vaccine has an expiration date, the expiration date of rabies vaccine is calculated from the time when the human body receives vaccination to produce antibodies (specific immunoglobulin). Because the antibody is protein, it will be metabolized and hydrolyzed, and the cycle is about 180 days. Therefore, the immune protection period of rabies vaccine for human use is 6 months from the time of antibody production (about the fifth injection). Generally, neutralizing antibodies appear in the blood in the third week after the first injection, but it takes about 30 days to reach the effective level (basically the time of the fifth injection), and the antibody titer reaches the peak in 40-60 days (also counting from the first injection). After that, it began to decline slowly, and the antibody level was less than the effective level after 180 days, so its immune protection was valid for about 6 months. To put it simply: if you are injured within half a year after the first injection, you can stop the injection or go to the epidemic prevention station to add (strengthen) an injection; If the interval between the first injection and the second injection exceeds 3 years, the whole vaccine should be re-injected, because the effectiveness of the first injection may be lost, so it is best to go to the epidemic prevention station for inspection. In other words, early injection can play a preventive role, but the validity period is half a year. Because I don't know when I will be bitten, I usually just need to inject it in time after being bitten.
Don't worry, don't worry, you'll be fine! Good luck!