Article 1
abstract
College life is an important stage of learning knowledge and growing up, and it is also an important stage of forming good eating habits. It is of great significance to master certain nutrition knowledge and form good eating habits at this stage to promote growth and ensure good health. Especially for contemporary college students, the mission entrusted to us by the times requires us to have a healthy body and be full of vigor and vitality of warm-blooded young people in order to become the pillars of the country. Then, paying attention to ourselves and health has become a problem that we can't ignore. This paper comprehensively discusses the current college students' dietary nutrition from three aspects: the general situation of college students' dietary nutrition, the role of college students' balanced diet and the countermeasures to improve their dietary quality, in order to enhance their awareness of balanced diet nutrition.
key word
Dietary nutrition; Health; General situation; measure
order
The word "nutrition" comes from Latin, which means "breastfeeding". Nutrition is the material basis for human beings to maintain life and meet the energy needs of survival, study and work. In the field of nutrition, the whole process of food intake, digestion, absorption and utilization is usually called nutrition. Nutrients refer to substances that ensure human growth, development, reproduction and maintain a healthy life, among which the most important nutrients are carbohydrates, protein, fat, water, minerals and vitamins. College students are a special youth group, which is in the middle and late stage of growth and development. They are lively and active, exercise a lot, plus heavy mental work and intense study, which is the period when they need nutrition most in their lives. But at present, Chinese college students know little about the source of nutrients and food classification, and they don't know how to mix nutrients. There are many nutritional problems, which will affect the growth and study of college students.
First, the standard of measuring self-health
Health is not only a physical disability, but also a complete physical, psychological and social adaptability. Health standard: energetic, able to undertake daily life and heavy work calmly, not feeling too nervous and tired, optimistic and positive, willing to take responsibility, not picky, good at rest, good at sleep, strong adaptability, able to adapt to various changes in the external environment, able to resist common colds and infectious diseases, moderate weight, well-proportioned figure, coordinated head, shoulders and arms when standing, bright eyes and quick response. Four cornerstones of health: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, quitting smoking and drinking, and psychological balance.
Main problems in diet and nutrition of college students in our university
Du, president of the Student Nutrition and Health Promotion Association, pointed out that there are three main problems in the nutrition and health status of students in China: First, lack of nutrition knowledge and unscientific eating habits. Second, the diet structure is unreasonable. The energy supply ratio of cereals and protein is low, while that of urban school-age children and adolescents is high. Insufficient nutrition intake. There is a general lack of micronutrients such as calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A. Third, lack of physical activity. Unhealthy lifestyles, such as skipping breakfast, eating out, drinking and smoking, have increasingly prominent effects on health.
1 Lack of nutrition knowledge.
With the rapid development of national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, more and more people begin to pay attention to diet and nutrition. With the popularization of nutrition science knowledge and the publicity and education of nutrition and hygiene, people have a further understanding of balanced diet nutrition and hygiene. First of all, the diet should contain all the nutrients necessary for the human body, such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, inorganic salts and water. Secondly, the intake of food should be conducive to digestion, absorption and utilization, fresh and pollution-free, and reasonable production and processing can stimulate appetite and diversify color, fragrance, taste and taste. At the same time, the calories of three meals a day should be reasonably distributed. According to the recommendation of China Nutrition Society, breakfast accounts for 30% of the total calories in the whole day. College students in our school generally lack nutrition knowledge and the malnutrition rate is high. College students lack nutrition knowledge, and their performances are different among students of different majors. Generally speaking, girls have better nutrition knowledge than boys.
2 Eating habits are unscientific
After entering the university, the daily diet of college students is controlled by the students themselves. Many students' living habits are extremely unscientific, mainly as follows: 1. Most college students have irregular diets, and the amount and time of three meals a day are often irregular. Most students don't have the habit of eating three meals regularly, and most of them don't eat in the school cafeteria. Many college students don't pay attention to breakfast, but the phenomenon of eating supper and snacks is common, the distribution of three meals is unreasonable, and the calorie intake of each meal is uneven.
