Lead: Chinese is the most important communication tool, the foundation of other disciplines, and is most closely related to our lives. So how should we learn Chinese well? Let's get to know it together! "If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first." To learn Chinese well, he must master the methods to get twice the result with half the effort. Einstein, a great scientist, once said a famous saying about the secret of success: w=x y z, where w stands for success, x stands for scientific method, y stands for unremitting efforts, and z stands for less empty talk. It can be seen how important scientific methods are to success, and so is learning Chinese. The new curriculum standard advocates independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods, and emphasizes the cultivation of students' innovative spirit and practical ability, so that students can have the methods and abilities of lifelong learning. That depends on whether you have a good study method. The author has made a bold attempt in teaching practice, and thinks that there are roughly ten ways to learn Chinese well under the new curriculum standard: First, conditional analysis. The process of Chinese teaching often involves the analysis of characters' personalities, thoughts and psychology. In this analysis, sometimes context analysis is used, sometimes background analysis is used, and in most cases conditional analysis is used. The so-called conditional analysis is to analyze the present situation of the objective environment in which the characters live. For example, the description of Kong Yiji's appearance in Kong Yiji reflects the objective situation of Kong Yiji's life. "He is tall; Blue and white face, often with some scars between wrinkles; A shaggy gray beard. Although wearing a gown, it is dirty and torn. It seems that it has not been washed for more than ten years. " By analyzing the present situation of the characters in the described sentence order, we can draw the following judgments: Kong Yi is "tall", which shows that he has the ability to work; "Green and white face" is caused by long-term non-participation in labor and malnutrition; "Shaggy white beard" means that he is old and depressed; The robe "dirty and torn, as if it had not been mended or washed for more than ten years" shows his poverty, laziness and poor life. Kong Yi once said to people, "He is always full of big talk, which makes people half understand." It shows that he was deeply poisoned by feudal education. The premise of guiding the analysis of students' learning conditions is that students master the contents of the conditions, which requires guiding students to read carefully before guiding the analysis. Second, causal analysis. The question of "why" often appears in the text analysis of Chinese teaching. This is essentially the reason for exploring the phenomenon. Answering such questions often requires thinking backwards from the result to the cause. When it comes to cause analysis, it is to guide students to learn from objective to subjective analysis methods. The analysis of objective reasons involves the identity and ideological character of the characters themselves. For example, in the article "Who is the cutest person", why did Ma Yuxiang ask to be transferred from the artillery company to the infantry company? It is necessary to analyze the subjective and objective reasons. Objectively speaking, it is because he witnessed the scene of the old Korean mother crying because her house and shack were destroyed by enemy planes, which aroused his deep hatred for the enemy. Subjectively speaking, young soldiers are eager to directly attack the enemy and avenge the Korean people, thus showing strong patriotism and internationalism. Third, correlation analysis. Association is an extended thinking method based on existing knowledge. Guiding students to carry out associative analysis in Chinese class is not only helpful to study and consolidate previous knowledge, but also helpful to develop students' thinking ability. In the teaching process, students can be guided to make associative analysis of related text topics from topic to meaning. For example, through the association analysis of the subject "March into the desert", students can think of: ① Why March into the desert; (2) How to March into the desert; (3) What is the prospect of marching? In addition, it is related to analysis, which should belong to an expository text. Through the associative analysis of the topic of "opposing liberalism", students can be associated with: ① what is liberalism; ② Why should we oppose liberalism? (3) How to oppose liberalism, and then think that this is an argumentative paper that shows the author's point of view. Of course, students' club activities are based on their knowledge reserves. The analysis of the text content can also guide students to make reasonable associations. For example, at the end of the lesson "Kong Yiji", based on the characters of Kong Yiji's last drinking, students are guided to make an association analysis of his final ending, and naturally they can appreciate the tragic fate of Kong Yiji being swallowed up by the dark society. Fourth, encourage analysis. Confucius said: "Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous". Learning and thinking are inseparable twins. Thinking plays an important role in learning. In classroom teaching, teachers should pay full attention to students and optimize the way of asking questions, so as to guide students to constantly find and analyze problems and solve them. Let students walk into the teaching materials with questions, and take the teaching materials to the teachers, so as to lay a solid foundation for students' lifelong development. As the saying goes, "if you don't know the goods, you are afraid to shop around." Chinese learning is not like this. By putting two articles or two similar sentences together and asking students to comment, it is helpful to improve students' ability to sum up problems and deepen their understanding of the works. For example, Fan Jinzhong's plays have the same theme as Kong Yiji's, but there are many differences in the way writers describe the characters, their attitudes towards the protagonists and their personalities. After discussion and comparison, the students come to the conclusion that the former mainly describes the protagonist with multi-level details and side contrast, while the latter describes Kong Yiji with appearance, language and movements. There are also many differences in the protagonist's