Wushu is one of the traditional cultures in China, which has a history of thousands of years. Do you know what this is? The following is what I arranged for you: Welcome to read!

brief introduction

It is a series of action combinations with offensive and defensive significance. It is a set of practice forms based on the changing laws of offensive and defensive movements and contradictory movements such as offensive and defensive movements, dynamic and static movements, rigid and soft movements, also known as "routine movements". Various schools of China Wushu have many routines that show their own characteristics, and most of them are gradual. Beginners and people who have practiced for a long time learn different routines. Routine is a unique form of China Wushu, and it is also a major technical feature that distinguishes it from other Wushu. But the core of Wushu is not routine, but physical exercise, few but fine techniques and reactions. Putting kung fu on routines is an inefficient practice method for real martial arts.

Color development method

There is still a lack of unified understanding of the reasons for the China-like stick performance in Wushu competitions.

1, the reason of routine is to improve soldiers' physical fitness and enhance their combat effectiveness; Or add artistic elements to the performance.

2. Routine is to store the offensive and defensive movements of Wushu as the basic training means of Wushu. Some people start from the traditional etiquette in China and think it is out of politeness. The development motivation of routine sports

The motive force of development should be expounded from three aspects: human physiological needs, psychological needs and the social function of Wushu itself.

A career of development

In primitive society, low productivity and huge fierce beasts are a great threat to the survival of primitive people. Hunting is a necessary activity for primitive human survival. Hunters are also soldiers, weapons in battle, that is, hunting tools. The harsh living conditions force human beings to constantly improve their physical strength and intelligence, and develop the offensive and defensive fighting skills with bare hands or simple weapons in the process of collective labor and tribal wars. Such as kicking, dodging, jumping, falling, etc. This is the bud of boxing. Split, split, stab, stab and pull are the seeds of the use of long and short instruments in Wushu. It can be seen that Wushu originated from productive labor.

After the victory of the war or during the labor break, people often perform the winning skills of fighting and hunting in the form of "dance" to win honor. In this form of "dance", offensive and defensive actions are abstractly reproduced, with the purpose of expressing one's feelings or performing offensive and defensive methods. There is no fixed action standard for the successful use of one punch, one leg, one blow and one stab in war. So in the process of dance practice, there is no hard and fast procedure. After a long history, with the development of social material production, people's fighting dance methods are constantly improving. This kind of dance practice without programs has gradually become a "martial dance" with programs and themes. In the future, with more and more artistic factors of "dance", the offensive and defensive fighting factors of "Wu" decreased, which became an artistic activity that people particularly appreciated, and the dance practice forms and rich practice skills in "Wu" became the main content of routine skills in the future.

Emergence and development

As an artificial art, the emergence and development of Wushu routines are bound to be restricted and promoted by human beings. After people meet the most basic physiological needs and maintain their lives, psychological needs also follow. The satisfaction of psychological needs is also the satisfaction of people's various tastes, which is not constant, but develops with the development of social material production. As an art, sports will change with people's aesthetic taste if it wants to develop continuously, which is the inevitable law of its existence and development.

In primitive society, due to low productivity and numerous wars, "martial arts dance" is a refined martial arts action, but it is still close to actual combat. In the Tang Dynasty, where the ancient culture of China was highly developed, the national strength was strong, the economy was prosperous, foreign trade was developed, and cultural exchanges were frequent, which created favorable conditions for the prosperity of various arts. From the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's "Watching Gong Sundaniang's Disciples Dance Sword", we can see the characteristics and nature of "Wushu Dance" at that time. "Many years ago, there was a beautiful Gongsun. She danced her dagger and attracted from all directions. It was depressing to look at the mountain and the world was low ..." From this poem, we can see the difference between it and the primitive society's "martial dance". That is, the "martial arts dance" in primitive society has practical significance, while the latter mainly focuses on expressing artistic effects. Of course, we can think that this is related to the development of social material production level and people's aesthetic level.

Routine is composed of many continuous technical and artistic movements. People can not only get the feeling of external formal beauty from these movements, but also get the feeling of artistic beauty like traditional Chinese painting from the comparison of the strength, speed and ups and downs of the movements, which makes people have unlimited associations. This kind of association can express people's feelings and get a pleasant emotional experience. Routine not only has high appreciation value, but also has strong fitness value. Its fitness value, like appreciation value, has been recognized by people since the day when the routine sprouted. It is the need of people's fitness and art appreciation that makes it come into being and develop.

cause

Originated from attack and defense, we can prove that most actions reflect the methods of attack and defense, but it is different from attack and defense. If the movements in the routine are used in actual combat, it obviously does not meet the needs of practice. Therefore, routine is not equal to actual attack and defense, it is a series of arrangements for people to transform, sort out and refine martial arts movements before adding other artistic content. With the development of the times, the material production has become more and more abundant, and the routine content and various exercise skills have become more and more diverse, so Mulan Boxing, an ornamental and fitness boxing with little practical technical significance, has emerged.