2. After entering the university, many college students like to eat cold drinks, and sugar addiction phenomenon is obvious. The sugar intake of male and female college students generally greatly exceeds the standard supply, which makes them gain weight and have the idea of losing weight, and most of them are girls. 3. A considerable number of students, especially juniors, have the habit of indulging in internet cafes, often staying out for bread nights, and their physical fitness drops sharply. I often skip classes, even if I attend classes, I am mentally exhausted and can't concentrate on listening. College students often drink drinks instead of milk and fruit, and often overeat and so on. The lack of good study and living habits also directly affects the unscientific and irregular eating habits of students. What is particularly serious is that many students think they are young and don't pay enough attention to their temporary discomfort. I don't know if these problems will break out when they accumulate to a certain extent.
3 unreasonable diet structure
On the basis of China's traditional dietary pattern, the Nutrition Society of China recently formulated a reasonable dietary composition index for adults in China and recommended it to the people all over the country. The dietary composition index is as follows: adults consume grain 14 kg, potatoes 3kg, beans 1 kg, meat 1 5 kg, fish 500 g, vegetable oil 250g, eggs 500 g, milk 2 kg, vegetables 12 kg and fruit 3 kg per month. In this way, the average daily total energy intake is 10 MJ, which can achieve the basic balance of dietary nutrition. At present, the diet of college boys is mainly cereals and their products, followed by vegetables, melons and eggplant, and the rest are livestock meat, beans and their products. The diet of girls is mainly vegetables, melons, eggplant, cereals and their products, followed by livestock meat, beans and their products. The intake of vegetables, fruits, fish, milk and eggs for boys and girls does not meet the requirements, indicating that the dietary composition is not reasonable enough. The student canteen should increase the supply of these foods to meet the requirements of students' reasonable dietary structure.
Second, the role of college students' balanced diet
The main nutrients needed by human body are carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, inorganic salts, water and dietary fiber, which have important physiological functions for human body. For college students, ensuring scientific nutrition and balanced diet has the following functions.
It can replenish physical strength and enhance memory.
College students are a special group. They are in adolescence, with vigorous metabolism, lively activities and a lot of exercise. At the same time, their growth and development, learning efficiency, living ability and disease resistance, labor efficiency and sports ability are closely related to nutrition and health. If you are malnourished, it will not only affect your health, but also your study and life. Scientific research shows that properly improving the nutritional status and making the diet structure as balanced as possible may have a beneficial impact on the full play of long-term memory.
Second, keep fit and prevent diseases.
Diet balance is equivalent to a kind of food supplement, on the one hand, it supplements deficiency, that is, it supplements the deficiency of qi and blood in the body; On the other hand, it can enhance the immune ability of the body and reduce the occurrence of diseases. Food supplement is mainly nourishing, supplemented by treatment. It perfectly combines dietary nutrition and drug therapy, which can not only enjoy delicious food, but also achieve the effects of strengthening the body and preventing and treating diseases. The most important thing is that food tonic is better than medicine tonic, both ancient and modern. Through reasonable nutrition and physical exercise, it helps to reduce heart disease, diabetes and cancer. At the same time, eating foods rich in vitamin C, vitamin E and carotene can slow down the aging of panels and avoid the troubles of age-related diseases.
Third, ease the mood and adjust the mood.
College students are often not calm, impulsive, angry, and bored with some boring courses, which is not good for study or health. There are some nutrients in the food that the human body ingests that can improve people's mood and make people relaxed and happy. Such as spinach rich in magnesium, can relax people's body and mind; Eggs, rich in choline, help to improve memory and attention; Melon seeds help to calm down. Let college students know this knowledge, which has a certain effect on relieving mood and regulating mood.
Third, measures to improve the quality of college students' diet
First of all, we should strengthen the education of nutrition and health knowledge for college students.
