(20 18 Xiaogan) 1840, the British government launched a war of aggression against China on the pretext of "protecting trade". With the help of a powerful ship, China was bombed, forcing the Qing government to sign the treaty of nanking. After the Opium War, the new task facing the Chinese nation is to defend national independence and develop modern civilization.

(20 17 Ezhou) "For China people, this war is a boundary marker. It is engraved with the first step of the medieval ancient society under the pressure of the gun. " The "this war" in the materials refers to the Opium War.

(20 13 Huangshi) The Opium War opened the door of China's long-term closure and was the beginning of modern history of China. The main basis of this conclusion is that the social nature of China has changed fundamentally.