The 23 initial consonants include B, P, M, F, D, T, N, L, G, K, H, J, Q, X, zh, ch, sh, R, Z, C, S, Y and W. According to the provisions of the Chinese Pinyin Scheme, Y and W are zero initial syllables. But according to people's customary spelling, Yan will spell with initials, that is, y-an-yan, so both Y and W are counted as initials.
Chinese pinyin:
1, there are 63 pinyin * * *, including 23 initials and 24 finals (6 single vowels, 9 compound vowels, 5 front nasal vowels and 4 rear nasal vowels), and the whole recognition 16.
2.24 vowels include single vowels 6 A, o, e, I, u, u; There are eight vowels, ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, ü e; Special vowel1er; Five vowels in the front nose: an, en, in, un, ü n; There are four vowels in the posterior nasal cavity: ang, eng, ing and ong.
3. 16 The whole reading includes knowledge, delay, time, day, child, word, thought, meaning, thing, language, leaf, month, yuan, yin, luck and response.
4. The three intermediaries include I, U and U.
5. Note: "ü" is still used if it is matched with "N, L", and "Ju, Qu, Xu and Yu" is still used if it is matched with "J, Q, X and Y". Yu is a complete syllable.
Initial consonant:
Initial consonant is a consonant before vowel, which forms a complete syllable with vowel. Consonants are sounds produced by various obstacles in the oral cavity during vocalization, and the process of pronunciation is the process of airflow obstruction and overcoming obstacles. Initial consonant is the original sound value of initial consonant, without vowel.
The pronunciation of initials is a sound with vowels after initials. Such as wave, splash, foam, Buddha, virtue, specialty, nerd, music, case, possibility, harmony, self, qi, wisdom, delay, time, r, zi, word, thought, meaning, thing and language.
Classification of initials:
Classification by pronunciation site (pronunciation site: the site where the pronunciation organ constitutes an obstacle during pronunciation):
1, double lip sound: b p m(3).
2. Labial sound: f( 1).
3, the front sound of the tip of the tongue: z c s(3).
4. The tenor on the tip of the tongue: d t n l(4).
5. Behind the tip of the tongue: zh ch sh r(4).
6. Tongue sound: j q x(3).
7. Tongue root sound: π k h (3).
Classification by pronunciation method (pronunciation method: the way and conditions of controlling airflow in throat, mouth and nasal cavity when pronouncing):
1, stop tone: b p d t ɡ k(6 songs).
2. rubbings: z c zh ch j q(6 films).
3. Fricative sound: f h s sh r x(6).
4. Nasal sound: m n(2).
5. Sidetone: l( 1).
Voiceless (no vibration): bpf d...( 17).
7. voiced voice (trembling): m n l r (4).