It has a long history, unique shape, soft and rich timbre and rich grassland flavor. Can be used for solo, ensemble or accompaniment. It is popular in all parts of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, especially in eastern areas such as Horqin and Zhaowudamang.
In the Tang and Song Dynasties, Hu Qin played both stringed instruments and both methods. Ouyang Xiu, a scholar of the Northern Song Dynasty who was contemporary with Chen Yun, wrote in his poem "Hu Wen's harps and harps are in the examination room": Playing music, playing his tears angrily? .
The game is plucking, isn't it? Roll it up with bamboo? Meaning of. In another poem, there are quite detailed records:? Xi people immediately make the piano, and the strings are absolutely strong with double cocoons. Gao Tang heard the wind and the snow, sitting in a low position. Going deep into the cave, the flute sounds like a song, and there are many doubts. Hands are poor and uninterrupted. Who is better than bamboo? ?
What is clearly described here is the two-string plucked instrument Hu Qin. It can be seen that in the Tang and Song Dynasties, Hu Qin was in a transitional period from playing stringed instruments to pulling stringed instruments.
Hu Qin was also called Ji Qin in Song Dynasty. In The Original Story of Things compiled by Song Gaocheng in A.D. 1080, there is a preface by Du Zhi: At the end of Qin Dynasty, people suffered from the Great Wall and played drums, recalling the beginning of pipa. It is as small as a drum, with a handle and a long foot. However, striking the strings at the head of the drum belongs to the handle end, which is very different from pipa, and its shape is also today. What is clear is Ji Kangqin's legacy. ? According to this statement, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Ji Qin still voiced his voice by plucking the strings instead of rolling them.
In the Song Dynasty, Chen's "Guang Ji of Shilin" (Volume 8) clearly recorded that it was a stringed instrument. The article says:? Ji Qin was originally written by Ji Kang, hence the name Ji Qin. The second string is made of bamboo, and its sound is clear. ? Ji Qin written by Ji Kang in the 3rd century A.D. is obviously an attachment to the ancients, which may be the result of Chen's efforts. Ruan xian made Ruan? Say it.
Both Song people and Ji Qin recorded it, but they recorded two different playing methods. This fully shows that Ji Qin in Song Dynasty is still in the transition stage from playing stringed instruments to playing stringed instruments. At the end of the Song Dynasty, ponytails began to be used as stringed instruments in the northern border areas of China. In the mural of Cave 10 in Yulin Grottoes, Shaanxi Province, there is a flying instrument with a ponytail bow, which plays the frontispiece, the second pair, the second string and the cylindrical piano tube. The age of this cave is about Xixia (A.D. 1038? 1227), which is interlaced with the Song Dynasty in the Central Plains.
Yanshan Temple (for? A tower dedicated to Master Guangji? ), there is a line of carved musical instrument graphics, a person is sitting cross-legged and playing a ponytail bow. Relevant scholars believe that Fan Shi was under Mongolian jurisdiction before the Yuan Dynasty, and Dayuan was the year number. What's the name of this building? October 10, Dayuan 23 rd year? It was completed in A.D. 1236, which happened to be the last year of the Song Dynasty.
This musical instrument, which uses ponytail bow to brush strings instead of bamboo, is the creation of ethnic minorities who have lived a nomadic life for a long time in northern China, and is a milestone in the development of stringed instruments. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the stringed instruments of Huqin began to develop. China's mass production of silk strings for musical instruments also began when it moved its capital to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou) in the Southern Song Dynasty. So, what is a silk string? Hangxian? Known as.
It was also mentioned from time to time in the notes and novels of literati at that time, in Green Window Newspeak? Jin Yan spring outing meets Chunniang? This is what the story says:? Jin Yan and Yu He traveled westward out of the city and saw a gorgeous courtyard, which was Wang Taiwei's manor. Pass the wine and sit in the pavilion, Yan takes two strings and the jade takes the flute ensemble. ?
This? Erxian? This is a stringed instrument with a shape very similar to that of a huqin. In the Ming Dynasty, the stringed instruments of Huqin were improved and developed with the rise of drama and Quyi, and their playing forms were also varied. From the Picture of Autumn Banquet in Tang Lin, which was written by you in the first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1522), we can see an ensemble form composed of three musical instruments: flute and banjo. The huqin in the painting is a dragon head, a neck, a two-stringed instrument and a ponytail bow, and it has 1000 pounds to fix the chord length.
This is not found in Yang Chen's "Le Shu" Huqin diagram, but it also retains the short tube, axis orientation and string tying method of Huqin. Compared with the Er string in Green Window Xinyu in the Southern Song Dynasty, it has made great progress, and is close to the Han Huqin and Nanyin Er string popular in Fujian.
North Korean musician Cheng Shu's ancient Korean book "Norms of Music Learning" (preface to 1494) contains: Huqin, made of ebony flowers and trees (scraping green skin), or black bamboo and sea bamboo bow ponytails, is rolled with turpentine. Press the left hand, roll the right hand, and only play country music. ?
It can be seen that Huqin religion was introduced into Korea in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, the huqin was used in the court's Valkabu music and Qinglong music, while the former was played with four huqin. According to folklore, Huqin was introduced into the Jingbo Lake area of Mudanjiang and Tokyo City through the hands of Donghu people. Later, it became a favorite stringed instrument of the Korean people.
Huqin is a bowstring instrument that Koreans like to use. According to legend, it was created by Xi tribe in the northeast of Song Dynasty, hence the name. Hu Qin can play all kinds of music flexibly, rhythmically and continuously, and can vividly show various emotions, such as mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood, mood.
The production of the huqin is very particular, and the Chinese parasol is gradually used instead of cypress as a vibrating board. The two ends of the strings of the Hu Qin are fixed at the head and the tail respectively, and the head has a string pillow. 13 strings are supported by code posts, and the piano head can be moved left and right to adjust the scale. Jia? Qin is a folk musical instrument that is good at expressing national warmth.