It is suggested that our school should offer more elective courses in diet and nutrition, so that they can understand nutrition and hygiene, guide and help college students to establish self-care awareness and develop good eating habits. At the same time, the canteen should be equipped with high-level nutritionists and chefs, strengthen management, continuously improve the nutritional level of the diet, and ensure the healthy diet of college students. The knowledge of diet and health should be added to the teaching in physical education class in time and included in the physical education examination, accounting for a certain proportion. Through these measures, the purpose is to make students pay attention to the importance of eating habits to physical and mental health. Obviously, strengthening nutrition education, popularizing nutrition knowledge and forming scientific and healthy eating habits can reduce the occurrence of various nutritional diseases and enhance the physical quality of the people. Combined with the current situation and existing problems in the daily life of college students in China, we can see that paying attention to and improving the nutritional health of college students has an important impact on the economic, technological and civilized development of individuals, countries and even society.
the second
With the improvement of living standards, people pay more and more attention to their own health. Whether old, middle-aged or teenagers, while pursuing health, dietary nutrition is a necessary condition for pursuing health. Undoubtedly, college students, as outstanding youth groups, are the hope of the motherland in the future, and their quality level will directly affect the future development of our country. Nutrition is the material basis of high-quality talents, so college students have healthy eating behavior and good nutritional status, which is the necessary premise and foundation to adapt to future social competition.
College students; Diet; Nutrition and health
Our country has always attached importance to the nutritional and health status of students. Relevant surveys also show that in recent years, the nutritional status of Chinese people is improving year by year, and related diseases are also decreasing year by year. But because students are a special group, they have also been studied by many researchers. A href ='' target =' _ blank'> Keba Tomb Ⅲ? Hey? Is he scratching? What about southern Tatar? Is there a title? Puу capsule? Does Chen Mao also climb and dive? Scar curtains? Turn? What did Moody write? Ч? /p & gt；
The current situation of college students' nutrition and health keeps ringing at the first class every morning. College students with breakfast in one hand and books in the other quickly shuttled through the teaching building, having a few drinks, and finished their breakfast. This phenomenon exists in almost every university. Nutritionists say that when eating, the parasympathetic nerve in charge of logistics in the human body is excited, so the functions of digestive tract and digestive gland become active, blood supply increases, exercise increases and secretion increases. At this time, if you do exercise, a lot of blood will be supplied to skeletal muscle, which will make the digestive system lack of blood supply and cause digestive absorption disorders. Especially in the morning, the energy level in the body is very low, so we should have a good dining environment and atmosphere, and we should not eat while walking. College students try to have breakfast in the canteen or dormitory, and don't eat it all at once. Eating breakfast in a hurry for a long time will not only cause gastrointestinal discomfort, but also cause malnutrition. Experts also said that people's nutritional status can reflect the situation of the whole country, which is the embodiment of a country's economic and material development. Therefore, it is very important to monitor people's nutrition, especially the nutrition of college students, which is the future development of the country and should be paid attention to.
Irregular diet is one of the main factors affecting the health of college students. Relevant data show that in recent years, irregular diet has become one of the main factors that form the sub-health state of college students. College students obviously don't know enough about the importance of drinking a reasonable diet and balanced nutritious food, and irregular diet is one of the main causes of digestive system diseases. According to relevant data, the proportion of students with irregular diet has accounted for 4 1.9% respectively. Long-term irregular diet will not only cause malnutrition and affect the quality of sleep, but also affect the regulation of neurohumors and endocrine, which will have a great negative impact on students' health.
