Since 19 18, the three-sister-in-law movement swept across the country, workers went on strike and farmers' tenancy disputes broke out one after another. Some even developed into armed riots, and farmers' associations and many Marxist and socialist left-wing organizations were established and developed through struggle.

Abroad, Japan has also been challenged by Britain and the United States. The international peace structure established after the First World War is still dominated by European victors such as Britain and France. At the Washington meeting of 192 1 to 1922, the United States, Britain and France forced Japan to accept the principle of "maintaining China's territorial and administrative integrity" and "opening the door", which actually broke Japan's plan to monopolize China's market and resources.