2. Food hygiene. Children should eat fresh food, melons and fruits must be washed and boiled before eating, things that fall on the ground should be washed and eaten, and dishes and chopsticks should be boiled and disinfected. Also note that adults should not feed chewed food to children, because children have weak resistance to avoid infectious diseases.
3. Cultivate children to establish a correct concept of food culture. Since children can communicate simply, they should consciously introduce food sources, preparation, nutritional value, how to eat and how much to eat in ordinary games and exchanges.
Boiled water is the best drink for children. Drinking boiled water can not only meet children's physiological needs for water, but also provide children with some minerals and trace elements. No matter carbonated drinks, nutritious health drinks, or pure water and mineral water that many families are keen on at present, they are not suitable to replace tap water as people's main drinking water.
5. Expanded food is harmful to children's health. French fries, snow cakes, potato chips, shrimp strips, shrimp slices, chicken breast, chicken strips, corncob? It is children's favorite puffed food. The experiment shows that puffed food is delicious, but it belongs to food with high fat, high calorie and low crude fiber in terms of composition and structure. From the analysis of diet structure, there are certain defects and you can only eat it occasionally. Long-term consumption of puffed food will lead to high intake of oil and calories and insufficient intake of crude fiber. If you don't exercise enough, it will cause fat accumulation and obesity. Children often eat puffed food, which will affect the normal diet, leading to various nutrients can not be guaranteed and supplied, prone to malnutrition. Puffed food generally has high salt content and monosodium glutamate content, which may easily lead to high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases in children as adults.
6. It is not good to eat nutritional supplements regularly. Parents believe that giving children supplements will promote their growth and development, and they hope to improve their intelligence through supplements. So they will buy various nutritional supplements, such as ginseng, velvet antler, donkey-hide gelatin, cordyceps sinensis, pollen and other nutrients. I don't know, these supplements may be beneficial to adults, but they often cause many adverse consequences to children, such as loss of appetite and precocious puberty. Because these supplements contain hormones and trace active substances, they have an impact on children's normal physiological metabolism. If the child is indeed weaker than other children, it is best to use it dialectically under the guidance of a doctor and not to give it to the child at will, otherwise it will only help.
7. Eating jelly often is not good for children. Most jellies sold in the market are not made of fruits, but are made of thickeners such as sodium alginate, agar, gelatin and carrageenan, as well as a small amount of synthetic flavors, artificial colorants, sweeteners and acidulants. Although sodium alginate and agar are both dietary fibers, excessive absorption will affect the absorption of fat and protein, especially inorganic salts such as iron and zinc will combine into soluble or insoluble mixtures, thus affecting the absorption and utilization of these trace elements by human body.
8. Canned drinks are harmful to children. Pop cans popular with children are made of aluminum alloy. In order to avoid contact between aluminum alloy and beverage, its inner layer is coated with organic paint for isolation. In the production process of some manufacturers, the protective coating on the tank wall is not completely coated, or the coating is damaged during sealing, filling and transportation, which will lead to direct contact between the beverage and aluminum alloy, and aluminum ions will be dissolved in the beverage.
9. Create a harmonious family atmosphere Parents should create a harmonious family atmosphere for their children and let them feel the warmth of the family from an early age. Through the patient and meticulous care of parents, children's physical and mental needs are met, so that children can gradually realize their parents' love and gradually feel attached to their parents.
10. To make children feel the joy of life, we should pay attention to cultivating children's joy of life. Parents should create necessary conditions for their children when they can crawl and walk. When children are older, we should encourage them to explore, learn about nature, learn various skills, play with other children and let them feel the joy of life.
1 1. Cultivate children's courage to overcome difficulties. When children encounter setbacks or failures in kindergartens and schools, parents should patiently give guidance and help, educate their children to overcome difficulties, and gradually cultivate how to control and stabilize their emotions when they encounter setbacks and failures. Don't ignore it, let nature take its course, which is a great blow to the hearts of young children.