200 1 nutritionist Sun Jianhua's investigation and analysis on the diet, nutrition and health status of college students in Shanghai shows that he is picky eaters and partial eaters, and many people have hobbies for certain foods. Protein intake of female students is low, especially animal protein intake is low. In 2005, nutritionist Xin Bifen investigated the nutritional status of Central South University. The results show that the malnutrition rate of Central South University students is 19.9%, and the obesity rate is 26.3%. The intake of dietary protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins A, B2, C and calcium is equivalent to the standard. In 2005, Deng Jie's investigation on the nutritional status of college students in Nanjing showed that 36.9% were well-nourished, 52.6% were malnourished and 0.5% were overnourished. In this paper, the questionnaire data about college students' nutrition knowledge, attitude and eating behavior in recent years were consulted. The statistical results show that most students lack nutrition knowledge, and some students have bad nutrition behaviors, such as skipping breakfast and often eating snacks. In order to sleep more, there are diners everywhere. Many students have the habit of skipping breakfast. Eat more at noon and evening, thinking that you can make up for the nutrition of breakfast. Some female college students, considering fitness, have also developed the habit of skipping breakfast for a long time. They can still eat on time at noon, but they are also worried that dinner will get fat, so they have to eat it bit by bit. I don't know if it's cooked. In the long run, the loss of this kind of nutrition and the lack of the most basic nutritious food will do great harm. First, the damage to the brain. Although the weight of brain tissue only accounts for 2-3% of human body weight, the blood flow of brain is about 800ml per minute, the oxygen consumption is about 45ml per minute, and the sugar consumption is about 5g per hour. Second, the harm to the digestive system. Under normal circumstances, the food eaten the night before is emptied from the stomach into the intestine after about six hours. If you don't eat breakfast the next day, the stomach acid and various digestive enzymes will "digest" the gastric mucosa. In the long run, the normal function of cells secreting mucus will be destroyed, which will easily cause digestive system diseases such as gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Third, closer to the obese: once the human body realizes the lack of nutrition, it first consumes carbohydrates and protein, and finally consumes fat, so don't think that skipping breakfast will promote the consumption of fat. On the contrary, skipping breakfast will make you eat more for lunch and dinner. Instead of losing weight, you will get fat. Dietary nutrition is a prerequisite for college students' physical development. Experts suggest that breakfast must be eaten on time, not too fast. Try to eat in the canteen. Compared with the restaurants around the school, the dining environment in the canteen is much better. Besides, it is wrong to lose weight without breakfast. Don't think that skipping breakfast can reduce calories and lose weight. According to nutritionists, breakfast is the most difficult meal for everyone to turn into fat in a day. Don't eat breakfast every day, just eat more lunch. The best ratio of breakfast, lunch and dinner is 3: 2: 1, so that the essence you eat in one day can be consumed at the most vigorous time.
Colleges and universities should strive to create a good campus cultural atmosphere suitable for students' physical and mental characteristics, form a relaxed and orderly amateur living environment, improve college students' ability to tolerate setbacks and adapt to life, and use sports science knowledge and related scientific knowledge education to teach students the methods of self-psychological adjustment and psychological relaxation. Carry out publicity and education on health care knowledge in various forms to guide students to establish correct social values and outlook on life; Cultivate a good lifestyle, put an end to bad food nutrition and test paper, learn self-medical supervision and inspection methods, and establish good health concepts and healthy behavior habits. According to the actual needs of students, colleges and universities should offer some special lectures on sports culture, physical exercise and health, carry out training in sports knowledge, diet and nutrition, health education, and add professional instructors to carry out healthy sports for college students.
Article
At present, most college students in China are around 18-25 years old, and most of them are around 20 years old. They are in the transitional stage from adolescence to maturity, with more complicated physical and mental changes, gradually mature functions of various organs, more frequent physical and mental activities, active and agile thinking ability and strong memory. Their growth and development, learning efficiency, living ability and disease resistance, labor efficiency, sports ability and so on. It is closely related to nutrition and health. It is very important to ensure scientific and reasonable nutrition and balanced diet for college students.
Keywords: college students; Nutrition; Health; Food hygiene; Dietary balance
Introduction:
College students are in the critical stage of late adolescence, which is the most vigorous period of growth and development in their lives. Their physical and mental activities are frequent, and their thinking ability is active and agile, which is an important period for their long body and knowledge. Reasonable diet and nutrition are helpful to improve college students' physical quality and learning efficiency.