There is no requirement of actual combat and attack for the actions that make up the routine content, which determines the development direction of the routine. Before the routine was completely formed, it can be seen from the historical documents that the embryonic form of or mostly appeared in the form of "martial dance" or "healthy dance", such as Ganqi dance, Donghai Huanggong and Po. These scenes related to martial arts are all processed and refined from actual combat actions, and the purpose of martial arts dance is: first, to stretch people's bones and muscles and exercise their bodies; The second is to express life, stimulate people's emotions from the reappearance of past wars and struggles, and make people enjoy beauty.

Most of the contents of routines are based on Wushu, so the development of Wushu will undoubtedly promote the development of its form-routines. At the turn of the Yin and Zhou Dynasties, a simple theory of materialism of Yin-Yang and Five Elements appeared. Yue Nv was a folk martial artist during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was one of the predecessors who applied the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements to martial arts in ancient times. In Wu Yue Chun Qiu, Yue Nv talked about the way of casting swords, and brilliantly expounded the dialectical relationship between motion and stillness, speed and slowness, attack and defense, emptiness and reality, opposition and obedience. This simple dialectics of Yin and Yang, an ancient philosophy, has greatly promoted the practice style of routines in the future. Later generations applied the theory of Yin and Yang in actual combat to the routine and reformed it to serve the effect of the routine. It is not difficult to see the great role of this influence from the characteristics of the rhythm transformation of today's routines, such as "combining rigidity with softness, the combination of reality and falsehood, the combination of motion and static, and ups and downs". It is with the participation of this rhythm that the routine can fully show the artistic effect and appeal of the meaning of attack and defense, making it more in line with people's fitness and aesthetic needs. In the process of performance and practice, the gait, action, posture and action combination organized by this rhythm are actually the main hints of action meaning in routine performance, which infects viewers and practitioners from the visual and ontological sense, thus directly feeling the meaning of routine action from routine practice. Therefore, the existence of routine function is the fundamental motivation for its emergence and development.

Be perfected

People are used to calling Wushu a national traditional sport, which is actually defined by modern people from the perspective of modern social consciousness. China Wushu has been deeply influenced by China's traditional culture and religious thought for thousands of years, and restricted by China's backward feudal society, productivity development level and its social environment. It is a means of fighting and a form of mass entertainment, at least before modern sports were introduced into China. Therefore, Wushu can't be one of the contents of modern sports until it is standardized by modern sports. Strictly speaking, this situation only changed after the founding of New China. The transformation of Wushu's social function is the choice people make to Wushu according to the needs of modern society. The practicality of Wushu can only be the same as the purpose of other sports today, so that exercise can achieve self-physical and mental exercise, just as the purpose of learning boxing in the West is not to fight, but to compete and keep fit. Only in this way can martial arts be accepted by most people.

The sports we need in today's society should be a form of physical exercise that combines China's traditional martial arts with western modern sports. It can be traditional and national in content, but it must be modern and universal in form. As a standardized sports event, it is possible to be accepted by people living in other cultural traditions. As a traditional means of fighting, Wushu has gradually disappeared, which is the reality that we must face in the development of sports today. When inheriting and carrying forward the precious heritage of national traditions, we must stand at the height of the times. For tradition, we must clearly realize that traditional things are only the embellishment of modern society. Because modern people and modern society are constantly creating and forming new traditions, this new tradition is closer to them and more practical. People will treat Wushu with the same attitude, so the only way out is to develop sports from the actual needs of modern society, to the Olympic Games, and to become a good fitness sport accepted by more nationalities in the world.

To sum up, people's physiological needs and psychological needs enable the emergence and development of sports, and the formation and improvement of sports is directly related to the progress and development of society. Primitive humans struggled for survival in the struggle with nature. With the development of productivity and social material production, people are gradually liberated from heavy manual labor, and must and will continue to develop with the development of the times. This development direction is directly related to people's needs, that is, people's needs determine the development direction. ?