12. Screening of neonatal diseases Some genetic metabolic diseases and endocrine diseases have no symptoms at birth, but they can be screened, diagnosed early and treated in time to prevent symptoms and serious consequences. Common diseases in neonatal screening include phenylketonuria, galactosemia, congenital hypothyroidism and G-6-PD deficiency. In addition, there are maple syrup urine disease, cystinuria, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and so on. Because of the low incidence, the screening program has not been launched in China. The suitable time for blood screening is 72 hours after birth. Anyone with positive screening results must repeat the screening 1 ~ 2 times, with an interval of one week. Those who are positive for 2 ~ 3 times should be diagnosed by laboratory examination, and treatment can be started after diagnosis, usually within 1 ~ 3 months after birth, and should be followed up for a long time.
13, swallowing foreign body
An adult is sitting in a chair, and the baby is lying on his legs, with his upper chest and head drooping. Parents hold the child with one hand, and beat his back rhythmically between his shoulder blades with the other hand, so that the obstruction in the airway is out of position and he coughs. If necessary, give artificial respiration or external heart massage. Heimlich's first aid method: The soft tissue under the abdomen-diaphragm is suddenly impacted, which produces upward pressure and compresses the lower parts of both lungs, thus driving the residual air in the lungs to form airflow. This directional air flow with impact force directly driving the trachea can drive away foreign bodies such as food blocks blocking the trachea and throat and save lives.
14, scraping
Wash the wound with clean water or diluted disinfectant first, and then stop the bleeding. If the wound is deep and long, it is necessary to wrap the wound and its surroundings with sterile gauze, which can be wrapped a little tighter to stop bleeding; For wounds with more bleeding in limbs, the affected limb can be raised. After the initial dressing and hemostasis measures are completed, you should take your baby to see a doctor immediately.
15, wrestling
When you are injured in wrestling, immediately remove the blood and impurities in your mouth, then temporarily use gauze as a pad, put it on the tip of your chin and fix it with a narrow bandage or scarf. Tie both ends of the bandage in a flat knot on the top of your head. The bandage knot should be moderately elastic, which can not only hold the chin, but also make the baby's teeth not too tight, and then take the baby to the hospital.
16, pet bite
First, make sure the pet is under control. Wash the wound with running water for 5 minutes to ensure that the animal saliva is completely washed from the wound, wrap the wound with clean gauze and send it to the hospital immediately. As long as the skin is bitten, even if it is a small wound, you need to see a doctor and inject rabies vaccine.
17, carbon monoxide poisoning
First of all, turn off the gas supply, move the child to a place with fresh air, keep warm and don't catch a cold. Oxygen inhalation is the most important treatment measure, and children need to be sent to the hospital for professional treatment as soon as possible. If breathing and heartbeat have stopped, cardiopulmonary resuscitation must be performed immediately.
18, burn and scald
Rinse the affected area with cold water 10- 15 minutes (warm water for infants) to reduce the temperature. Take off the clothes that are not glued (don't tear them) to reduce skin damage. Then wrap the wound with clean cloth or gauze and take it to the hospital immediately. Don't apply any ointment yourself, and don't puncture the blister, so as not to affect further treatment.
19, drowning
Pay attention to remove the silt and dirt in the oral cavity to ensure the smooth airway. If there is still breathing, let the child lie on his side and let his mouth be at the lower end of his face to facilitate the flow of water. If there is respiratory cardiac arrest, artificial respiration and extra-cardiac massage should be performed immediately. At the same time, contact the ambulance (telephone 120 or 999) and send it to the hospital for further treatment as soon as possible. Remember not to try to shoot the water yourself, lest the water in the lungs spread to other parts.
20, get an electric shock
Turn off the power supply as soon as possible and use non-conductive objects (such as dry wooden sticks, bamboo poles, plastic chairs, etc.). ) to connect the wire or let the electric shock person leave the power supply. Check breathing and heartbeat. If the heartbeat stops, do artificial respiration and extra-cardiac massage in time. If the finger is plugged into the socket and gets an electric shock, then if there is a red dot on the finger, even if the baby looks fine, you should go to the hospital immediately, because the remaining power in the body may affect the normal work of the heart within 24 hours.