From the School of Public Health, Wuhan University, I learned about the problems existing in college students' dietary nutrition. The college conducted a questionnaire survey on the eating habits and dietary composition of 236 college students. The results show that the dietary health of college students is worrying. Only 20% students insist on three meals a day. According to the dietary rules, only 33.9% students can ensure the regularity of three meals, and only 24.2% students never miss any meal for three meals. Among them, the regularity of boys is worse than that of girls, and more than half of boys can't eat breakfast on time. Boys prefer sports and computer games. Once they are addicted, it is easy to delay eating time. In addition, college students eat casually, and 60% people never pay attention to the nutritional collocation of food. More than half of people mainly consider simple principles when eating, and 50.4% people eat regularly and have good and bad moods. After long-term observation, experts found that if a person does not eat breakfast after getting up in the morning, the blood viscosity will increase and the blood flow will be slow, which will lead to a heart attack. Therefore, a rich breakfast not only makes people energetic in a day's work, but also benefits the health of the heart. Teenagers who insist on eating breakfast are stronger than those who skip breakfast, have stronger disease resistance, perform more prominently in school classes, pay more attention in class, have stronger understanding ability, and most of them have better academic performance. For the working class, eating a good breakfast is also a guarantee for doing a good job. This is because human brain cells can only get energy from glucose, a nutrient. If you don't eat or eat breakfast all night, your blood can't guarantee enough glucose supply. After a long time, people will become tired, weak and even out.
Now I have nausea, vomiting and dizziness, so I can't work energetically. Generally speaking, an ideal breakfast should master three elements: meal time, nutritional components and the balance between main and non-staple foods. Generally speaking, it is most appropriate to have breakfast 30 minutes after getting up, because people have the strongest appetite at this time. Breakfast should not only pay attention to quantity, but also pay attention to quality. Calculated by adults, the staple food for breakfast should be between 150 ~ 200 grams, and the calorie should be around 700 kilocalories. Of course, people with different labor intensity and different ages need different calories. In terms of food intake and calories, it should account for 30% of the total food intake and calories of people of different ages. The staple food should generally be starchy food, such as steamed bread, bean curd, bread and so on. And some foods rich in protein, such as milk, soybean milk, eggs, etc. It should be supplemented appropriately and some side dishes should be added. As long as you take the initiative, you can have a nutritious breakfast.
1. Problems in College Students' Dietary Nutrition
1. 1 Lack of necessary nutrition knowledge.
College students in China generally lack nutrition knowledge and the malnutrition rate is high. College students lack nutrition knowledge, and their performances are different among students of different majors. Generally speaking, girls' nutritional knowledge is better than that of boys, and medical students' nutritional knowledge is better than that of other majors.
1.2 unscientific eating habits
After entering the university, the daily diet of college students is controlled by the students themselves. Many students' living habits are extremely unscientific, mainly as follows: 1 Most college students have irregular daily diet, and the amount and time of eating three meals a day are often irregular. Most students don't have the habit of eating three meals regularly, and most of them don't eat in the school cafeteria. Many college students don't pay attention to breakfast, but the phenomenon of eating supper and snacks is common, the distribution of three meals is unreasonable, and the calorie intake of each meal is uneven. Many college students like to eat cold drinks and sweets after entering university. Some college students will eat sweets when reading, especially the problem of female college students eating snacks has always existed, either because of the habit formed since childhood or because they miss meals to satisfy their hunger. A considerable number of students, especially juniors, have the habit of indulging in internet cafes, often staying out for bread nights, and their physical fitness has dropped sharply. College students often drink drinks instead of milk and fruit, and often overeat and so on.
