Second, the management method of liquid fertilizer. From March to April, peach trees gradually enter the germination stage, flowering and fruit-setting stage and new shoot growth stage. In order to better meet the nutritional requirements of the growth of new shoots and the growth and development during the color change period, fertilization before flowering is very important, especially for fruit trees with weak growth potential or peach orchards with high annual output in the world, which is conducive to the uniform opening of flowers, the improvement of fruit setting rate and the early growth of new shoots.
Before flowering, quick-acting base fertilizer can be properly applied to promote the growth of fruit setting and tree stems, and the urea solution should be controlled at 0.5kg/ plant to prevent the growth of new shoots and aggravate fruit drop. Fertilization methods can be deep application, point application, strip application, radial or circular application, or the combination of irrigation and topdressing. There is a lot of precipitation in Hunan Province in spring, so we should pay attention to soil cultivation and transport water to Xueyuan Canal to avoid flooding of water in Taoyuan.
Third, thinning flowers and fruits At this stage, for varieties with high fruit setting rate, the key to thinning flowers is to cut and thin buds before flowering. The degree of thinning depends on plant type, fruit branch flow and early spring climate. Generally, short, medium and long fruit branches leave 2, 3 and 4 stamens respectively, and blind branches leave 5-6 stamens. Fruit thinning takes a long time and flowering lags behind quickly. When large and small fruits can be separated during the color change period, the first fruit thinning can be carried out. Varieties with high fruit setting rate can be thinned early, and varieties with low and unstable fruit setting rate should be thinned late.
The amount of fruit left should be fully considered according to crown diameter, species, trunk size, growth potential, liquid fertilizer supply standard, world annual output and total flowers at the beginning of the year. Generally, 3 ~ 4 fruits are left when the branches are pruned 30 ~ 40 cm, 2 ~ 3 fruits when the branches are pruned 20 ~ 30 cm, and 1 ~ 2 fruits when the branches are less than 20 cm. In the high-yield period, the long, middle and short branches of the tree left 3, 2 and 1 fruit respectively, the long branch left 2 fruits, the middle branch left 1 fruit, and the short and leaf branches had no fruits.
4. Pest control before germination and before and after flowering is the key period for peach tree pest control, especially before germination. From the end of February to the beginning of March (before the germination period), spray 4 ~ 5 Baume omethoate 1 time or 30 times of 45% crystalline omethoate solution on the garden flat, and spray carefully and evenly. Last year, the peach garden with obvious pests and diseases could be sprayed with agricultural streptomycin 1: 2: 120 times before flowering, but it was more than 12 days apart from the previous spraying time of omethoate.
Peach trees are generally propagated by grafting or cutting. After planting, the tree stems will be put into the branches after survival, and grow slowly and sturdily. In spring, the surviving peach trees will give birth to tender buds and bloom in February-March. In April, the upper and lower petals will fall and new fruits will grow. By August-September in autumn, the fruit will be perfect. If it is a peach tree with seeds, it must grow for three years before it can come to a conclusion.