The July 7th Incident (1July 7th-3rd, 9371July 30th, 1937), also known as the Lugouqiao Incident, took place on July 7th, 937, which was the starting point of the full-scale outbreak in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China.
When the Japanese army was exercising near Lugou Bridge in the southwest of Beiping, at night, the Japanese army asked to enter Wanping County for investigation on the pretext that their soldiers were missing.
After being rejected by the Republic of China, the Japanese army launched an attack on Wanping County and Lugouqiao in the early morning of July 8, and the national army of the Republic of China resisted.
Only four people of the company stationed in the north of Lugouqiao survived, and the others died heroically. The July 7th Incident marked the beginning of Japan's full-scale invasion of China, the starting point of the Chinese nation's full-scale war of resistance, and also symbolized the beginning of the Second World War in Asia.
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Lugou Bridge is located on Yongding River, about15km southwest of Beiping City. It is not only the hub of the south, but also the throat of Beijing. It has been an important transportation hub and cargo distribution center since ancient times. According to historical records, since the Jin Dynasty, the hinterland of the Central Plains has to stop at Lugou Bridge, which is the only way for Beijing to enter and leave the hinterland of the Central Plains.
Once the Japanese invaders occupy Lugou Bridge, Beijing will be a dead city and North China will be at your fingertips. Wanping Ancient City, built at 1640, is a military fortress to defend Beijing. As a result, the Japanese army attacked the garrison, and the Japanese army resisted at Lugouqiao, which opened the prelude to the Sino-Japanese War.
The Lugouqiao Incident marked the beginning of the whole Chinese nation, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. After bloody sacrifice and arduous anti-Japanese war, China people finally surrendered unconditionally with1August, 945, and won a great victory in the national liberation war.
The "Lugouqiao Incident" and the eight-year Anti-Japanese War started from it are the only way for traditional China to turn into a modern nation-state. But in a wider space, its value goes beyond this.
It was not China who swallowed the humiliation, backed down, and stubbornly resisted Japanese imperialism. At the beginning of 1938, Stalin said frankly to visiting Sun Ke: "I know that China is fighting not only for itself, but also for the Soviet Union; The ultimate goal of the Japanese is to occupy the whole of Siberia until Lake Baikal. "
Later, the Japanese Kwantung Army dispatched tens of thousands of troops to fight the Soviet army at Nomenkan on the border between China and Mongolia, and launched two consecutive offensives, all of which failed. This means that when the Japanese army was deeply involved in the battlefield in China, it could not cooperate with the Germans to attack the Soviet Union from east to west, which led to the west and the western countries fighting in their own way without strategic cooperation.
1938 in may, British ambassador to China Carl put forward in a telegram: "we can't avoid the fact that, to some extent, China is fighting for themselves and for us, because only the failure of the Japanese can save us from the disaster that threatens our position in the far east." At the same time, British Foreign Secretary Halifax said in the memo: "China is fighting for all law-abiding countries."
China's choice, the struggle of weak countries, bravely facing its own historical destiny, changed the global pattern. Of course, China has a clear understanding of the role of Japanese imperialism in the "last-minute battle": "(China's war of resistance) is not only to seek national liberation and territorial sovereignty integrity, but actually to fight for the security of all countries in the world."
Regarding China's will to resist Japan, U.S. Treasury Secretary henry morgan Sow advocated: "unite with the Soviet Union to form an anti-Japanese United front among China, the Soviet Union, the United States and Britain." At this time, Admiral Yanel, commander of the American Asian Fleet, sent back a report to China, saying, "That's only because ... China blocked the Japanese legion in the war of resistance."
Three years after China's full-scale anti-Japanese war began, Britain defended Britain; Four years later, the Soviet Union started the Great Patriotic War. In four and a half years, the United States joined the anti-fascist war.
The aggressive ambition of the Axis of Japan, Germany and Italy began with Japan's invasion of the three northeastern provinces and North China, and finally formed the Second World War. This world war has profoundly changed the world pattern, and the world pattern so far is still the "legacy" of World War II.
At the same time, China was profoundly changed by this war. Xu Zhongyue commented: "Through the long-term anti-aggression struggle, China jumped from a semi-colonial country before the war to one of the five major countries and a founding member of the United Nations. In its modern history, China's international prestige has never been so lofty. "
China's modernization and its new appearance in the interactive relationship of the global pattern began with1937-"Determined to sacrifice everything." US President Roosevelt said: "We have not forgotten that in this war, the people of China stood up first to fight against the invaders."