1.3 unreasonable diet structure
The reasonable dietary composition index recommended by China Nutrition Society is: adults should consume grain 14kg, potatoes 3kg, meat 1.5kg, fish 500g, eggs 500g, beans 1kg, vegetable oil 250g, milk 2kg, vegetables 12kg. In this way, the average daily total energy intake is 10MJ, which can achieve the basic balance of dietary nutrition. And eyes
In the past, the diet of college boys was mainly cereals and their products, followed by vegetables, melons and eggplant, and the rest were livestock meat, beans and their products. The diet of girls is mainly vegetables, melons, eggplant, cereals and their products, followed by livestock meat, beans and their products. Whether boys or girls, the intake of vegetables, fruits, fish, milk and eggs did not meet the requirements, indicating that the dietary composition is not reasonable enough. The intake of nutrients and heat energy for three meals a day of college students, except iron intake, can not meet the supply standard. The intake of various nutrients in breakfast is lower than the supply standard, and the intake of carbohydrates and iron in Chinese food and dinner is also lower than the supply standard. The protein of animal food protein and beans is less than 1/2 of the total amount of protein, and the protein of beans only accounts for less than 5%, indicating that the quality of protein is poor and the food composition is unreasonable.
At present, many college students, especially female students, are very interested in eating vegetarian food. They think that vegetarian diet can make people slim and healthy, but eating vegetarian diet is not, which will make people fat. In fact, vegetarianism also has disadvantages. The nutrients it provides, especially the quality of protein, phosphorus and some inorganic salts, are difficult to meet the needs of human growth and development. The advantages of vegetarianism can just make up for this defect. Its protein, calcium, phosphorus and fat-soluble vitamins are better than vegetarianism. Therefore, in order to balance the dietary structure of students and ensure the supply of nutritional quality, it is necessary to mix meat and vegetables to make the human body consume enough nutrition every day.
Secondly, boys smoke and drink online; The misunderstanding of girls' weight loss and beauty is worrying. Due to college time, money is at the students' own disposal. Therefore, in terms of funds, what students can "save" most is "eating". All the money saved by boys is spent on smoking, drinking and surfing the Internet. The living expenses saved by girls are used to buy clothes, beauty and lose weight. Needless to say, the dangers of smoking and drinking are publicized by various media. On the one hand, the amount of radiation is heavy, which is harmful to eyes and panels. On the other hand, sedentary makes the blood circulation of lower limbs and stomach blocked, which affects digestion and absorption. Reducing activities in front of the computer for a long time greatly increases the chances of suffering from cervical spondylosis and mouse hands. Being in an Internet cafe for a long time, the water supplement is not enough, and the metabolism slows down, leading to the accumulation of toxins in the body. The production of enzymes requires sufficient nutrients such as protein, water, vitamins and minerals, and the production of digestive enzymes is correspondingly reduced, resulting in loss of appetite. Among the people interviewed, there is a kidney calculi patient who has been surfing the Internet in the dormitory for a long time, drinking too little water and having irregular living habits. There are many reasons for the formation of urinary calculi. Experts believe that diet and nutrition are closely related to the formation of stones. Secondly, boys smoke and drink online; The misunderstanding of girls' weight loss and beauty is worrying. Due to college time, money is at the students' own disposal. Therefore, in terms of funds, what students can "save" most is "eating". All the money saved by boys is spent on smoking, drinking and surfing the Internet. The living expenses saved by girls are used to buy clothes, beauty and lose weight. Needless to say, the dangers of smoking and drinking are publicized by various media. On the one hand, the amount of radiation is heavy, which is harmful to eyes and panels. in addition
On the one hand, sitting for a long time hinders the blood circulation of lower limbs and stomach, affecting digestion and absorption. Reducing activities in front of the computer for a long time greatly increases the chances of suffering from cervical spondylosis and mouse hands. Being in an Internet cafe for a long time, the water supplement is not enough, and the metabolism slows down, leading to the accumulation of toxins in the body. The production of enzymes requires sufficient nutrients such as protein, water, vitamins and minerals, and the production of digestive enzymes is correspondingly reduced, resulting in loss of appetite. Among the people interviewed, there is a kidney calculi patient who has been surfing the Internet in the dormitory for a long time, drinking too little water and having irregular living habits. There are many reasons for the formation of urinary calculi. Experts believe that diet and nutrition are closely related to the formation of stones.
