Guidance before class
Section 1 Overview of Putonghua Phonetics
First, the four elements of Putonghua pronunciation
Second, the pronunciation organs of Putonghua pronunciation
Third, the basic concepts of Putonghua pronunciation
Fourthly, the phonological coordination of Putonghua.
Section 2 Some Points for Attention in Putonghua Training
The third section insists on necessary tongue and lip training.
First, oral practice
Second, lip exercises
Three. Relevant suggestions
Summary of this chapter
Chapter II Pronunciation and Training of Putonghua Initial consonants
Guidance before class
Section 1 Pronunciation of initials
First of all, the pronunciation part of initials
Second, the pronunciation method of initials
Third, the pronunciation of initial consonants in Mandarin.
Section 2 Initial consonant training
First, double lip sound and labial teeth sound.
Second, the tongue sounds
Third, the root sound of the tongue
Fourth, the pronunciations on the tip of the tongue
Fifth, the alto of the tip of the tongue.
Six, after the tip of the tongue sound
Seven or zero initials
Section 3 Comprehensive Training of Initial consonants
First, word comparison exercises.
Second, the practice of marking initials.
Third, tongue twister practice
Fourth, the lyrics reading practice.
Summary of this chapter
The third chapter is the pronunciation and training of vowels in Putonghua.
Guidance before class
The pronunciation of vowels in the first section
First, the classification of vowels in Putonghua
Second, the pronunciation of vowels in Putonghua
Section 2 Training of Monovowels
First, the pronunciation description
Second, listening practice.
Third, the correct approach.
Fourth, the practice of reading words correctly
Five, word comparison exercises
Six, tongue twister practice
Seven, poetry reading exercises
The training of vowels in the third quarter
First, the pronunciation description
Second, listen to the sound discrimination exercises.
Third, pronunciation practice
Fourth, tongue twister practice
Verb (abbreviation for verb) prose and poetry reading exercises
The fourth quarter nasal rhyme training
First, the pronunciation description
Second, listen to the sound discrimination exercises.
Third, practice with vowel words (except for words with bullets)
Fourth, the comprehensive practice of front and back nasal vowels.
Five, word comparison exercises
Six, tongue twister practice
Section 5 Comprehensive training of vowel pronunciation
First, read the words by voice.
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The fourth chapter is the basic knowledge and training of Mandarin tones.
The fifth chapter is the basic knowledge and training of Putonghua phonetic change.
Chapter VI Basic knowledge and training of Mandarin reading aloud
Chapter VII Basic Requirements and Skills Training of Putonghua
Appendix 1 Reading materials of "Putonghua Proficiency Test Outline"
Appendix II Putonghua Proficiency Test Questions
Appendix III "Pronunciation Assessment Form for Different Pronunciation Words in Putonghua"
Appendix IV "Chinese Pinyin Scheme"
Appendix V Comparison Table of International Phonetic Alphabet and Chinese Pinyin
Main bibliography
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