elementary knowledge
1. Graphic element:
Point, line and surface: the basic elements of graphics, which are used to represent various things and phenomena.
Symbols and labels: graphic elements used to express specific meanings, such as colors, shapes, words, etc.
2. Coordinate system:
Cartesian coordinate system: used to represent the position of the point in two-dimensional space.
Three-dimensional coordinate system: used to indicate the position of a point in three-dimensional space.
3. Projection and coordinate transformation:
Map projection: Projecting a spherical map onto a plane for display on paper or screen.
Coordinate transformation: transform data in different coordinate systems into coordinates needed for drawing.
4. Legend and proportion:
Legend: Explain the meanings of various symbols and colors on the map.
Proportion: the proportional relationship between the distance on the map and the actual distance.
basic skill
1. Use the drawing tool:
Drawing software: such as Adobe Illustrator and CorelDRAW, used to create fine vector graphics.
Geographic information system software: such as ArcGIS, QGIS, etc. , used to process geospatial data and create maps.
Data visualization tools: such as Tableau, D3.js, etc. , which is used to create interactive dynamic charts.
2. Select the appropriate chart type:
Line chart, histogram and pie chart: used to represent the quantitative relationship between different categories.
Scatter chart and bubble chart: used to represent the relationship between two variables.
Map: used to represent geospatial data.
3. Data processing and analysis:
Data cleaning: clearing errors, missing or inconsistent parts in data.
Data conversion: converting the original data into the format and structure required for drawing.
Data statistics and analysis: use statistical methods and tools to analyze data in order to choose the appropriate visualization method.
4. Graphic design and typesetting:
Color matching: choose the right color to convey information and avoid color blindness.
Font selection: Choose an easy-to-read font, and pay attention to font size and arrangement.
Layout design: Arrange the positions of charts and labels to present clear information.
5. Interactive chart design (for Web and mobile applications):
Mouse Hover Effect: When the user hovers the mouse over the chart, relevant information is displayed.
User interaction: allows users to filter, sort and enlarge through charts.
6. Map making skills:
Map Layer Overlay: Overlay maps of different layers to display various information.
Symbolized map: Use various symbols (such as points, lines and faces) to represent geographical elements.
Heat map: the intensity or density of a phenomenon in an area is expressed by the depth of color.
7. Data security and privacy protection:
Anonymity and desensitization: Processing sensitive data to protect personal privacy.
Data encryption: data is encrypted to protect the security of data during transmission and storage.