2. Measures and suggestions
2. 1 Carry out nutrition and health education
Through nutrition health education, students' dietary nutrition can be obviously improved. It is necessary to strengthen the education of nutrition and health knowledge for college students. Let them know about nutrition and hygiene. It is suggested that colleges and universities should offer more elective courses in diet, nutrition and health, so that students can master basic nutrition knowledge, guide and help college students to establish self-care awareness and develop good eating habits.
2.2 Develop a scientific and reasonable breakfast recipe.
Nutrition experts at home and abroad generally believe that breakfast is the most important meal in a day, providing 30% of the energy for the whole day, and the quality should also reach the 1/3 of the whole day nutrition standard. In colleges and universities, about 10% of students never eat breakfast, most of them pay insufficient attention to the quality of breakfast, and the choice of breakfast food is random. Therefore, vigorously promoting nutritious breakfast has a good effect on promoting students' physical development, improving nutritional status and improving students' attention. At the same time, nutritionists or health care professionals can provide a variety of nutritional formulas according to the characteristics of students to meet their needs for various nutrients and change their bad eating habits.
2.3 Improve the diet structure
The principles and methods of rational nutrition are important tools for people to promote health, which can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of college students for self-care. As long as all kinds of foods on the market are reasonably matched according to their own conditions, the purpose of dietary balance can be achieved. Good nutrition does not mean that a balanced diet can be achieved through a reasonable combination of various foods available in the market. Human food is varied. The nutrients contained in various foods are not exactly the same. Except breast milk, no natural food can provide all the nutrients needed by the human body. A balanced diet must consist of a variety of foods in order to meet the various nutritional needs of the human body and achieve the purpose of reasonable nutrition and health promotion. Therefore, college students should be encouraged to eat a wide range of foods. Grain is the main source of energy and protein in China's diet. Teenagers need a lot of energy, which varies according to the amount of activity. The lack of photography in protein will affect the growth and development of teenagers.
2.4 Strengthen food management.
Colleges and universities should strengthen the management of student canteens, extend the opening hours, educate cooks on nutrition and health, and provide students with hygienic and diverse foods through school canteens, which is beneficial to the physical and mental health of college students. College canteens should be equipped with high-level nutritionists and chefs, strengthen management, continuously improve the level of dietary nutrition, and ensure the physical and mental health of college students. Looking at the nutritional status of male and female college students, the intake of some nutrients is low, especially the quality is not high. Pay attention to adjustment, improvement and supplement. In particular, it is necessary to fully ensure the protein and heat supply of college students, and constantly improve the supply ratio of animal protein. Supply more lean meat, fish, milk, eggs and bean products, increase the supply of fresh vegetables and fruits, and ensure the supply of vitamin A and vitamin C. While paying attention to the nutrition and hygiene of college students, develop good eating hygiene habits, regularly quantify three meals a day, and ensure that breakfast is full, Chinese food is good, dinner is few, and the calorie distribution of three meals is scientific and reasonable.
2.5 Female college students pay attention to food.
Eat enough for lunch and dinner and eat less snacks. Most snacks are high in fat and sugar, but low in protein. Eating too many snacks will affect the consumption of dinner, resulting in an imbalance in nutrient intake, making the human body prone to lack of protein, inorganic salts, vitamins and so on. So eat less snacks. Because college students study by themselves for a long time at night and sleep late, the amount of dinner they eat can not be ignored. When women grow up and mature, there will be a certain amount of subcutaneous fat accumulation in physiology to show fullness and beauty. Blindly controlling food intake in order to be slim will make the necessary nutrients of the human body unsatisfied, the resistance is low, and it is easy to get sick. Female college students should advocate natural beauty and abandon the wrong practice of blindly dieting for beauty.
Reasonable nutrition is a comprehensive concept, which requires not only providing energy and various nutrients to meet human physiological needs through dietary distribution, but also reasonable dietary system and cooking methods to avoid imbalance in dietary composition. College students should develop good eating habits, form good eating concepts, pay attention to diet in daily life, get nutrition from diet, take part in beneficial exercise and keep healthy.