personality. Although they were all poisoned by the feudal imperial examination system and pursued fame and fortune, Jin Fan also showed humility, cunning and even hypocrisy. Kong Yiji is kind. The two writers have different attitudes towards the two characters. The former is mainly criticism and ridicule. In addition to criticism, the latter also has sympathy, that is, an attitude of "mourning its misfortune and angering it." Another example is The Story of Yueyang Tower and The Story of Drunk Pavilion, both excellent essays in ancient works, which were written when the author was relegated, but there are many differences in thoughts and aspirations. In view of these problems, if teachers can guide students to compare, analyze and summarize, students will certainly deepen their understanding of the works. Fifth, the auxiliary methods of audio-visual education. Gorky said: "Art works are not narratives, but use images and pictures to describe reality." The new curriculum pays attention to the mutual penetration of various disciplines and advocates making full use of various modern scientific and technological means. Teachers should work hard in these aspects, constantly enrich their knowledge of various subjects, learn to use and make multimedia courseware, and make full use of audio-visual teaching equipment to make Chinese classroom teaching more colorful. For example, if Haiyan is taught in the traditional way, teachers often have to spend some time on "self-demonstration" or preparing for recording, and in the course of class, they have to orally ask students many questions about pause, stress, words, speed and rhythm. The use of computer multimedia teaching is different. We can mark poems on the screen, add notes next to various symbols, match the pictures and recordings of the vast sea or petrels flying and singing, and add vivid music reading, so that students will not only learn reading skills such as pause, lightness, speed and intonation, but also cultivate their sentiment. Through the use of computer multimedia, the teaching materials become vivid, dynamic and static, so that students' learning initiative can be brought into play and their thinking and imagination can be developed, thus improving learning efficiency. Sixth, there is no doubt about the rule of doubt. A paragraph of text, a paragraph of text, sometimes looks very clear, there seems to be no doubt, but careful scrutiny often has its profound connotation or deep writer feelings. Teachers should guide students to find these problems. For example, in Zhong You, the names of Butcher Hu are different before and after Zhong You. It was called "father-in-law" before Zhongju, and "father" after Zhongju. This detail is ignored by many students. Teachers can ask students to explore why they changed their names to Butcher Hu, from which we can see what kind of person they are. Through thinking, students consciously understand that Jin Fan is not a simple scholar. From this change of address, we can see that Jin Fan is a very talented person, and his feelings are not easy to show. This kind of people are still crazy after reading the newspaper, which shows that the feudal imperial examination system has poisoned the scholars deeply. Another example is "Selected Works of Mayor Chen Yi", in which the phrase "chat for no more than three minutes" appears many times. Teachers can design such a question: "What is the purpose of the author writing so many times?" After thinking, the students found that the author mainly used this sentence to publicize the story and serve the image of Qi, a patriotic intellectual. Through repeated training, students can learn to find problems without doubt. Seven, there are doubts. Divergent thinking is an important guarantee for students' innovative ability, and teachers can cultivate students' divergent thinking by questioning the doubtful points in the article. For example, when analyzing the image of Zhuang Gong in the debate, teachers can design such questions: What are the shortcomings of Lu Zhuang Gong as a monarch? What else is worth affirming? The answer to the first question is basically the same. Before the war, he pinned the conditions for winning on his trusted ministers and gods, which showed his political incompetence; The battle of the long spoon, "beating gongs and drums" and "beating the pool" also showed his military ignorance. After the war, he still didn't understand the reason for his victory, so he was "underestimating the enemy". The students argued endlessly about the second question. Through discussion and exploration, they basically reached a consensus that they could meet Cao Gui before the war and listen to Cao Gui's opinions during the war, which showed that he was a more enlightened monarch. Some students said that he was short-sighted because he didn't know the reason for winning. Some people say that he is a shameless monarch. The reason is that as a monarch, if he doesn't understand, he dares to ask Cao Gui for advice. It can be said that different people have different opinions. The teachers finally affirmed their views. The teacher concluded that there are many similar places in the work that are worth discussing. Students should polish their eyes and think about the problem from multiple angles. Through repeated training, we can cultivate students' questioning ability and promote the development of students' divergent thinking, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating students' innovative ability. Eight, the memory method of songs. The content of reciting songs is quite extensive. As long as you are good at summing up, you will get better results. For example, we can use rhyming methods to help students remember the special words of "Yi", "Ji" and "". Use the Song formula of "noun-verb-form, quantity-generation, auxiliary word-introduction-auxiliary word-exclamation-imitation" to help students remember the twelve major parts of speech; By using the rhyme "exclamatory sentence is placed at the beginning of the sentence, word gang is placed at the end of the sentence" and "adverb is placed before verb and preposition is placed before noun", students can understand the difference between exclamatory sentence and modal particles, adverbs and prepositions. By using the rhyme "attribute must come before subject and object, predicate before predicate, predicate after complement" and "de" to define "ground" and "de" after complement, students can master the division of sentence components. Help students master the basic methods and ideas of analyzing the meaning of words or sentences with the rhyme of "original meaning, extension, rhetorical meaning and center analysis"; With the rhyme formula of "union of total score, spatio-temporal logic, central sentence and self-generalization", students are prompted to analyze the paragraphs of the article at the structural level, and the meanings of paragraphs and levels are refined and summarized ... In short, the rhyme formula can help students strengthen their memory and prompt them to solve problems, and its application range is very wide. This learning method is also very effective in helping students to resist forgetting. Memorizing songs and rhymes is much faster and easier than memorizing specific knowledge materials, and as long as you are familiar with reciting songs and rhymes, it can also show rapid and effective characteristics in future extraction and application. The writing of songs can be done by teachers or by guiding and encouraging students. In essence, the process of students compiling formulas is also the process of students chewing, digesting, summarizing and refining relevant knowledge repeatedly; It helps students to sort out knowledge and train their thinking. Nine, the establishment of self-confidence method. In order to improve Chinese performance, students should first establish self-confidence besides being interested in learning Chinese. Emerson once said: "Self-confidence is the first secret of success"; "Where there is a will, there is a way"; I have always used this as a guide to guide students' actions. As we all know, the vast majority of students have poor Chinese foundation, which leads to little interest in Chinese subjects and poor Chinese performance. How can we change this situation? There should be a process from shallow to deep. In class, try to ask some simple questions for students to answer, build up students' self-confidence, and make students feel that Chinese is not difficult. I have been doing this experiment in class. Students are asked to answer each question or write it on the blackboard. If other students have different opinions, they can express their different opinions at any time, whether it is right or wrong, and then comment until no one answers. Correct praise and mistakes help them analyze the reasons and find out the root causes. In this way, students' enthusiasm is high, their self-confidence is gained, the classroom atmosphere is also active, their initiative in learning Chinese is enhanced and their grades are naturally improved. Secondly, guide students to write their own test questions (referring to basic knowledge), draw lots for exams, and read papers from each other, so as to determine qualified scores or make-up exams. I think this method is also good for improving students' Chinese scores. The truth that "practice makes perfect" can be fully reflected here. By setting questions and marking papers, students are guided to learn Chinese, and the process of reading, doing homework and reviewing is invisibly guided with goals. Some students said to me, "Teacher, it is a pleasure to give out examination questions." . In this way, students feel active and interested, and at the same time encourage students who are lazy in doing things and thinking. In addition, the lottery examination also mobilized students' enthusiasm, enhanced their initiative and increased their interest. If you can see the students' expectant eyes and mysterious expressions when drawing lots, you may also laugh unconsciously. Everyone hopes to get problems from students at the same level, because the problems of poor students may be shallow, and the problems of students with good grades are deeper. If poor students draw questions from classmates with good grades, it will be miserable. The reason is that if you want to make up the exam, it's nothing. Just review it again. In fact, it is also a good way to consolidate Chinese knowledge, and even qualified students accompany you to make-up exams. After a semester of training, a student in my class scored 36 points in Chinese when he entered school, and his final exam score increased to 56 points, which made rapid progress. The classmates at the same level asked him what tricks he had, and he said, "I took the exam myself and helped me." Ten, writing review method. The most important thing in composition is to read more books. When reading a book, don't just pay attention to what it writes, don't talk about the matter, but pay attention to the way it describes and the way of thinking. Nowadays, students pay great attention to the flexible use of composition, so when writing a composition, you should spread out what you want to write, dare to write what you want to write, and stop writing things that look like model essays, making people feel that only you can write this article well. When writing to reflect your own characteristics, you should be careful not to write negative things, but to write positive things. Sometimes, the teacher will not give points because what you write is too negative, even if what you write is correct. Whether a composition is well written directly affects the level of Chinese performance, and it can't be improved in one day. All kinds of characters and events that students encounter in real life can be sorted out in the review, and valuable materials can be made into "semi-finished products" for you to choose according to the requirements of the topic when using; You can also choose representative articles in various styles to read, and carefully analyze their advantages in topic selection, conception, material selection and article planning, so as to master some writing skills and improve the ability of improvisation. In short, learning must be good at summing up; We must persevere in our study. As the saying goes, "a drop of water wears away a stone" and "one bite won't make you fat". Finally, give the famous educator Tao Xingzhi's Ten Tips for Reading to middle school students. If implemented, it will definitely benefit students. (1) order, from shallow to deep, step by step; (2) Diligence, industry is good at diligence, and abandon play; (3) Perseverance, perseverance, perseverance; (4) Bo, starting from the essence, reading extensively; 5] Ask, don't be ashamed to ask; (doubt before enlightenment) [6] remember, move more pen and ink and take more notes; (7) learning, reviewing old things and learning new things; Professional, dedicated and broad-minded (contact with nature); Levies, think more, apply what you have learned; ⑽ Innovation, and so on, dare to innovate.